scholarly journals Effect of riboflavine deficiency on nucleic acid metabolism of liver in the rat

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay K. Chatterjee ◽  
Amitabha D. Roy ◽  
B. B. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Dna Content ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Ribonuclease Activity ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Dna Contents ◽  
Protein Free Diet ◽  
Rna And Dna

1. The effect of riboflavine deficiency on liver ribonuclease activity, RNA and DNA content, and 32P incorporation into RNA and DNA has been studied in rats maintained on a 16% protein diet, a protein-free diet and on a protein-free diet subsequently replaced with a 40% protein diet.2. Rats maintained on a riboflavine-deficient diet for 45 days showed decreased incorporation of 32P into liver RNA but no effect on the RNA content of liver. The concentration of DNA in liver and 33P incorporation into it remained unaffected. After a deficiency period of 70 days, both the RNA and DNA contents of liver were found to be decreased. When the riboflavine-deficient or control rats were given the protein diet for 30 days and then a proteinfree diet for 15 days, the RNA content of their livers decreased, while the liver DNA content was increased. Repletion with a 40% protein diet restored the RNA and DNA content in both control and riboflavine-deficient rats.3. Liver ribonuclease activity was decreased after a deficiency period of 45 days, whereas it was increased after a deficiency period of 70 days.4. A correlation between liver RNA level and liver ribonuclease activity in riboflavine deficiency is suggested.

THE EFFECT OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIN ON THE NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM OF THE RAT ADRENAL GLAND

1965 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. IMRIE ◽  
T. R. RAMAIAH ◽  
F. ANTONI ◽  
W. C. HUTCHISON
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Prolonged Administration ◽  
Total Rna ◽  
Rna And Dna

SUMMARY Treatment of female rats with adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) increased the RNA content of the adrenal glands progressively during a period of 3 days, the DNA content increased only after prolonged administration. By contrast, ACTH caused a decrease in the uptake of [32P]orthophosphate into the total RNA of the gland and into most of the RNA fractions of the subcellular components. A method of analysis for RNA and DNA based on the Schmidt-Thannhauser procedure has been evolved which eliminates extraction of nucleic acid by lipid solvents.

scholarly journals GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF POLIOVIRUS IN HELA CELLS: NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM

1957 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Maassab ◽  
Philip C. Loh ◽  
W. Wilbur Ackermann
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Hela Cell ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cytoplasmic Component ◽  
Dna Contents ◽  
Infectious Cycle ◽  
Rna And Dna

The RNA and DNA contents of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the HeLa cell were determined. The rates of incorporation of P32 into the various nucleic acid fractions were established for the ordinary HeLa cell maintained under a set of standard conditions. The changes in the rates of incorporation of P32 and in the amounts of RNA and DNA which occurred subsequent to infection with poliovirus were followed throughout the infectious cycle. These changes were correlated with the intracellular appearance of the newly formed virus. A net synthesis of RNA occurred in the cytoplasmic component of the cell. The increase was detectable 2 hours before the first appearance of demonstrable virus and reached a maximum (2.5 times normal) at 6 hours. Viral increase was not maximal before the 7th hour after infection.

Picloram Sensitivity and Nucleic Acids in Plants

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Malhotra ◽  
J. B. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Total Rna ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Rna And Dna

The changes in the nucleic acid metabolism were studied in plants susceptible and resistant to 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram). The total RNA and DNA content of the tissue correlated inversely with the herbicide resistance; the resistant plants were low in nucleic acids, whereas sensitive plants were high. The increase in the nucleic acids of the sensitive species 24 hr after picloram treatment appeared to be associated with lower levels of ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease. The inability of the resistant species to make more RNA may be associated with high levels of nucleases in the tissue.

Zinc and Acrodermatitis Enteropathica

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disease ◽  
Dna Polymerases ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Acrodermatitis Enteropathica ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Zinc Metalloenzymes ◽  
Rna And Dna

Mammalian zinc metalloenzymes include alkaline phosphatase. Zinc plays a crucial role in nucleic acid metabolism. RNA and DNA polymerases and thymidine kinase are zinc-dependent enzymes. Zinc deficiency in North America is most clearly seen in the disease acrodermatitis enteropathica. This is an autosomal recessive disease due to a zinc metabolic error—not well defined—which leads to zinc deficiency. Clinical manifestations include a rash around orifices, alopecia, and diarrhea. The laboratory can demonstrate hypozincemia and hypozincuria. Clinical and biochemical remission occurs with oral zinc administration.(R.H.R.)

scholarly journals The regulation of protein synthesis in the liver of rats. Mechanisms of dietary amino acid control in the immature animal

1968 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Wannemacher ◽  
W. K. Cooper ◽  
M. B. Yatvin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Cytoplasmic Rna

Weanling (23-day-old) rats were fed either on an amino acid-deficient diet (6% of casein, which in effect represents an ‘amino acid-deficient’ diet) or on a diet containing an adequate amount of protein (18% of casein) for 28 days. The hepatic cells from the animals fed on the low-protein diet were characterized by low amino acid content, almost complete inhibition of cell proliferation and a marked decrease in cell volume, protein content and concentration of cytoplasmic RNA compared with cells from control rats. The lower concentration of cytoplasmic RNA was correlated with a decreased ribosomal-RNA content, of which a larger proportion was in the form of free ribosomes. The protein-synthetic competence and messenger-RNA content of isolated ribosomes from liver cells of protein-deprived animals were 40–50% of those noted in controls. At 1hr. after an injection of radioactive uridine, the specific radioactivity of liver total RNA was greater in the group fed on the low-protein diet, but the amount of label that was associated with cytoplasmic RNA or ribosomes was significantly less than that noted in control animals. From these data it was concluded that dietary amino acids regulate hepatic protein synthesis (1) by affecting the ability of polyribosomes to synthesize protein and (2) by influencing the concentration of cytoplasmic ribosomes. It is also tentatively hypothesized that the former process may be directly related to the concentration of cellular free amino acids, whereas the latter could be correlated with the ability of newly synthesized ribosomal sub-units to leave the nucleus.

