Trichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
North America ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Southern Asia ◽  
Seed Rot ◽  
Clean Seed

Abstract T. padwickii, previously known as Alternaria padwickii, is an asexually reproducing fungus that infects seeds of rice [Oryza sativa]. It is one of several fungi responsible for seed discolouration, seed rot and seedling blight, but has also been detected as a sheath-rotting pathogen (Naeimi et al., 2003). It occurs in southern Asia and in countries on other continents worldwide, but its presence in mainland North America is not confirmed. Transport to and transmission in new areas may be prevented by use of tested clean seed. Where the pathogen is already present, application of seed treatments should reduce disease incidence, but the fungus has an undetermined ability to survive as sclerotia in plant debris and soil.

Gibberella fujikuroi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Pokkah Boeng ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Seed Rot ◽  
Sorghum Seedling

Abstract A description is provided for Gibberella fujikuroi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On several hosts of economic importance in the Gramineae; also on a very wide range of hosts represented by the following families: Amarantaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Betulaceae, Bromeliaceae, Buxaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Coniferae, Cruciferae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Iridaceae, Lauraceae, Leguminosae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Malvaceae, Marantaceae, Moraceae, Musaceae, Palmae, Polemoniaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae (14: 708; 31: 515; 36: 501; 40: 89 and Herb. IMI). DISEASES: Causing seedling bright, food rot, stunting and hypertrophy of shoots ('bakanae') of rice; associated with seed rot, seedling blight, ear rot, root and stalk rot of maize and sorghum; stem rot and top rot ('pokkah boeng') of sugar-cane (also reported on sorghum); seedling blight, root rot and pink boll of cotton and seedling blight of wheat. Also recorded causing wilt in Crotalaria and decay to fruit of banana, pineapple and tomato. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in both humid and sub-humid temperate zones and extending into sub-topical and tropical zones in Africa, Asia, Australasia & Oceania, Europe, Central America & West Indies, and North & South America (CMI Map 102, Ed.3). TRANSMISSION: Both seed and soil-borne (13: 262) as well as by air-borne spores produced on over-wintered plant debris where the pathogen may retain its viability for over two years (12: 532).

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium temperatum Causing Maize Seedling Blight and Seed Rot in North America

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Lanza ◽  
D. A. Mayfield ◽  
G. P. Munkvold
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Maize Seedling ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
First Report ◽  
Fusarium Temperatum ◽  
Seed Rot

scholarly journals Incidence and distribution of Sweetpotato viruses and their implication on sweetpotato seed system in Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willard Mbewe ◽  
Andrew Mtonga ◽  
Margret Chiipanthenga ◽  
Kennedy Masamba ◽  
Gloria Chitedze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Membrane Enzyme ◽  
Sweet Potato Virus ◽  
Seed System ◽  
Clean Seed

AbstractA survey was carried out in 19 districts to investigate the prevalence and distribution of sweetpotato virus disease (SPVD) and its implication on the sustainability of clean seed system in Malawi. A total of 166 leaf samples were collected and tested for the presence of 8 viruses using nitrocellulose membrane enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NCM-ELISA). SPVD foliar symptoms were observed in 68.42% of the surveyed districts. There were significant variations in disease incidence and severity (p < 0.001) among districts, with the highest incidence in Mulanje (28.34%). Average SPVD severity score was 3.05. NCM-ELISA detected sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV, 30.54%), sweet potato mild mottle virus (SPMMV, 31.14%), sweet potato mild speckling virus (SPMSV, 16.17%), sweet potato C-6 virus (SPC6V, 13.77%), sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV, 22.16%), sweet potato collusive virus (SPCV, 30.54%), sweet potato virus G (SPVG, 11.38%), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, 7.78%) either in single or mixed infections. Data from this study indicate a significant SPVD occurrence in the country, and the consequence implications towards national sweetpotato seed system.

Burkholderia glumae. [Distribution map].

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Central America ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Burkholderia Glumae ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Burkholderia glumae (Kurita & Tabei) Urakami et al. Proteobacteria: Burkholderiales. Hosts: rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Cambodia, China, Hainan, Japan, Korea Republic, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam), Africa (Burkina Faso, Tanzania), North America (USA, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas), Central America & Caribbean (Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Panama), South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela).

Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Buxus blight).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Full Extent ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Asexual Species ◽  
Shoot Blight ◽  
The Uk

Abstract C. pseudonaviculata is an asexual species in a genus of common ascomycete plant pathogens. It was identified relatively recently in the UK, as an introduced species causing a devastating shoot blight of boxwood [Buxus spp.] plants that are commonly used in gardens and landscaping. The full extent of its host range is not known, but Buxus spp. from different continents were found to be susceptible (Henricot et al., 2008). It was placed on the EPPO Alert list in 2004, as it appeared to be spreading to the mainland (EPPO, 2009a), and removed from the list in 2008. This pathogen has been reported from additional European countries in recent years, and may have been transported in asymptomatic infected plants or propagating materials. It survives well in plant debris and probably also in soil.

Sarocladium oryzae. [Distribution map].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) W. Gams and D. Hawksw. Hosts: Oryza sativa, Bambusa spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Burundi, Gambia, Kenya, Madagascar, Nigeria, ASIA, Bangladesh, Brunei, China, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, India, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, NORTH AMERICA, USA, LA Mexico, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil.

Khuskia oryzae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Diurnal Periodicity ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Rare Phenomenon ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract A description is provided for Khuskia oryzae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Plurivorous, especially on monocotyledons and particularly on Oryza sativa, Saccharum officinarum, Zea mays and Musa spp. DISEASE: Causes cob and stalk rot of maize (11: 711; 12: 20; 13: 299, 571; 43, 3205; 44, 2123) and on sorghum as stem and grain infection (43, 727); it is common on banana debris in the western hemisphere and can cause discolouration in rice irain. On maize, symptoms develop towards maturity mostly on the shanks, husks and ears but also on the stems and stalks, where blackish, shallow lesions can occur. Ears may snap off at harvest; the cob becomes shredded and rotten through disintegration of the parenchyma, sparse mycelium and sporulation develop in the furrows between kernels and on the seed itself. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread, principally as a member of the saprophytic flora on plant debris in warmer areas. TRANSMISSION: Infection of seed reduces its quality rather than causing the fungus to be really seed-borne. A diurnal periodicity has been reported for Nigrospora sphaerica and K. oryzae, with a peak at 0800-1000 hr, in the tropics (35: 383; 41: 242). Violent spore discharge, a rare phenomenon in the hyphomycetes, has been described for N. sphaerica (31: 56).

Arthrinium phaeospermum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Arthrinium Phaeospermum

Abstract A description is provided for Arthrinium phaeospermum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Agropyron, Ammophila, Anona, Araucaria, Arundinaria, Arachis, Argemone, Arrhenatherum, Arundo, Bambusa, Brassica, Bromus, Calamagrostis, Carex, Cocos, Citrus, Cladium, Coelogyne, Coffea, Cortaderia, Cratueva, Dactylis, Dendrocalamus, Dioscorea, Eleusine, Elymus, Fagus, Fragaria, Glyceria, Gynerium, Hedera, Hordeum, Justicia, Lens, Liriope, Lycopersicon, Magnolia, Malus, Maranta, Musa, Nicotiana, Oryza, Panicum, Persea, Phalaris, Phaseolus, Pinus, Pisum, Phragmites, Phyllostachys, Picea, Pinus, Piper, Prunus, Psamma, Pteridium, Ranwolfia, Saccharum, Smilax, Solanum, Sorghum, Tectona, Theobroma, Trifolium, Triticum, Valeriana, Vigna, Vitis, Zea; also from air, animals (including man), soil and plant debris, straw, silage and wood. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader (of potato tubers) or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Algeria, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa Spain (Canary Islands), Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Hong Kong, India, Iraq, Japan, Nepal, Pakistan, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia), Philippines, Thailand. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Guadalcanal, New Zealand. EUROPE: Cyprus, Eire, Germany, Greece, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, UK. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Burkholdera glumae. [Distribution map].

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Burkholderia Glumae ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Burkholderia glumae (Kurita & Tabei) Urakami et al. Betaproteobacteria: Burkholderiales: Burkholderiaceae. Hosts: rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Burkina Faso, South Africa, Tanzania), Asia (Cambodia, China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Shandong, India, Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Indonesia, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Korea Republic, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam), North America (Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, USA, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas), South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela).

Entyloma oryzae. [Distribution map].

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
West Indies ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Entyloma oryzae H. & P. Syd. Hosts: Rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Sierra, ASIA, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China (Kiang-Su, Sze-chwan), Hong Kong, India (Bihar, West Bengal, Maharastra, Madras, Orissa), Japan, Korea, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia, Papua New Guinea, EUROPE, France, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Cuba, Dominican Republic, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina (Tucuman), Colombia, Guyana, Surinam, Venezuela.

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