Rumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements
Keyword(s):  
Early Growth ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Basal Leaf ◽  
Rumex Acetosella ◽  
Single Crown ◽  
Multiple Stems

Abstract R. acetosella is perennial, reproducing by both creeping roots and seed. It has relatively shallow, extensive slender roots. Early growth is as basal rosettes of leaves. Leaves are 1-8 cm long, smooth, variable in shape but primarily consisting of three lobes, primary lobe is linear to egg-shaped terminating in a point; two secondary lobes appear at the base of the primary lobe and point outwards giving an arrowhead-shape appearance to the leaves which are sour in taste. It has long basal leaf stalks and short-stalked to sessile leaves on the upper stem; a membranous sheath (modified stipules) surrounds the stem above the leaf base. Multiple stems can appear from a single crown growing upright, 15-40 cm in height, slender, branching near the top to form a loose leafless panicle. Flowers are unisexual with male and female appearing on separate plants (dioecious). Males have six stamens on short filaments, females have three styles with branched stellate stigma. Flowers consist of three inner and three outer tepals, appearing red to yellowish, borne on raceme near the top of the stem. Flower stalks are jointed close to the flower. Seeds are three sided (achenes), ca. 1.5 mm in length, shiny reddish brown in colour. A reddish brown hull often adheres to the seed and is rough in texture (Buchholtz et al., 1954; Hitchcock and Cronquist, 1981; Gleason and Cronquist, 1991; Pojar and MacKinnon, 1994; Douglas et al., 1999).

scholarly journals Sex influence on genetic expressions of early growth in Afshari lambs

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ghafouri-Kesbi ◽  
D. R. Notter
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract. Very little is known about the genetic aspects of sexual dimorphism of body weight in domestic sheep, and therefore this study was conducted to quantify the genetic basis of sexual dimorphism for early-growth-related traits in Afshari lambs. Traits evaluated included birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), and growth rate (GR) in male and female lambs. Male lambs were 6.6 % heavier at birth, had 14.4 % higher preweaning growth rates and were 16.0 % heavier at weaning compared to female lambs. Levels of sexual-size dimorphism (SSD), expressed as the ratio of male to female means, for BW, WW and GR were 1.07, 1.14 and 1.15, respectively, which indicated low levels of SSD in the traits studied. Fixed effects of year of birth and type of birth interacted with sex effects, with greater variability in birth and weaning weights among years and birth types in male lambs, suggesting greater environmental sensitivity in the males. Bivariate animal models and restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedures were used to estimate phenotypic variances and their genetic and non-genetic components in male and female lambs. Estimates of the direct heritability (h2) and additive coefficient of variation (CVA) for BW were higher in males. However, for WW and GR, heritability estimates were higher in females. In contrast, whereas the contribution of maternal permanent environmental effects (c2) to variation of BW was higher in females, for WW and GR higher estimates of c2 were observed in males. Respective genetic and maternal permanent environmental correlations between records on males and females were 0.986 and 0.723 for BW, 0.995 and 0.983 for WW, and 0.995 and 0.966 for GR, indicating possible sexual dimorphism only for maternal effects on BW. Based on an approximate 95 % confidence interval, none of the observed differences in variance components between sexes differed from zero and none of the observed genetic or maternal correlations differed from 1.0, indicating no need or opportunity for sex-specific selection strategies.

Responses to moisture stress in male and female plants of Rumex acetosella L. (Polygonaceae)

Oecologia ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess K. Zimmerman ◽  
Martin J. Lechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Rumex Acetosella

scholarly journals Early growth in male and female fallow deer fawns

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Birgersson ◽  
Kenneth Ekvall
Keyword(s):  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Male And Female

Genotype × environment interactions for early growth and ultrasonic measurements in hill sheep

1996 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Bishop ◽  
J. Conington ◽  
A. Waterhouse ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Performance ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Improved Pasture

AbstractGenotype × environment and genotype × sex interactions were investigated using lines of Scottish Blackface sheep that had been divergently selected under intensive husbandry conditions for predicted carcass lean proportion, and offspring of rams from these selection lines which were reared under extensive hill conditions. Traits considered were live weight and ultrasonic fat and muscle depth. These were measured at 20 weeks of age on the intensively reared lambs and at 17 weeks of age on the extensively reared animals. Heritabilities for the two environments were 0-39 and 0-20 for fat depth, 0-36 and 0-25 for muscle depth and 0-23 and 0-12 for live weight. Genetic correlations between the environments were 0-54 (s.e. 0-17), 0-90 (s.e. 0-14) and 0-11 (s.e. 0-43) for fat depth, muscle depth and live weight, respectively. The extensive environment may be subdivided according to whether the lambs are reared on improved pasture or on the hill side. The genetic correlations (with s.e.s where estimable) between performance in these two environments were 0-70 (s.e. 0-33), 0-71 (s.e. 0-23) and 1-00 for fat depth, muscle depth and live weight. Genetic correlations between male and female performance under extensive conditions were 0-84 (s.e. 0-28), 0-99 (s.e. 0-14) and 1-00 for fat depth, muscle depth and live weight. T-or fat depth, the genetic correlations of the intensively reared lambs (males only) with extensively reared females and males were 0-37 (s.e. 0-22) and 0-67 (s.e. 0-17), respectively.