THE EFFECTS OF CORTISOL ON THE INCORPORATION OF GLYCINE CARBON INTO THE NUCLEIC ACIDS OF NORMAL AND MALIGNANT TISSUES

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
W. de Loecker
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Rna And Dna ◽  
Different Tissues ◽  
Hepatoma Tissue

ABSTRACT Normal and hepatoma bearing rats were treated with cortisol in order to study the effect of adrenal steroids on nucleic acid metabolism of different tissues. Normal liver, precancerous liver, hepatoma nodules and skeletal muscle were used in these experiments. The incorporation of 14C from glycine-2-14C into RNA and DNA fractions of different tissues was examined. The incorporation of glycine carbon into RNA of normal and precancerous liver was found to be stimulated by cortisol treatment. The RNA fraction of hepatoma tissue of non treated animals showed a higher incorporation level than that observed in liver, but incorporation was drastically inhibited by cortisol. The DNA fraction of hepatoma tissue showed a higher incorporation than the DNA fraction from the other tissues examined, and followed the same incorporation pattern as RNA. The incorporation of 14C into the nucleic acids of skeletal muscle was not affected by cortisol treatment.

scholarly journals Nucleic acid metabolism in the ruminant

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Mcallan ◽  
R. H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid Solution ◽  
Rna And Dna

1. Procedures, based on those of Schmidt & Thannhauser (1945) and Schneider (1945), for the extraction and estimation of nucleic acids in bovine digesta were examined in detail.2. Final methods which were suitable for routine determination of RNA and DNA were essentially as follows. Digesta samples were extracted in the cold, first with a solution of trichloroacetic acid in ethanol, then with aqueous trichloroacetic acid solution and finally with lipid solvents. The dried residue was hydrolysed with alkali, purified by passage through a Dowex resin, and the RNA, in the form of mononucleotides, determined by U.V. absorption. DNA was determined separately in hot perchloric acid extracts of the original dried residue by colorimetric estimation of the deoxyribose content.

Immunohistochemical detection of changes in growth hormone cells in rat pituitaries in protein deficiency

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Gh Cells ◽  
Protein Free Diet ◽  
Cell Changes

1. An immunohistochemical method was used to study the effect of a low-protein diet on growth hormone (GH) cells in the pituitaries of developing rats. The deficient diet (80 g protein/kg) was administered during gestation and lactation, or during the time after weaning until 90 d of age, or during both periods.2. GH-cell changes were much more striking in males than in females.3. In males, GH-producing cells were usually reduced in size and number in all treatments. The effect was most intense when protein deprivation occurred throughout gestation and sucking, and continued until 90 d of age, but it was also evident in animals given the low protein diet only after weaning. Recuperation appeared to be almost complete when offspring of deprived dams were fed on a normal diet after weaning.4. It is concluded that a low-protein diet reduces the amount of GH in the rat pituitary in a way similar to that with a protein-free diet.

scholarly journals Nucleic acid metabolism in the ruminant

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Smith ◽  
A. B. Mcallan
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rna And Dna ◽  
Constant Percentage

1. Concentrations of nucleic acid nitrogen and other nitrogenous constituents were estimated in digesta taken from the proximal duodenum of calves which were given, either, one of a number of stall diets or pasture. These concentrations were compared, using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a non-absorbed marker, with corresponding concentrations in rumen fluid and ileal contents.2. There was little net change in amounts of RNA or DNA between rumen and duodenum relative to PEG, but there was a marked increase in amounts of total-N. In duodenal digesta, for any one animal given most diets, nucleic acid-N formed a fairly constant percentage (8–11 for different animals) of the total non-ammonia-N. This value was lower (by about 3) than the corresponding percentage in rumen fluid. Comparison of nucleic acid-N: total-N ratios in duodenal contents and bacteria suggested that, for these diets, about 40–55% of the non-ammonia-N in duodenal contents was of microbial origin.3. During passage of digesta between the duodenum and ileum the mean percentage disappearances of total-N, RNA and DNA were estimated to be about 67, 85 and 75 respectively. There was evidence that these values varied with the amounts of the constituents entering the duodenum.4. Ammonia was absorbed in the omasum-abomasum only when concentrations in rumen fluid were high (40 mM), but even moderate concentrations of ammonia entering the duodenum (3 mM) were efficiently absorbed (about 90%) in the small intestine.

EFFECT OF PROLACTIN ON NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM DURING LACTOGENESIS IN THE RABBIT

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. SIMPSON ◽  
G. H. SCHMIDT
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Intraductal Injection ◽  
Rna And Dna Synthesis ◽  
Rna And Dna

SUMMARY Lactogenesis was initiated by intraductal injection of prolactin into individual lobes of rabbit mammary glands previously developed by injections of oestrogen and progesterone. Nucleic acid metabolism was assessed at various times after prolactin treatment. A systemic pulse of [3H]thymidine or [3H]uridine was used to determine the specific effects of prolactin treatment on RNA and DNA synthesis and metabolism. Prolactin increased the rate of RNA synthesis. It is suggested that prolactin enhanced both the rate of RNA movement from the nucleus, and its rate of metabolism in the cytoplasm. The greatest increase in the rate of synthesis occurred in non-ribosomal RNA. Subsequent to its effect on RNA, prolactin enhanced DNA synthesis. Total RNA per cell increased as indicated by an increased RNA:DNA ratio. These changes are considered to be specifically due to the local action of prolactin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document