Absidia corymbifera. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lunn
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Absidia Corymbifera ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues

Abstract A description is provided for Absidia corymbifera. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A common saprophyte found in air, soil, compost and vegetable debris; pathogenic for man and other warmblooded animals. DISEASE: This is the most commonly reported cause of phycomycosis in man and other warm-blooded animals (causing mycoses). It has been recorded from infections of most organs of the body, including the alimentary tract, brain, kidneys, lungs, lymph nodes, orbit, sinus, subcutaneous tissues of various hosts. The host range includes man, cattle (RMVM 9, 986), dog (RMVM 7, 215, 216), flamingo (RMVM 6, 1575), fowl, guineapig (RMVM 2, 1721), mink (Ainsworth & Austwick, 1973), okapi (RMVM 6, 575), penguin, pig (RMVM 11, 407), rabbit, reindeer and roedeer. It also causes mycotic abortion and mastitis in cattle. It has been used in studies on experimental phycomycosis in mice (RMVM 11, 954, 1560) and rabbits (RMVM 7, 2628). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne sporangiospores.

Mucor pusillus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lunn
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Storage Pests ◽  
Subsequent Loss

Abstract A description is provided for Mucor pusillus[Rhizomucor pusillus]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On soil, air, mushroom compost, stored barley, fermenting cacao, bagasse, birds' nests and pathogenic to man and other warm-blooded animals (causing mycoses). DISEASE: Plants: causes storage rot and subsequent loss of stored grain which can be controlled by preventing heating of grain by adequate drying and ventilation and prevention of storage pests which often initiate heating and subsequent moulding. Man and animals: A commonly reported cause of phycomycosis in man and other warm blooded animals. It has been recorded from infections of many organs of the body including the alimentary tract, brain, heart, lungs, lymph nodes and nasopharynx of various hosts. The host range includes man (RMVM 2, 690; 9, 984, 469), cattle (RMVM 9, 473; 10, 1970), dog, harp seal (RMVM 3, 1664), horse (RMVM 3, 1249), pig, sheep (Borodenok, 1961) and wild fowl. It also causes mycotic abortion in cattle. It has been used in studies on experimental phycomycosis in mice (RMVM 3, 1566; 2, 1916), rabbits (RMVM 7, 4027; 2, 690), guineapig (RMVM 2, 690) and fowl (RMVM 7, 863). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Probably world-wide. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne spores.

Eurotium rubrum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Human Nails

Abstract A description is provided for Eurotium rubrum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A xerotolerant species with the same host range as E. repens (IMI Sheet 1255). DISEASES: Not known to be a pathogen of animals or man, but the species has been isolated from human nails (Smith, 1989). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide.

Trichophyton violaceum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tinea Capitis ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
Tinea Unguium ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Trichophyton Violaceum ◽  
Tinea Barbae ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues

Abstract A description is provided for Trichophyton violaceum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Primarily a pathogen of man (causing mycoses). Also recorded from buffalo, cat, cattle, dog and mouse (RMVM 6, 3187; 10, 505). The cat, dog, guineapig, monkey and mouse have been infected experimentally. The horse, fowl and pigeon have been implicated as hosts of T. violaceum. DISEASE: Ringworm (dermatophytosis, tinea). The scalp (tinea capitis), beard (tinea barbae), body (tinea corporis) and nails (tinea unguium, onychomycosis) may be infected. Infected hairs show an endothrix type of invasion and do not fluoresce under Wood's light. The hairs may break and curl producing 'black dots' on the scalp (also sometimes produced by other endothrix Trichophyton species). Inflammatory lesions (occasionally with the development of kerion), scarring and alopecia and, occasionally, favus-like lesions may occur. Infections of the subcutaneous tissues, lymph nodes, brain, bones and other internal tissues have been reported (RMVM 3, 1441; 4, 716; 9, 677; 11, 708; 12, 1847; 13, 961, 1572). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. A dominant cause of scalp ringworm in S. and E. Europe, the Middle East, N. Africa, parts of Central and E. Africa, S. Africa and Asia (RMVM 10, 602; 13, 1558).

Absidia corymbifera. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sarbhoy
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Airborne Spores ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Absidia Corymbifera ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Characteristic Component ◽  
Farm Buildings ◽  
P 53

Abstract A description is provided for Absidia corymbifera. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A common saprophyte in soil, compost and vegetable debris but also pathogenic for man and warm-blooded animals (causing mycoses). DISEASES: This species is a common cause of phycomycosis (syn. 'mucormycosis'). Infection in man may involve the central nervous system (RMVM 1, 341), ear (1, 473) or lung (5, 159); see also Dodge (1936), p. 112; Emmons et al. (1963), p. 194. In cattle it is a cause of mycotic abortion (Ainsworth & Austwick (1959), p. 53; 4, 507) and has been recorded in the rumen (4, 1850), causing abomasal ulcers (Gitter & Austwick, 1959) and also lymph node infection (3, 134). In the guineapig, A. corymbifera can cause an enlargement of the lymph nodes which simulates pseudotuberculosis (2, 1721; Ainsworth & Austwick (1959), p. 48). Infection of mink, fowl (Ainsworth & Austwick (1959), pp. 48-49) and the pig (3, 1249) have been recorded, as has experimental infection of mice (2, 1917). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: Infection occurs from airborne spores which are a characteristic component of the airspora of farm buildings.