scholarly journals Early growth, dominance acquisition and lifetime reproductive success in male and female cooperative meerkats

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (13) ◽  
pp. 4401-4407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinead English ◽  
Elise Huchard ◽  
Johanna F. Nielsen ◽  
Tim H. Clutton-Brock
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Lifetime Reproductive Success ◽  
Male And Female

The Clinical, Roentgenological and Morphological Effects of an Acute Exposure of Phosgene on the Lungs of Dogs

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
R. F. Bils ◽  
W. F. Diller ◽  
F. Huth
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Phosgene still plays an important role as a toxic substance in the chemical industry. Thiess (1968) recently reported observations on numerous cases of phosgene poisoning. A serious difficulty in the clinical handling of phosgene poisoning cases is a relatively long latent period, up to 12 hours, with no obvious signs of severity. At about 12 hours heavy lung edema appears suddenly, however changes can be seen in routine X-rays taken after only a few hours' exposure (Diller et al., 1969). This study was undertaken to correlate these early changes seen by the roengenologist with morphological alterations in the lungs seen in the'light and electron microscopes.Forty-two adult male and female Beagle dogs were selected for these exposure experiments. Treated animals were exposed to 94.5-107-5 ppm phosgene for 10 min. in a 15 m3 chamber. Roentgenograms were made of the thorax of each animal before and after exposure, up to 24 hrs.

Ultrastructural investigation of spontaneous pituitary gonadotroph cell adenomas in aging Sprague-Dawley rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 702-703
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reticulin Fibers ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Gonadotroph cell adenomas of the pituitary are infrequent in human patients and are not invariably associated with altered gonadal function. To date, no animal model of this tumor type exists. Herein, we describe spontaneous gonadotroph cell adenomas in old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by histology, immunocytology and electron microscopy.The material consisted of the pituitaries of 27 male and 38 female Sprague Dawley rats, all 26 months of age or older, removed at routine autopsy. Sections of formal in-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue were stained with hematoxylin-phloxine-saffron (HPS), the PAS method and the Gordon-Sweet technique for the demonstration of reticulin fibers. For immunostaining, sections were exposed to anti-rat β-LH, anti-ratβ-TSH, anti-rat PRL, anti-rat GH and anti-rat ACTH 1-39. For electron microscopy, tissue was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 1% OsO4 and embedded in epoxy-resin. Tissue fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in epoxy resin without osmification, was used for immunoelectron microscopy.

Observations oh Nucleation and Growth of Voids in Nickel

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 414-415
Author(s):  
J. L. Brimhall ◽  
H. E. Kissinger ◽  
B. Mastel
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Pure Nickel ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Total Fluence ◽  
Neutron Exposure ◽  
Growth Of Voids

Some information on the size and density of voids that develop in several high purity metals and alloys during irradiation with neutrons at elevated temperatures has been reported as a function of irradiation parameters. An area of particular interest is the nucleation and early growth stage of voids. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the microstructure in high purity nickel after irradiation to a very low but constant neutron exposure at three different temperatures.Annealed specimens of 99-997% pure nickel in the form of foils 75μ thick were irradiated in a capsule to a total fluence of 2.2 × 1019 n/cm2 (E > 1.0 MeV). The capsule consisted of three temperature zones maintained by heaters and monitored by thermocouples at 350, 400, and 450°C, respectively. The temperature was automatically dropped to 60°C while the reactor was down.

Quantitative ultrastructural reconstruction of small regions within large volumes by correlative light and high voltage electron microscopy of serial 0.25-0.50 μm sections

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 578-581
Author(s):  
Conly L. Rieder ◽  
Frederick J. Miller ◽  
Edwin Davison ◽  
Samuel S. Bowser ◽  
Kirsten Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Meiotic Spindle ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
Differential Stability ◽  
Sperm Aster

In this abstract we Illustrate how same-section correlative light and high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) of serial 0.25-0.50-μm sections can answer questions which are difficult to approach by EM of 60-100 nm sections.Starfish (Pisaster and Asterlas) eggs are fertilized at meiosis I when the oocyte contains two maternal centrosomes (e.g., asters) which form the poles of the first meiotic spindle. Immediately after fertilization a sperm aster is assembled in the vicinity of the male pronucleus and persists throughout meiosis. At syngamy the sperm aster splits to form the poles of the first mitotic spindle. During this time the functional and replicative properties of the maternal centrosome, inherited from the last meiotic division, are lost. The basis for this differential stability, of male and female centrosomes in the same cytoplasm, is a mystery.

A Tape Striation Counting Method for Determining Fundamental Frequency

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Mueller ◽  
Marla Adams ◽  
Jean Baehr-Rouse ◽  
Debbie Boos
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Counting Method ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies ◽  
Counting Procedure ◽  
Female Subjects

Mean fundamental frequencies of male and female subjects obtained with FLORIDA I and a tape striation counting procedure were compared. The fundamental frequencies obtained with these two methods were similar and it appears that the tape striation counting procedure is a viable, simple, and inexpensive alternative to more costly and complicated procedures and instrumentation.

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