Insights into person deixis

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norine Berenz

Widely accepted analyses of personal pronouns in sign languages present systems that differ in a crucial way from pronominal systems in oral languages and violate linguistic universals proposed by Benveniste, Bühler, Lyons, and others. These analyses argue that the two necessary conversational roles — sender and recipient — are not grammaticized in first and second person pronouns, respectively. This paper presents findings of a detailed analysis of pronominal reference in video-recorded, naturally occurring Brazilian Sign Language conversations which show consistent pairings of form and meaning. On this basis, I argue that the LSB personal pronoun system encodes the two necessary conversational roles. A re-examination of several ASL examples provides additional evidence. I conclude that, in LSB and ASL personal pronouns, space is only epiphenomenal, an idea first articulated by Padden (1990:118).

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Roberto Cesar Reis da Costa

The focus of this paper is to propose an evaluation tool to assess the teaching-learning process of Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) to hearing students in Higher Education. The current Brazilian laws dealing with the accessibility of the deaf and the teaching of Libras will be concisely posited and argued, and after that an overview on linguistic aspects of Libras will be highlighted prior to discussing the teaching of this language as a Second Language (L2). Also, it will be discussed briefly the relevance of using strategies to Libras teaching as L2 and then the proposal to evaluate teaching and learning processes of the language at stake will be finally described. As a conclusion, developing tools as well as presenting proposals for the teaching of sign languages might be ways to highlight and discuss pedagogical issues about the teaching of the sign languages. The paper outcomes are useful for scholars and learners who are researching and implementing tools for Libras teaching as L2.


Author(s):  
Yangyang Li

<p>Abnormal use of personal pronouns is an important feature of autistic children's oral development. After comparing autistic deaf children with autistic children and deaf children respectively, it is found that pronoun avoidance also exists in the sign language development of autistic deaf children, but pronoun reversal rarely occurs. In pronoun avoidance, the sign language performance of autistic deaf children is more similar to that of autistic children than deaf children, which is more likely to be due to autistic children's own disorders than differences in language forms.  Different from autistic children and deaf children, autistic deaf children have their own unique performance in pronoun reversal: palm reversal. The reason may be that the disorder of personal pronoun reversal in autistic children may have different performance due to differences in language forms.</p>


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Silva Reis ◽  
Tiago Maritan U. De Araújo ◽  
Yuska Paola Costa Aguiar ◽  
Manuella Aschoff C.B. Lima ◽  
Angelina S. da Silva Sales

Currently, a set of technologies has been developed with the aim of reducing barriers to access to information for deaf people, such as machine tools for sign languages. However, these technologies have some limitations related to the difficult of handling some specific grammatical aspects of the sign languages, which can make the translations less fluent, and influence the deaf users experience. To address this problem, this study analyzes the machine translation of contents from Brazilian Portuguese (Pt-br) into Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) performed by three machine translators: ProDeaf, HandTalk and VLibras. More specifically, we performed an experiment with some Brazilian human interpreters that evaluate the treatment of some specific grammatical aspects in these three applications. As a result, we observed a significant weakness in the evaluation regarding the adequacy treatment of homonymous words, denial adverbs and directional verbs in the translations performed by the applications, which indicates the need for these tools to improve in the treatment of these grammatical aspects.


Author(s):  
Yangyang Li

<p>Abnormal use of personal pronouns is an important feature of autistic children's oral development. After comparing autistic deaf children with autistic children and deaf children respectively, it is found that pronoun avoidance also exists in the sign language development of autistic deaf children, but pronoun reversal rarely occurs. In pronoun avoidance, the sign language performance of autistic deaf children is more similar to that of autistic children than deaf children, which is more likely to be due to autistic children's own disorders than differences in language forms.  Different from autistic children and deaf children, autistic deaf children have their own unique performance in pronoun reversal: palm reversal. The reason may be that the disorder of personal pronoun reversal in autistic children may have different performance due to differences in language forms.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Gabriele Cristine Rech ◽  
Fabíola Sucupira Sell

