The Helminth Parasites of Rattus Fuscipes (Waterhouse) From Victoria, Including Description of Two New Nematode Species.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 867 ◽  
Author(s):  
DL Obendorf
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Secondary Transfer ◽  
Rattus Fuscipes ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Insight Into

In R. fuscipes from seven Victorian localities: 15 nematode and five cestode species were found; Bertiella anapolytica, Capillaria gastrica and Stammerinema suffodiax represented new host-parasite records for R. fuscipes, and the latter two were new helminth records for Australia. Capillaria praeputialis, sp. nov., and Paraustrostrongylus ratti, sp. nov., are described. Insight into the feeding habits and the interrelationships of R. fuscipes with other fauna was sought from the parasite data. One cestode (Choanotaenia ratticola) and two nematode species (Dipetalonema johnstoni and Stammerinema suffodiax) also occur in marsupials. Two helminth genera (Bertiella and Paraustrostrongylus) with extensive radiations in marsupial hosts are recorded from R.fuscipes. It is proposed that these data present further evidence for the concept of secondary transfer of parasite faunas between indigenous marsupials and rodents.

scholarly journals A check list of the helminths of guineafowls (Numididae) and a host list of these parasites

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Junker ◽  
J. Boomker
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Check List ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
Host List

Published and personal records have been compiled into a reference list of the helminth parasites of guineafowls. Where data on other avian hosts was available these have been included for completeness' sake and to give an indication of host range. The parasite list for the Helmeted guineafowls, Numida meleagris, includes five species of acanthocephalans, all belonging to a single genus, three trematodes belonging to three different genera, 34 cestodes representing 15 genera, and 35 nematodes belonging to 17 genera. The list for the Crested guineafowls, Guttera edouardi, contains a single acanthocephalan together with 10 cestode species belonging to seven genera, and three nematode species belonging to three different genera. Records for two cestode species from genera and two nematode species belonging to a single genus have been found for the guineafowl genus Acryllium. Of the 70 helminths listed for N. meleagris, 29 have been recorded from domestic chickens.

scholarly journals Prevalence of helminth parasites in free-range chickens from selected rural communities in KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mukaratirwa ◽  
M.P. Khumalo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Faecal Egg Count

A total of 79 chickens were randomly collected from 4 rural localities and processed to detect the presence of helminth parasites and their prevalences. Sixteen helminth species comprising 12 nematode and 4 cestode species were recorded from the 4 localities. Syngamus trachea and Cyathostoma spp. were the only helminth species recovered from the respiratory tract and the rest of the helminth species were from the gastrointestinal tract. The most prevalent nematode species across the 4 localities were Heterakis gallinarum (prevalence range 80-94.4 %), Gongylonema ingluvicola (43.3-86.7 %), Tetrameres americana (53.3-66.7 %) and Ascaridia galli (22.2-43.8 %) and for cestode species, Raillietina tetragona(16.7-40 %) and Skrijabinia cesticillus (3.3-13.3 %) were the most prevalent in that order.Heterakis gallinarum and T. americana had the highest intensity of infection in chickens acrossall the rural areas compared with other helminth species. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) observed in the sex distribution for As. galli, Baruscapillaria obsignata (syn. Capillaria obsignata), Eucoleus annulatus (syn. Capillaria annulata), Eucoleus contortus (syn. Capillaria contorta) and Subulura suctoria among the 4 rural areas. However, a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in the intensity of infection of both males and females for H. gallinarum and T. americana across the 4 localities studied. Tetrameres americana, A. galli, C. obsignata and C. annulata had prevalence and number of females higher than that of males, while H. gallinarum showed the opposite. Prevalence of H. gallinarum and T. americana as determined by faecal egg count were much lower compared with the prevalence as determined by post mortem examination, confirming the limitation of using faecal samples in determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in chickens.

scholarly journals Checklist of helminth parasites in wild carnivore mammals from Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1721 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIANO M. VIEIRA ◽  
JOSÉ L. LUQUE ◽  
LUIS C. MUNIZ-PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Helminth Parasite ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
New Host ◽  
Wild Carnivore ◽  
Host Parasite

Ninety-five helminth parasite species totaling 480 records (including 60 new host and geographical records) in 21 species of wild carnivore mammals from Brazil were listed. Nineteen undetermined helminth species and 4 undetermined host species were also included. Information about the site of infection of parasites, localities, references and a host-parasite list were included herein.

