The stability of soils used for cropping in northern Victoria and southern New South Wales

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Vance ◽  
B. M. McKenzie ◽  
J. M. Tisdall
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
Mechanical Dispersion ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Dispersion Test ◽  
The Stability

Three hundred and six soil samples were classified for sodicity on the basis of exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and for spontaneous or mechanical dispersion on the basis of a dispersion test (Emerson 1991). Each sample was analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), concentrations of exchangeable and soluble cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+), and concentration of organic carbon (OC). These variables were used to explain the sodicity and dispersive classifications of the 306 samples. Concentrations of exchangeable and soluble Ca2+, Mg2+, and Na+ along with EC and total cation concentration (TCC) significantly affected the sodicity and dispersion classification of the soil. A sodic soil was expected to disperse spontaneously, a non-sodic soil was not expected to disperse spontaneously. From this hypothesis the expected and observed dispersion class was compared with sodicity class. The expected result corresponded to the observed result 77% of the time and the hypothesis was accepted (P < 0.001).

Prevalence of mental disorders in Australia: some evidence from the Hospital Morbidity Collection in New South Wales

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhat Yusuf ◽  
M. Hamid Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Hospital Morbidity

SummaryThis study examines data from 47,238 episodes of hospitalization in New South Wales, Australia, pertaining to the patients suffering from mental disorders, i.e. those patients with a principal diagnosis coded from 290 to 315 inclusive, according to the 8th revision of the International Classification of Diseases.An overall prevalence of nine episodes of hospitalization due to mental disorders was found per 1000 population per annum. Major disease categories were neuroses and alcoholism (each accounting for 21% of the total episodes) followed by schizophrenia (16%) and affective psychosis (11%); there were substantial differences by age, sex, marital status and ethnic origin.

Fibrous Tremolite in Central New South Wales, Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Marc Hendrickx
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Amphibole Asbestos

ABSTRACT Tremolite schists in Ordovician meta-volcanic units in central New South Wales (NSW) consist of fine fibrous tremolite-actinolite. They host tremolite asbestos occurrences, and small quantities of asbestos were mined from narrow vein deposits in central NSW during the last century. When pulverized, the tremolite schist releases mineral fragments that fall into the classification range for countable mineral fibers and may be classed as asbestos despite not having an asbestiform habit. The ambiguity in classification of this type of natural material raises significant health and safety, legal, and environmental issues that require clarification. While the health effects of amphibole asbestos fibers are well known, the consequences of exposure to non-asbestiform, fibrous varieties is not well studied. This group of elongated mineral particles deserves more attention due to their widespread occurrence in metamorphic rocks in Australia. Toxicological studies are needed to assess the health risks associated with disturbance of these minerals during mining, civil construction, forestry, and farming practices.

Distribution of the Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) in New South Wales: Results of The 1994-96 New South Wales Rivers Survey.

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
T.R. Grant ◽  
P.C. Gehrke ◽  
J.H. Harris ◽  
S. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Ornithorhynchus Anatinus ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Population Numbers

Data from the New South Wales Rivers Survey on the occurrence of platypuses have provided the most recent and comprehensive record of platypus distribution in the State. The species was most commonly reported from the montane and coastal regions, being less common on the western slopes and uncommon in the rivers of the western lowlands. The observations confirmed those from earlier community-based surveys. In contrast to the distribution of native fish species, there appears to have been little change in the overall state-wide distribution of the platypus in response to degrading processes in the rivers of New South Wales, although nothing is known of the stability of their population numbers.

Eucalyptus fusiformis (Myrtaceae), a new species of Ironbark (in the Informal E. series Paniculatae Pryor et Johnson) from North-eastern NSW.

Brunonia ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
DJ Boland ◽  
DA Kleinig ◽  
JJ Brophy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Eucalyptus fusiformis Boland et Kleinig, from the north coast of New South Wales is described. Its taxonomic position is in E. subgenus Symphyomyrtus series Paniculatae following the informal classification of eucalypts proposed by Pryor and Johnson (1971). E. fusiformis is characterised by its flowers, fruits and adult leaves. In the bud the staminal filaments are fully inflected while the androecium has outer staminodes and the anthers are cuboid and adnate. The fruits are narrow, often truncate fusiform, tapering into long slender pedicels. The adult leaves are dull grey, concolorous and hypoamphistomatic. The species resembles the more numerous and often co-occurring ironbark E. siderophloia which has similar adult and seedling leaves. The volatile oils of both species are very similar. The ecology, distribution, taxonomic affinities and conservation status are discussed.

Occurrence of Phytophthora clandestina in Trifolium subterraneum paddocks in Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Aldaoud ◽  
W. Guppy ◽  
L. Callinan ◽  
S. F. Flett ◽  
K. A. Wratten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Differential Cultivars

In 1995–96, a survey of soil samples from subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) paddocks was conducted across Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Western Australia, to determine the distribution and the prevalence of races of Phytophthora clandestina (as determined by the development of root rot on differential cultivars), and the association of its occurrence with paddock variables. In all states, there was a weak but significant association between P. clandestina detected in soil samples and subsequent root rot susceptibility of differential cultivars grown in these soil samples. Phytophthora clandestina was found in 38% of the sampled sites, with a significantly lower prevalence in South Australia (27%). There were significant positive associations between P. clandestina detection and increased soil salinity (Western Australia), early growth stages of subterranean clover (Victoria), mature subterranean clover (South Australia), recently sown subterranean clover (South Australia), paddocks with higher subterranean clover content (Victoria), where herbicides were not applied (South Australia), irrigation (New South Wales and Victoria), cattle grazing (South Australia and Victoria), early sampling dates (Victoria and New South Wales), sampling shortly after the autumn break or first irrigation (Victoria), shorter soil storage time (Victoria) and farmer’s perception of root rot being present (Victoria and New South Wales). Only 29% of P. clandestina isolates could be classified under the 5 known races. Some of the unknown races were virulent on cv. Seaton Park LF (most resistant) and others were avirulent on cv. Woogenellup (most susceptible). Race 1 was significantly less prevalent in South Australia than Victoria and race 0 was significantly less prevalent in New South Wales than in South Australia and Western Australia. This study revealed extremely wide variation in the virulence of P. clandestina. The potential importance of the results on programs to breed for resistance to root rot are discussed. in South Australia.

