Ambient ionisation mass spectrometry for lipid profiling and structural analysis of mammalian oocytes, preimplantation embryos and stem cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina R. Ferreira ◽  
Alan K. Jarmusch ◽  
Valentina Pirro ◽  
Clint M. Alfaro ◽  
Andres F. González-Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Lipid Profiling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Lipids play fundamental roles in mammalian embryo preimplantation development and cell fate. Triacylglycerol accumulates in oocytes and blastomeres as lipid droplets, phospholipids influence membrane functional properties, and essential fatty acid metabolism is important for maintaining the stemness of cells cultured in vitro. The growing impact that lipids have in the field of developmental biology makes analytical approaches to analyse structural information of great interest. This paper describes the concept and presents the results of lipid profiling by mass spectrometry (MS) of oocytes and preimplantation embryos, with special focus on ambient ionisation. Based on our previous experience with oocytes and embryos, we aim to convey that ambient MS is also valuable for stem cell differentiation analysis. Ambient ionisation MS allows the detection of a wide range of lipid classes (e.g. free fatty acids, cholesterol esters, phospholipids) in single oocytes, embryos and cell pellets, which are informative of in vitro culture impact, developmental and differentiation stages. Background on MS principles, the importance of underused MS scan modes for structural analysis of lipids, and statistical approaches used for data analysis are covered. We envisage that MS alone or in combination with other techniques will have a profound impact on the understanding of lipid metabolism, particularly in early embryo development and cell differentiation research.

scholarly journals Mass Spectrometry-Based Zebrafish Toxicometabolomics: A Review of Analytical and Data Quality Challenges

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Katyeny Manuela da Silva ◽  
Elias Iturrospe ◽  
Chloe Bars ◽  
Dries Knapen ◽  
Steven Van Cruchten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Research Field ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Wide Range

Metabolomics has achieved great progress over the last 20 years, and it is currently considered a mature research field. As a result, the number of applications in toxicology, biomarker, and drug discovery has also increased. Toxicometabolomics has emerged as a powerful strategy to provide complementary information to study molecular-level toxic effects, which can be combined with a wide range of toxicological assessments and models. The zebrafish model has gained importance in recent decades as a bridging tool between in vitro assays and mammalian in vivo studies in the field of toxicology. Furthermore, as this vertebrate model is a low-cost system and features highly conserved metabolic pathways found in humans and mammalian models, it is a promising tool for toxicometabolomics. This short review aims to introduce zebrafish researchers interested in understanding the effects of chemical exposure using metabolomics to the challenges and possibilities of the field, with a special focus on toxicometabolomics-based mass spectrometry. The overall goal is to provide insights into analytical strategies to generate and identify high-quality metabolomic experiments focusing on quality management systems (QMS) and the importance of data reporting and sharing.

Wide-range stiffness gradient PVA/HA hydrogel to investigate stem cell differentiation behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Heang Oh ◽  
Dan Bi An ◽  
Tae Ho Kim ◽  
Jin Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Wide Range

scholarly journals Chromobox Protein Homolog 3 Is Essential for Stem Cell Differentiation to Smooth Muscles In Vitro and in Embryonic Arteriogenesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1842-1852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhong Xiao ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Xiaoke Yin ◽  
Zhenling Luo ◽  
Andriani Margariti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 Governs Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation Into cDC1 and Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Through IRF8 and RelB in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. Elizondo ◽  
Nailah Z. D. Brandy ◽  
Ricardo L. L. da Silva ◽  
Naomi L. Haddock ◽  
Apollo D. Kacsinta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals Transformative opportunities for single-cell proteomics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison Specht ◽  
Nikolai Slavov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
New Age ◽  
Technological Developments

Many pressing medical challenges - such as diagnosing disease, enhancing directed stem cell differentiation, and classifying cancers - have long been hindered by limitations in our ability to quantify proteins in single cells. Mass-spectrometry (MS) is poised to transcend these limitations by developing powerful methods to routinely quantify thousands of proteins and proteoforms across many thousands of single cells. We outline specific technological developments and ideas that can increase the sensitivity and throughput of single cell MS by orders of magnitude and usher in this new age. These advances will transform medicine and ultimately contribute to understanding biological systems on an entirely new level.