Helminth parasites of wild cats in north-east Scotland

1980 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. B. Burt ◽  
A. W Pike ◽  
L. K Corbett
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Felis Silvestris ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
North East ◽  
Wild Cats ◽  
Taenia Taeniaeformis

AbstractThree cestode species, namelyTaenia taeniaeformisBatsch, 1786,Taenia pisiformis(Bloch, 1780) andMesocestoides litteratus(Batsch, 1786) and one nematode species,Toxocara catiSchrank, 1788, were found in wild cats collected in Grampian region, Scotland. Of the 41 cats examined, 25 wereFelis silvestris, 12 were feralFelis catusand four were hybrids ofF. silvestrisandF. catus.

Parasites of the bridled nailtail wallaby (Onychogalea fraenata) (Marsupialia : Macropodidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Turni ◽  
L. R. Smales
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
New Host ◽  
Captive Breeding Program ◽  
Single Instance ◽  
Egg Density ◽  
Nematode Eggs

The bridled nailtail wallaby (Onychogalea fraenata), an endangered macropod, has been reintroduced into the wild after a captive-breeding program. As part of a management program to assess the risks to its survival O. fraenata were trapped and examined for ecto- and endoparasites. From February to September 1996, 55 wallabies from Taunton National Park, central Queensland, some trapped more than once, were visually examined for ectoparasites. The blood of 39 O. fraenata was tested for antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Echinococcus granulosus and a total of 82 faecal samples were examined microscopically. In addition, in a second study a complete carcase, three complete gastro-intestinal tracts, and a single stomach, obtained from various sources, including Idalia National Park, were examined for helminth parasites. The most prevalent ectoparasites were the ticksAmbylomma triguttatum and Haemaphysalis bancrofti. Other ectoparasites included four species of trombiculid mites and a louse, Heterodoxus sp. A single instance of the nippoboscid fly, Ortholfersia minuta, was found. From the serological surveys, antibodies against Toxoplasma and Echinococcus were detected in 15% and 21% respectively. No trematode or cestode eggs or protozoal cysts were found in faeces. Nematode eggs had a prevalence of 92% with a mean egg density of 500 eggs per gram. Strongyloides sp. (larvae) was the most prevalent nematode in faeces. In the postmortem study, seven nematode species (Cloacina polyxo, Hypodontus macropi, Labiostrongylus onychogale, Macropostrongyloides baylisi, Macropoxyuris sp., Rugopharynx australis and Zoniolaimus buccalis) and four cestode species (Progamotaenia bancrofti, P. zschokkei, P. abietiformis and larval E. granulosus) were found. Six of the nematode species are new host records. The presence of infection with the introduced parasites T. gondii and E. granulosus, both recognised as serious pathogens, is of management significance. Since the definitive hosts of these parasites are cats and canids respectively, control of cat, dog and dingo populations within the Park will lessen the incidence of infection with these parasites.