Este trabalho faz parte do projeto de pesquisa em andamento denominado “Estudos Onomásticos da Língua Brasileira de Sinais”, e tem por objetivo analisar a atribuição de um sinal de nome para alguns autores/pesquisadores, cujos sinais de nome foram pesquisados no Manuário Acadêmico e Escolar elaborado pelo Instituto Nacional de Educação de Surdos. Tal pesquisa se insere nos estudos onomásticos das línguas de sinais, uma vez que em muitas comunidades de línguas de sinais, é comum a atribuição de um sinal para que o indivíduo possa ser reconhecido como integrante daquele grupo. Estes signos, que denominamos “sinais de nome”, utilizam-se de características visuais, e são sempre motivados. Salienta-se que sinais de nome também são atribuídos para pessoas que não fazem parte da comunidade surda, mas que precisam ser referenciados constantemente, como é o caso de pesquisadores, autores, filósofos etc., relacionados ao ambiente acadêmico. Para tal análise, utilizamos a taxonomia proposta por Barros (2018), a qual identificou quatro principais taxes para classificar um sinal de nome: Empréstimo da Língua oral, Aspecto físico, Aspecto Comportamental e Aspecto Social. Como resultados preliminares podemos observar que a maioria das atribuições de sinais se relacionam a características físicas dos nomeados e pouco se relacionam com suas atuações profissionais.The name signs attributed in the academic context: an Anthroponomical approachAbstract This work is part of the ongoing research project called “Brazilian Sign Language Onomastic Studies”, and its purpose is to analyze the assignment of a name sign to some authors/researchers, whose name signs were searched in the Manuário Acadêmico e Escolar prepared by the National Institute of Deaf Education. Such research is part of the onomastic studies of sign languages, since in many sign language communities, it is common to assign a sign so that the individual can be recognized as part of that group. This sign, called “name signs”, uses visual characteristics and is always motivated. It is noted that name signs are also assigned to people who are not part of the deaf community, but who need to be constantly referenced, such as researchers, authors, philosophers, etc., related to the academic environment. For such analysis, we will use the taxonomy proposed by Barros (2018), which identified four main taxes to classify a name sign: Oral language loan, Physical appearance, Behavioral aspect and Social aspect. As preliminary results, we can observe that most of the signal assignments are related to physical characteristics of the nominees and little to their professional performance.Keywords: Sign language; Anthroponomastics; Name signs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Ronice Müller de Quadros ◽  
Alexandre Melo de Sousa

Abstract: This paper draws on the theoretical methodological proposal of a Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) corpus to be developed under the scope of the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) Inventory in the region of Rio Branco municipality, in the State of Acre project. First, we address some issues regarding corpus definitions and characteristics, some aspects of Libras, and documentation of sign languages. Second, we address the methodology used in gathering, transcription and analysis of data from Brazilian Sign Language Inventory focusing on the Region of Rio Branco – Acre, shedding light on the contributions of the gathered data to identification, recognition, valuing, and documentation of the Brazilian Sign Language in use in the State of Acre.Keywords: Inventory; Brazilian Sign Language (Libras); Rio Branco; Acre.Resumo: Este artigo se baseia na proposta teórico-metodológica de um corpus de Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) a ser desenvolvido no âmbito do projeto Inventário de Língua Brasileira de Sinais na Região do município de Rio Branco, no estado do Acre. Em primeiro lugar, abordamos algumas questões relativas às definições e às características do corpus, alguns aspectos da Libras e documentação das línguas de sinais. Em segundo lugar, abordamos a metodologia utilizada na coleta, transcrição e análise de dados do Inventário Brasileiro de Língua de Sinais com foco na Região de Rio Branco – Acre, destacando as contribuições dos dados coletados para identificação, reconhecimento, valorização e documentação da Língua Brasileira de Sinais em uso no Estado do Acre.Palavras-chave: Inventário; Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras); Rio Branco; Acre.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-226
Author(s):  
Derya Nuhbalaoglu