scholarly journals Herpesvirus saimiri-based gene delivery vectors maintain heterologous expression throughout mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation in vitro

Gene Therapy ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 464-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Stevenson ◽  
D Clarke ◽  
D M Meredith ◽  
S E Kinsey ◽  
A Whitehouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Herpesvirus Saimiri ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Gene Delivery Vectors

scholarly journals Gold Nanowires/Fibrin Nanostructure as Microfluidics Platforms for Enhancing Stem Cell Differentiation: Bio-AFM Study

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashemzadeh ◽  
Allahverdi ◽  
Ghorbani ◽  
Soleymani ◽  
Kocsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Gold Nanowires ◽  
Matrix Elasticity ◽  
Cell Chip ◽  
Chip Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Organ On A Chip

Organ-on-a-chip technology has gained great interest in recent years given its ability to control the spatio-temporal microenvironments of cells and tissues precisely. While physical parameters of the respective niche such as microchannel network sizes, geometric features, flow rates, and shear forces, as well as oxygen tension and concentration gradients, have been optimized for stem cell cultures, little has been done to improve cell-matrix interactions in microphysiological systems. Specifically, detailed research on the effect of matrix elasticity and extracellular matrix (ECM) nanotopography on stem cell differentiation are still in its infancy, an aspect that is known to alter a stem cell’s fate. Although a wide range of hydrogels such as gelatin, collagen, fibrin, and others are available for stem cell chip cultivations, only a limited number of elasticities are generally employed. Matrix elasticity and the corresponding nanotopography are key factors that guide stem cell differentiation. Given this, we investigated the addition of gold nanowires into hydrogels to create a tunable biointerface that could be readily integrated into any organ-on-a-chip and cell chip system. In the presented work, we investigated the matrix elasticity (Young’s modulus, stiffness, adhesive force, and roughness) and nanotopography of gold nanowire loaded onto fibrin hydrogels using the bio-AFM (atomic force microscopy) method. Additionally, we investigated the capacity of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) to differentiate into osteo- and chondrogenic lineages. Our results demonstrated that nanogold structured-hydrogels promoted differentiation of hAMSCs as shown by a significant increase in Collagen I and II production. Additionally, there was enhanced calcium mineralization activity and proteoglycans formation after a cultivation period of two weeks within microfluidic devices.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Citrus Flavonoid Hesperetin: Special Focus on Neurological Disorders

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Jong Ryeal Hahm ◽  
Myeong Ok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Neurodegenerative disorders have emerged as a serious health issue in the current era. The most common neurodegenerative disorders are Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These diseases involve progressive impairment of neurodegeneration and memory impairment. A wide range of compounds have been identified as potential neuroprotective agents against different models of neurodegeneration both in vivo and in vitro. Hesperetin, a flavanone class of citrus flavonoid, is a derivative of hesperidin found in citrus fruits such as oranges, grapes, and lemons. It has been extensively reported that hesperetin exerts neuroprotective effects in experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases. In this systematic review, we have compiled all the studies conducted on hesperetin in both in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegeneration. Here, we have used an approach to lessen the bias in each study, providing a least biased, broad understanding of findings and impartial conclusions of the strength of evidence and the reliability of findings. In this review, we collected different papers from a wide range of journals describing the beneficial effects of hesperetin on animal models of neurodegeneration. Our results demonstrated consistent neuroprotective effects of hesperetin against different models of neurodegeneration. In addition, we have summarized its underlying mechanisms. This study provides the foundations for future studies and recommendations of further mechanistic approaches to conduct preclinical studies on hesperetin in different models.

scholarly journals Human adipose stem cell differentiation is highly affected by cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo: implication for autologous fat grafting

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e2568-e2568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Paino ◽  
Marcella La Noce ◽  
Diego Di Nucci ◽  
Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti ◽  
Rosa Salzillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Adipose Stem Cell ◽  
Autologous Fat Grafting ◽  
Autologous Fat ◽  
Human Adipose Stem Cell
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