The infection of the gulls Larus argentatus Pont., L. fuscus L. and L. marinus L. with Cestoda on the coast of Wales

Parasitology ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. Williams ◽  
M. P. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Larus Argentatus ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Nature Conservancy ◽  
Food And Feeding ◽  
New Host Records

An account is given of the incidence and intensity of infection of the gulls Larus argentatus Pont., L. fuscus L., and L. marinus L. with Cestoda on the coast of Wales. Eleven species of cestodes were found in the three species of gulls, nine in L. argentatus, eight in L. fuscus and six in L. marinus. Nine new host records and two new British records are listed.The presence of the cestode parasites did not appear to be harmful to the birds.Ecological and systematic notes are given on each of the cestode species. The basic cestode fauna of L. argentatus, L. fuscus and L. marinus on the coast of Wales comprised three species, namely Tetrabothrius cylindraceus (Rud.), T. erostris (voennberg) and Anomotaenia micracantha (Krabbe).The factors influencing the intensity and incidence of infection are considered and it is concluded that infection is determined mainly by the food and feeding habits of the host. It is shown that the number of cestodes per bird may be represented by a negative binomial distribution. There is some evidence to suggest that high intensities of infection were associated with high incidences. Three main stages in the development of the helminth-fauna of gulls are described and are related to the age and activity of the bird.It is a pleasure to record our personal thanks to those to whom we are indebted, namely the Nature Conservancy and the West Wales Naturalists' Trust for permission to work on Skomer Island, to Mr D. R. Saunders, Warden of Skomer Island, for help in the collection of some of the Great Black-backed Gulls, to Mr P. Hope Jones who collected the gulls from Malltraeth, and to Professor J. G. Baer, Departement de Zoologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Professor W. E. Kershaw, Department of Parasitology and Entomology, University of Liverpool, and Mr Stephen Prudhoe, British Museum (Natural History), for the loan of specimens, and to Mr M. D. B. Burt, Department of Natural History, University of St Andrews, for identifying the specimens of Paricterotaenia paradoxa.The participation of one of us (M. P. H.) in this work was made possible through the generous assistance of a D.S.I.R. research studentship, which is gratefully acknowledged.

scholarly journals Schistosoma haematobium extracellular vesicle proteins confer protection in a heterologous model of schistosomiasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebeyaw G. Mekonnen ◽  
Bemnet A. Tedla ◽  
Darren Pickering ◽  
Luke Becker ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Heterologous Challenge ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Host Tissues ◽  
Vesicle Proteins

AbstractHelminth parasites release extracellular vesicles which interact with the surrounding host tissues, mediating host-parasite communication and other fundamental processes of parasitism. As such, vesicle proteins present attractive targets for the development of novel intervention strategies to control these parasites and the diseases they cause. Herein, we describe the first proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS of two types of extracellular vesicles (exosome-like, 120k pellet vesicles and microvesicle-like, 15k pellet vesicles) from adult Schistosoma haematobium worms. A total of 57 and 330 proteins were identified in the 120k pellet vesicles and larger 15k pellet vesicles, respectively, and some of the most abundant molecules included homologues of known helminth vaccine and diagnostic candidates such as Sm-TSP2, Sm23, glutathione S-tranferase, saposins and aminopeptidases. Tetraspanins were highly represented in the analysis and found in both vesicle types. Vaccination of mice with recombinant versions of three of these tetraspanins induced protection in a heterologous challenge (S. mansoni) model of infection, resulting in significant reductions (averaged across two independent trials) in liver (47%, 38% and 41%) and intestinal (47%, 45% and 41%) egg burdens. These findings offer insight into the mechanisms by which anti-tetraspanin antibodies confer protection and highlight the potential that extracellular vesicle surface proteins offer as anti-helminth vaccines.

Helminths of foxes and other wild carnivores from rural areas in Greece

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Papadopoulos ◽  
C. Himonas ◽  
M. Papazahariadou ◽  
K. Antoniadou-Sotiriadou
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Wild Carnivores ◽  
Wild Cats ◽  
First Time ◽  
Of Greece

