Soil thermal and productive responses of biodegradable mulch materials in a processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crop

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta M. Moreno ◽  
Alicia Cirujeda ◽  
Joaquín Aibar ◽  
Carmen Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

Mulch materials of different origin and colour are available in the agricultural sector as sustainable alternatives to the use of polyethylene (PE). Mulching modifies soil temperature and consequently affects crop yields. This work assessed the thermal and productive responses of different mulch materials in two different geo-climatic conditions during a 3-year integrated field study on processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Two biodegradable plastic mulches (BD1, BD2), one oxo-degradable material (OB), two types of paper (PP1, PP2) and one barley-straw cover (BS) were compared with two control treatments: black PE and manual weeding (MW). Soil temperature variables (maximum, minimum and mean temperature, soil growing degree-days and soil temperature amplitude) and production variables (marketable and total yield, mean fruit weight) were considered. Thermally, PE could be considered an atypical mulch causing higher temperatures in the soil, but it is not associated with a higher yield. Responses of PE, PP2 and MW were independent of the geo-environmental conditions, whereas OB, BD1 and BD2 had similar thermal and productive responses to each other in different environments. Tomato yield was correlated positively only with the minimum soil temperature, especially when excluding PE.

INFLUENCE DE LA TEMPERATURE DU SUBSTRAT ET DE LA FERTILISATION AZOTEE SUR LA CROISSANCE, LE DEVELOPPEMENT, LA TENEUR EN AZOTE ET L’ACTIVITE DE LA NITRATE REDUCTASE CHEZ LA TOMATE

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ GOSSELIN ◽  
FRANÇOIS-P. CHALIFOUR ◽  
MARC J. TRUDEL ◽  
GHISLAIN GENDRON
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

We measured the effects of five root temperatures (12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 °C) and five rates of nitrogen fertilization (0, 2.5, 7.5, 22.5 and 67.5 meq N∙L−1) on growth, development, nitrogen content and nitrate reductase activity of tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ’Vendor’). The greatest root dry weight was obtained at 18 °C and 2.5 meq N∙L−1 and the highest shoot dry weight at 24 °C and 22.5 meq N∙L−1. Total fruit weight was maximum at 24 °C and 2.5 meq N∙L−1. High root temperatures and high levels of fertilization increased the number of aborted flowers and the nitrogen content of shoots, but reduced tomato yields. Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was higher in leaves than in roots and with plants receiving 22.5 meq N∙L−1 as compared to 2.5 meq. NRA in roots decreased as temperature increased.Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., root zone temperature, nitrate reductase, nitrogen

scholarly journals (191) Vegetative and Productive Components of Genotypes of Red Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under Greenhouse Conditions

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031D-1031
Author(s):  
Francisco Radillo Juarez ◽  
Juan Manuel González Gonzalez ◽  
Marcelino Bazan Tene ◽  
Luis Fernando Velasco Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Production ◽  
World Production ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Polar Diameter

In world production of vegetables, the red tomato contributes 47% of the total production and occupies second place in world consumption. The objective of this research was to evaluate 13 genotypes of red tomato with high technology for horticultural production in the greenhouse. This study was realized in “Zamora” greenhouses in Quesería-Montitlán, Colima, Mexico. The evaluated materials were: `Sun', D-0289, D-2465, D-2467, D-2475, D-2503, D-2505, D-2512, D-2515, D-2534, D-2541, D-2552, D-7705, and, as control, the `Roman' variety. The tallest height was that of `Roman' plants, 2.46 m, vs. the height of the first cluster of fruits in D-2575 with 51 cm. With respect to largest number of fruits per cluster and total harvested, D-0289 stood out with four and 18 fruits per plant, respectively. In regard to fruit size, the genotypes D-0289 and D-2534 presented the largest equatorial and polar diameter, with 19.2 and 14.2 cm, respectively. For fruit weight, the genotypes `Sun' and D-0289 presented the largest weight with 160 and 151 g, respectively. We conclude that agronomic management influences production under technical systems. For vegetative and productive desirable characteristics, the genotypes `Roman', D-0289, and D-77055 were the more adaptable for production in the greenhouse.

scholarly journals Some results of growth technology by 2 stem for mini tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum. Mill) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Nyambuu Erdenebat ◽  
Oyungerel Janlav ◽  
Undarmaa Davaasambuu ◽  
Tsegmid Vanchinkhuu
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Growth Technology