Fire studies in Mallee (Eucalyptus spp.) communities of western New South Wales: spatial and temporal fluxes in soil chemistry and soil biology following prescribed fire

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Noble ◽  
D. J. Tongway ◽  
M. M. Roper ◽  
W. G. Whitford
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Micro Organisms

The effects of prescribed fires on nutrient pools, soil micro-organisms, and vegetation patch dynamics were studied in three semi-arid mallee shrublands in western New South Wales. Repeated sampling of surface soil strata (0–2 and 2–4 cm) was undertaken at strategic times (immediately before and after the fire, after opening autumn rain, mid-season in the winter, and at the end of the spring) in five microsites (inner, middle and outer mallee litter zones, bare soil, and Triodia hummock). These samples were later analysed for pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon and available nitrogen. The effect of fire on soil micro-organisms in these microsites was also examined by measuring nitrogenase activity and enumerating soil Acari. Carbon and nitrogen levels were consistently higher in the inner mallee microsites whereas bare soil sites provided the lowest values. Significant microsite x soil depth interactions were recorded in two shrubland sites while highly significant (P < 0.001) depth x sampling time interactions were recorded in three sites. The most sensitive soil parameter with respect to microsite was electrical conductivity, particularly in the surface 0–2 cm stratum. Highest values were again recorded from the inner mallee microsites and the lowest from bare soil sites. Nitrogenase activity was highest in soil samples associated with mallee litter and, where litter was removed by fire, activity decreased markedly except in the bare soil samples where activity was higher in the burnt samples. Soil microarthropod populations also declined notably following fire. Mites from the Prostigmata greatly outnumbered those from other suborders, a total of 12 families (15 genera) being enumerated in control sites compared with three families (three genera) only of Cryptostigmata. Nonetheless the most abundant mites were cryptostigmatids (Aphelacarus spp.) found in unburnt hummocks beneath Triodia plants. The ecological and management implications of these spatial and temporal fluxes in soil chemistry and soil biology are discussed in relation to their effects on landscape processes, particularly water and nutrient redistribution.

The effects of grazing and season on the stability of Chloris Spp. (Windmill grasses) in natural pasture at Trangie, New South Wales.

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
DL Michalk ◽  
PK Herbert
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stocking Rates

A study of the density and basal diameter of Chloris acicularis Lindl. (syn. Enteropogon acicularis (LindlJLazar. - curly windmill grass) and C. truncata R. Br. (windmill grass) was made at two stocking rates over a period of eight years. The propor- tion of ground covered by these Chloris species varied widely with season, and to a lesser extent with grazing pressure. The density of both species increased in good seasons, while the mean diameter decreased because of the number of new seedlings. Although C. truncata seedlings were more numerous in good seasons, they did not survive as well as did C. acicularis seedlings during prolonged dry periods.

Classification of wheat areas and prediction of yields in north-western New South Wales by repetitive Landsat data

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
KW Dawbin ◽  
JC Evans ◽  
MJ Duggin ◽  
EK Leggett
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Radiance Data ◽  
Vegetative Phases

Radiance data collected by Landsat were used to derive wheat production forecasts. Radiance data at three stages of wheat growth in 1976 for the Tamworth region of the New South Wales wheat-belt were analysed by multivariate statistical methods to discriminate between paddocks that had been sown with wheat and those that had not, and to relate radiance to wheat yield. A discriminant function was derived that classified the paddocks, and a regression equation was derived to predict yields of wheat paddocks. Although data were not available for the green vegetative phases of growth, intrinsic testing of classification and yield prediction indicated high accuracy, although extrinsic testing indicated that they were less accurate. Assuming that data are available in future seasons at the vegetative stages, Landsat has a great potential for improving wheat forecasts in Australia.

Eucalyptus wilcoxii (Myrtaceae), a new species from Sout-eastern NSW.

Brunonia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Boland ◽  
DA Kleinig
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Isozyme Analyses ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Eucalyptus wilcoxii Boland & Kleinig, is described. Its taxonomic position is in subgenus Symphyomyrtus, series Viminales following the informal classification of eucalypts proposed by Pryor and Johnson. In adult characters it superficially resembles E. baeuerlenii F. Muell. but differs markedly from that species in its shortly petiolate and narrow-elliptical seedling and juvenile leaves and in its smaller and shortly pedicellate fruit. The species is known only from the vicinity of Mother Woila Mountain in Deua National Park, New South Wales. Evidence for recognition of this taxon was gathered from the comparative morphology of E. wilcoxii and E. baeuerlenii. The oil composition of adult leaves and isozyme analyses of seeds showed clear differences although the wood anatomy was not distinguishable between the two species. The ecology, distribution, taxonomic status, natural affinities and conservation status of E. wilcoxii are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document