AbstractTwenty species of helminth parasites were identified from fox, wolf, jackal and wild cat material collected in Greece. Of the 314 foxes (Vulpes vulpes) examined, 18 helminth species were recovered comprising one trematode, eight cestodes, seven nematodes and two acanthocephalans, with the cestode species Mesocestoides sp. (73.2%), Joyeuxiella echinorhynchoides (24.5%) and the nematode species Uncinaria stenocephala (43.9%), and Toxocara canis (28.6%) being the most prevalent. Five cestode and three nematode species were reported from six wolves (Canis lupus), together with one trematode, three cestode and four nematode species from five jackals (Canis aureus) and two cestode and three nematode species from four wild cats (Felis silvestris) examined. The species J. echinorhynchoides, Taenia crassiceps and Onicola canisand the genera Spirometra, Rictularia and Pachysentis are reported here for the first time in Greece. The results are discussed in the light of the feeding characteristics of wild carnivores in rural areas of Greece.

scholarly journals Helminth Parasites of Lane Snapper, Lutjanus synagris from Santiaguillo Reef, Veracruz, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Montoya-Mendoza ◽  
María Del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Salvador Rojas-Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Component Community ◽  
New Host ◽  
Southern Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
National Park System ◽  
New Host Records

<p>In 51 specimens of lane snapper, <em>Lutjanus synagris</em>, captured in Santiaguillo Reef, Veracruz Reef National Park System, State of Veracruz, in the Southern Gulf of Mexico, a total of 25 helminth species were recovered, as follows: 9 digeneans (8 adults, and 1 metacercaria), 7 monogeneans, 6 nematodes (4 adults, and 2 larvae), 2 cestodes (both larvae), and 1 acanthocephalan (juvenile). Out of the 25 species, 11 are new host records; 2 have prevalence &gt; 50%, and mean intensity &gt; 4.7; <em>Haliotrematoides cornigerum</em> (monogenean) had the highest prevalence, 94.11%, followed by <em>Euryhaliotrema tubocirrus </em>with prevalence of 66.67%. Richness (<em>S</em> = 25) and diversity (Shannon index <em>H’</em> = 2.13) at component community, and endoparasites infracommunity level (<em>S</em> = 6.27 ± 2.5, Brillouin index<em> H</em> = 1.07 ± 0.42), and ectoparasites infracommunity level (<em>S</em> = 3.6875 ± 1.87, Brillouin index <em>H</em> = 0.74 ± 0.4), were similar to those found in other marine fish. Results suggests that the host feeding habits determine the endoparasites composition, while the ectoparasites composition is associated to the environmental conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Parasites of South African wildlife. XIX. The prevalence of helminths in some common antelopes, warthogs and a bushpig in the Limpopo province, South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilana C. Van Wyk ◽  
Joop Boomker
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
New Host ◽  
Black Wildebeest ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Connochaetes Taurinus ◽  
Host Parasite

Little work has been conducted on the helminth parasites of artiodactylids in the northern and western parts of the Limpopo province, which is considerably drier than the rest of the province. The aim of this study was to determine the kinds and numbers of helminth that occur in different wildlife hosts in the area as well as whether any zoonotic helminths were present. Ten impalas (Aepyceros melampus), eight kudus (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), four blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), two black wildebeest (Connochaetes gnou), three gemsbok (Oryx gazella), one nyala (Tragelaphus angasii), one bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), one waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus), six warthogs (Phacochoerus aethiopicus) and a single bushpig (Potamochoerus porcus) were sampled from various localities in the semi-arid northern and western areas of the Limpopo province. New host–parasite associations included Trichostrongylus deflexus from blue wildebeest, Agriostomum gorgonis from black wildebeest, Stilesia globipunctata from the waterbuck and Fasciola hepatica in a kudu. The mean helminth burden, including extra-gastrointestinal helminths, was 592 in impalas, 407 in kudus and blue wildebeest, 588 in black wildebeest, 184 in gemsbok, and 2150 in the waterbuck. Excluding Probstmayria vivipara, the mean helminth burden in warthogs was 2228 and the total nematode burden in the bushpig was 80. The total burdens and species richness of the helminths in this study were consistently low when compared with similar studies on the same species in areas with higher rainfall. This has practical implications when animals are translocated to areas with higher rainfall and higher prevalence of helminths.

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