Does atmospheric CO2 concentration influence soil nitrifying bacteria and their activity?

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saman Bowatte ◽  
R. Andrew Carran ◽  
Paul C. D. Newton ◽  
Phil Theobald
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Soil Nitrification ◽  
Nitrification Activity ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentration

Ammonia oxidising bacteria (AOB) are important soil microorganisms that carry out the first step in nitrification, the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite. In this paper we investigated the impact of long-term elevated CO2 on soil nitrification and soil AOB community composition. Soil samples were taken from Hakanoa natural CO2 springs, Kamo, Northland, New Zealand. This site has been exposed to elevated CO2 for several decades. Soils were collected from different points near to CO2-emitting vents where the CO2 concentration at canopy height had been characterised. Nitrification activity was measured using a short-term nitrification assay, and AOB community composition was characterised using polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). A principal component analysis of the DGGE banding pattern was carried out to identify the effect of CO2 on AOB community composition. Soil nitrification activity was markedly decreased with increasing CO2. The variation in DGGE banding patterns revealed differences in the composition of the soil AOB community that were related to CO2 concentration. Principal component analysis showed that the changes in community composition and nitrifying activity were linked and that these changes were related to atmospheric CO2 concentration.

Effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on the activity, abundance and community composition of aerobic methanotrophs in paddy soils

2022 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 104301
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Li-dong Shen ◽  
Wang-ting Yang ◽  
Mao-hui Tian ◽  
Jing-hao Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Methanotrophs

Responses of woody Cerrado species to rising atmospheric CO2 concentration and water stress: gains and losses

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Paulo Souza ◽  
Nayara M. J. Melo ◽  
Eduardo G. Pereira ◽  
Alessandro D. Halfeld ◽  
Ingrid N. Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentration

The rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) has been accompanied by changes in other environmental factors of global climate change, such as drought. Tracking the early growth of plants under changing conditions can determine their ecophysiological adjustments and the consequences for ecosystem functions. This study investigated long-term ecophysiological responses in three woody Cerrado species: Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne, Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil. and Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. and Hook. f. ex S. Moore, grown under ambient and elevated [CO2]. Plants were grown for 515 days at ambient (430 mg dm–3) or elevated [CO2] (700 mg dm–3). Some plants were also subjected to water stress to investigate the synergy between atmospheric [CO2] and soil water availability, and its effect on plant growth. All three species showed an increase in maximum net photosynthesis (PN) and chlorophyll index under high [CO2]. Transpiration decreased in some species under high [CO2] despite daily watering and a corresponding increase in water use efficiency was observed. Plants grown under elevated [CO2] and watered daily had greater leaf area and total biomass production than plants under water stress and ambient [CO2]. The high chlorophyll and PN in cerrado plants grown under elevated [CO2] are an investment in light use and capture and higher Rubisco carboxylation rate, respectively. The elevated [CO2] had a positive influence on biomass accumulation in the cerrado species we studied, as predicted for plants under high [CO2]. So, even with water stress, Cerrado species under elevated [CO2] had better growth.

Impact of plant species and atmospheric CO2 concentration on rhizodeposition and soil microbial activity and community composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-337
Author(s):  
Veronika Jílková ◽  
Allan Sim ◽  
Barry Thornton ◽  
Kateřina Jandová ◽  
Tomáš Cajthaml ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentration

scholarly journals Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration Improved C4 Xero-Halophyte Kochia prostrata Physiological Performance under Saline Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Zulfira Rakhmankulova ◽  
Elena Shuyskaya ◽  
Kristina Toderich ◽  
Pavel Voronin
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Elevated Co2 Concentration ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentration

A significant increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration and associated climate aridization and soil salinity are factors affecting the growth, development, productivity, and stress responses of plants. In this study, the effect of ambient (400 ppm) and elevated (800 ppm) CO2 concentrations were evaluated on the C4 xero-halophyte Kochia prostrata treated with moderate salinity (200 mM NaCl) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced osmotic stress. Our results indicated that plants grown at elevated CO2 concentration had different responses to osmotic stress and salinity. The synergistic effect of elevated CO2 and osmotic stress increased proline accumulation, but elevated CO2 did not mitigate the negative effects of osmotic stress on dark respiration intensity and photosystem II (PSII) efficiency. This indicates a stressful state, which is accompanied by a decrease in the efficiency of light reactions of photosynthesis and significant dissipative respiratory losses, thereby resulting in growth inhibition. Plants grown at elevated CO2 concentration and salinity showed high Na+ and proline contents, high water-use efficiency and time required to reach the maximum P700 oxidation level (PSI), and low dark respiration. Maintaining stable water balance, the efficient functioning of cyclic transport of PSI, and the reduction of dissipation costs contributed to an increase in dry shoot biomass (2-fold, compared with salinity at 400 ppm CO2). The obtained experimental data and PCA showed that elevated CO2 concentration improved the physiological parameters of K. prostrata under salinity.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

Review of Three-Mode Principal Component Analysis: Theory and Applications, Vol. 2.

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 915-916
Author(s):  
William R Koch
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Analysis Theory
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