The purpose of this study was to compare the new technology methods of growing two-stem tomatoes with the method of growing one main stem during the testing of small fruit tomato varieties that are adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of Mongolia. When growing tomato varieties with 2 stems, Seminis-SV7160TC, Galaxy and TY Candy varieties had 169-171 days from germination to 80% of fruit ripening, which is 4-6 days later than growing with 1 main stem. When growing tomato varieties with 2 stems, it is possible to produce 10 or more stems per plant with 10 stems per plant or 10 stems per plant, but the delay in fruit ripening affected the yield and quality of the crop. Жижиг жимст лоолийн (Lycopersicon Esculentum. Mill) сортуудыг 2 ишээр ургуулах шинэ технологийг туршсан дүнгээс Монгол орны хөрс, цаг уурын нөхцөлд дасан зохицох жижиг жимстэй лоолийн сортуудыг сорих, туршихдаа шинэ технологиудын нэг  болох 2 ишээр ургуулах аргыг 1 гол ишээр ургуулах аргатай харьцуулан судлах зорилгоор энэхүү судалгааг явуулсан. Лоолийн сортуудыг 2 ишээр ургуулахад  Seminis-SV7160TC, Galaxy, TY Candy сортуудад соёололтын жигдрэлтээс үр жимсний болцын 80% хүртэлхи хугацаагаар тооцоход 169-171 хоног байсан нь  1 гол ишээр ургуулснаас 4-6 хоногоор оройтсон. Лоолийн сортуудыг 2 ишээр  ургуулахад   салаа иш тус бүрт 5 ш багцэцэг буюу 1 ургамалд 10 ш байхаар ургуулсан. Энэ арга нь  1 ишээр ургуулснаас 3 ш-ээр илүү  багц үр жимс авах боломжтой байсан ч үр жимсний боловсролтын хугацаа оройтсон нь ургацын хэмжээ, чанарт нөлөөлж байсан. Лоолийн сортуудбг 2 ишээр ургуулсан хувилбаруудад  1 м2-ын ургац  KT Orange(5.3 кг), Seminis-SV7160TC(6.3 кг), Galaxy(6.6 кг), TY Candy(6.1 кг), TY 777(6.0 кг) байсан бол 1 гол ишээр  ургуулсан сортуудыг хяналт болгож ижил нөхцөлд ургуулахад  KT Orange(3.6 кг),Seminis-SV7160TC(5.0 кг), Galaxy(6.0 кг),TY Candy(4.8 кг),TY 777(5.3 кг), Вишнийвидный(5.7 кг)  байсан. Эндээс үзэхэд  шинэ технологийн арга болох залгалтын аргыг ашиглахад  сорт тус бүр дээр 0,3-1.7 кг\м2-аар ахиу буюу  3-17 %-ийн нэмүү ургацтай байсан. Түлхүүр үг: гол иш, 2 иш, багцэцэг, үржимс, ургац

scholarly journals EFFETS DE TROIS TEMPÉRATURES NOCTURNES DE L’AIR SUR LES RENDEMENTS DE LA TOMATE DE SERRE CULTIVÉE EN SOL ET EN NFT

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN CHOLETTE ◽  
DANIEL LORD
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Air Temperatures

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of low night-air temperatures on the early and total yields of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ’Carmello’) grown with three stems in NFT and soil, in a greenhouse with small tunnels. Tomato was seeded on 16 Jan. and was grown under three night air temperatures (17, 12, 7 °C) for 2 mo after the sixth leaf had expanded and the first cluster was visible, say from 24 Feb. to 15 Apr. Total and marketable yields were significantly higher in NFT than in soil, but there was no advantage for the early yield. The date at which half the flowers of the first cluster opened was 2 wk earlier for the 17 °C treatment than for the 7 °C treatment, indicating that low night-air temperatures reduce the speed of development. Low night-air temperature significantly reduced the early yield, while the time to half of total yield increased by a factor of 2 wk in NFT and 1 wk in soil. Night air temperatures show large effects on the speed of development of the tomato and the earliness of the marketable yield.Key words: Tomato, greenhouse, night-air temperature, NFT, soil, early and total yields

scholarly journals Production of seven varieties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) pruned to one and two stems under greenhouse

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Everardo Vargas-Espinoza ◽  
Marina Gaytán-Ruelas ◽  
Alberto Calderón-Ruiz ◽  
Verónica De Jesús Morales Félix
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The One ◽  
Technological University

The experiment was conducted from May to August 2018 at the Technological University of the Southwest of Guanajuato (UTSOE) in a randomized complete block design with three repetitions, in greenhouse 1 of 700 m2 of the Sustainable and Protected Agriculture Career; with the purpose of evaluating the effect of pruning at one and two stems per plant, on yield, fruit weight and plant variables in seven varieties of saladette tomato produced under greenhouse and in hydroponics. The varieties evaluated were: Natalie, USATX 12227, USATX 9934, Juan Pablo, USATX 24019, USATX 16117, USATX 15538, all established at a density of 31,250 plants or stems per hectare. Pruning at two stems per plant produced the highest yield in the USATX 16117, USATX 9934 and Natalie varieties, producing more than 2.3 kg per plant after six weeks of harvest. For the fruit weight, the USATX 9934 variety with two stems, was the one that produced fruits of greater caliber, being one of the three varieties with the highest yield. For the plant height, the USATX 24019 variety with one stem was the one with the highest height three months after the transplant.

scholarly journals Effect of water supply on canopy temperature, stomatal conductance and yield quantity of processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Helyes ◽  
A. Bőcs ◽  
Z. Pék
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Positive Effect

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most extensively cultivated horticultural crops in the world.Water supply is important for yield quantity and quality. The aims of the present study were 1) to evaluate the canopy temperature and the stomatal conductance on processing tomato substances with different water supply, 2) to investigate the effect of different water supply on yield quantity. There were two irrigated treatments, one of them was the reguralry irrigated plant stand which got 333 mm water during investigated period, including the precipitation and the other was the cut off substance which means the irrigation (drip) was stopped at the beginning of the ripening process and there was a control as well which got 189 mm precipitation. The canopy temperature was measured row by row with a Raytek MX 4 type infrared remote thermometer. The stomatal conductance was measured by Delta-T AP4 type porometer. There were significant differences between the control and irrigated plants according to the water supply which was formulated the canopy values. The plants with a deficient water supply were decreased the transpiration rate, therefore its cooling effect didn’t show up. The regularly irrigated tomato plants’ yield exceeded the unirrigated ones more than twice. It is emerged from the study that the irrigation has a positive effect on the amount of the harvestable yield in this year type.

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