Studies on global and local discourse have shown that sign languages indeed allow for occurrence of referentially unanchored pronominal index (ıx) signs referring to non-present antecedents to appear in ambiguous contexts. In local contexts, resolving the reference of these expressions has been suggested to either depend on a modality-specific anaphora resolution mechanism (localization) or on the next mention bias (first/second mention preference) influencing the salience of the referents. This paper presents a two-alternative forced choice referent selection task investigating the impact of a default localization pattern on the interpretation of referentially unanchored pronominal ix sign, in the local discourse with two competing antecedents. To do that, comparative response data was collected from right- and left-handed signers of German Sign Language (DGS) and Turkish Sign Language (TİD). Results provide evidence for second-mention or object preference for pronominal ix in both languages. In addition, the default localization pattern is identified only in restricted environments (i.e., with reciprocal verbs) to resolve pronominal reference. This modality-specific means is shown to be subject to variation across two unrelated sign languages under investigation. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------RESOLVENDO A REFERÊNCIA PRONOMINAL EM CONTEXTOS LOCAIS: UMA TAREFA DE SELEÇÃO DE REFERENTESEstudos existentes sobre discursos globais e locais mostram que as línguas de sinais claramente permitem que os sinais de apontação (ıx) pronominais referenciais não-ancorados referindo-se a antecedentes ausentes possam ocorrer em contextos ambíguos. Em contextos locais, sugere-se que a resolução da referência dessas expressões dependeriam tanto de um mecanismo de resolução anafórica específico da modalidade visual (localização), bem como de uma tendência de que a próxima menção (uma preferência pela primeira/segunda menção) influenciasse na saliência dos referentes que serão retomados. Este artigo apresenta uma tarefa de seleção de referentes feita obrigatoriamente a partir de duas alternativas que teve por objetivo investigar o impacto do padrão de localização default na interpretação do sinal de apontação pronominal referencial não-ancorado no discurso local, tendo como competidores, dois potenciais antecedentes. Para realizar tal tarefa, comparamos os dados obtidos das respostas de sinalizadores destros e canhotos da Língua de Sinais Alemã (DGS) e da Língua de Sinais Turca (TİD). Os resultados evidenciam que ıx pronominal retoma preferencialmente o segundo referente mencionado ou o objeto em ambas as línguas. Ainda, identificamos que o padrão de localização default só resolve a referência pronominal em ambientes restritos (ex: com verbos recíprocos). Mostramos que este modo de resolver a referência pronominal é específico da modalidade visual e está sujeito à variação paramétrica nas duas línguas de sinais investigadas, que não possuem relação de familiaridade.---Original em inglês.


2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-305
Author(s):  
Marilyn Mafra Klamt

ABSTRACT The idea of sonority in sign languages was treated by Perlmutter (1992) as perceptibility, a property of a segment that uses movement rather than one in which the hands stay in the same position. Sandler (1993) states that the visual salience of movement in sign languages plays a role similar to sonority in spoken languages. For Brentari (1998), perceptually, a sign is visible from considerable distances, and measurement of its visual sonority is based on the joints involved in its production. This work focuses on visual sonority in literature in Brazilian Sign Language and considers the relevance of manual and non-manual elements, rhythm, symmetry, the scale of signs, and the effect of video on this concept. Two signed stories “The King’s Parrot” and “Little Ping Pong Ball” were analysed, highlighting specific signs in which the use of joints, non-manual features, and other resources are influenced by the size of the performance space and the distance of the audience from the signing. Three types of ‘sonority’ were observed: in the movement of the whole body on the stage, in the size of arms and trunk movement, and in the hands. In addition to the joints, non-manual features, rhythm and symmetry play an important role in visual sonority and influence the viewer’s experience.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 92-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyo Takagi

In naturally occurring everyday caregiver–child interaction, a major part of what is hearable as storytelling or an incipient form of it is talk about participants’ (mostly children’s) past experiences. Adopting a conversation-analytic approach, this study attempts to show how explicit references to children’s past actions formulated in the form of [(X) did (Y)], where X is the young child interacting with the caregiver, can engender opportunities for participants to develop telling activities. Through the detailed analysis of talk and embodied features of telling sequences in each case, the analysis will reveal how the [(X) did (Y)]-format utterance is utilized for co-constructing the telling, and what social and interactional consequences are accomplished through the telling occasioned by such reference.


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