Absidia ramosa. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sarbhoy
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Airborne Spores ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Human Ear ◽  
Characteristic Component ◽  
Farm Buildings ◽  
P 53

Abstract A description is provided for Absidia ramosa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A common saprophyte in soil, compost, and vegetable debris but also pathogenic for man and warm-blooded animals (causing mycoses). DISEASES: This species is a common cause of phycomycosis (syn. mucormycosis). It has been recorded from the human ear, the horse (nose) and swine (generalized infection); see Dodge (1936, p. 113). In cattle it is a cause of mycotic abortion (Ainsworth & Austwick, 1959, p. 53) and has been recorded from the rumen (RMVM 4, 1850) and causing abomasal ulcers (Gitter & Austwick, 1957). Infection of the guineapig results in an enlargement of the lymph nodes which simulates pseudotuberculosis (2, 1721; Ainsworth & Austwick, 1959, p. 48). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: Infection occurs from airborne spores which are a characteristic component of the airspora of farm buildings.

Scanning electron microscopy of freeze-fractured prescapular lymph node of caprine

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
O. Faroon ◽  
F. Al-Bagdadi ◽  
T. G. Snider ◽  
C. Titkemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Cellular Constituent ◽  
Scanning Electron

The lymphatic system is very important in the immunological activities of the body. Clinicians confirm the diagnosis of infectious diseases by palpating the involved cutaneous lymph node for changes in size, heat, and consistency. Clinical pathologists diagnose systemic diseases through biopsies of superficial lymph nodes. In many parts of the world the goat is considered as an important source of milk and meat products.The lymphatic system has been studied extensively. These studies lack precise information on the natural morphology of the lymph nodes and their vascular and cellular constituent. This is due to using improper technique for such studies. A few studies used the SEM, conducted by cutting the lymph node with a blade. The morphological data collected by this method are artificial and do not reflect the normal three dimensional surface of the examined area of the lymph node. SEM has been used to study the lymph vessels and lymph nodes of different animals. No information on the cutaneous lymph nodes of the goat has ever been collected using the scanning electron microscope.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF PREDNISOLONE AND ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE (ACTH) ON LYMPHATIC LUNG CLEARANCE AND ON EXPERIMENTAL SILICOSIS

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-337
Author(s):  
Carl-Johan Göthe
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lung Weight ◽  
Lung Clearance ◽  
Dust Transport ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Quartz Dust ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT The effect of three doses of prednisolone and ACTH respectively on the weight of the body, the lungs and the hilar lymph nodes was studied on rats killed one month after the intratracheal (i.t.) injection of 50 mg of fine-particulate quartz. The prednisolone was administered via the drinking water, and the ACTH was injected intraperitoneally during the period between the i.t. injection of quartz dust and the killing of the animals. Prednisolone causes the rats to become cachectic and reduces the weight of the hilar lymph nodes. It also retards the transport of quartz dust from the lungs via the lymphatics. All these effects increase with increasing doses of prednisolone. However, its effect on the lung weight is insignificant. ACTH does not affect the body weight, but retards the weight increase of the lungs and the hilar lymph nodes. These effects increase with increasing doses of ACTH, and seem to be connected with an ability of ACTH to promote the clearance of quartz dust from the lungs and hilar lymph nodes. The method used, however, does not make it possible to differentiate quantitatively between any ACTH effects on the bronchogenie and lymphatic lung-clearance mechanisms. Available data, however, indicate that the stimulation of the dust transport from the lungs and hilar lymph nodes is, at least to some extent, related to the lymphatic system.

scholarly journals Does the possession of virulence factor genes mean that those genes will be active?

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S19-S28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Edberg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Stomach Acid ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Virulence Factor Genes

There are a number of relationships the host can establish with the microbes we ingest. For the vast majority of microbes, they have a short-lived liaison with the human host. Either they are destroyed by the stomach acid or bile, or can not establish even a temporary residency in the gastrointestinal tract. Early in life the mucosal surfaces of the body establishes a resident, and generally stable, normal flora. These normal flora microbes, the majority of which are bacteria, have specific receptors for specific areas of the alimentary tract. If the foreign microbe can establish residency, it then may transiently or permanently become part of the normal flora. However, in order to produce disease, it must possess an additional set of virulence factors. While some of these are known, many are not. Those that are known include enzymes, such as protease, lipase, and esterase. Accordingly, VFAR may not be associated with human disease and its presence or absence has no public health meaning.

Lumps and Bumps in Children

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues

Many lesions involving the skin or subcutaneous tissues alarm parents and, often fearing cancer, they bring their child to a physician. Most lesions are benign and rarely life-threatening. The physician faces the problem of determining which characteristics suggest only observation of a lesion and which make biopsy necessary. Because many lesions have a predilection for certain areas of the body, this is a useful form of categorization (Table 1). On first inspection of a superficial lesion, several questions must be asked, including the known duration, change in size, presence of pain or other signs of inflammation, and any noted multiplicity. The examination includes an accurate measurement of the size and, most importantly, a determination of the level of the lesion. This will help establish the diagnosis and help to determine whether the possibility of malignancy exists. Essentially all lesions originating in the skin of children are benign. Some are obvious, such as a wart, while others may not be so clear-cut, especially if the epidermis is not altered in appearance. Upon palpation of a cutaneous mass, the skin does not move over the surface and puckers when the adjacent skin and tissues are compressed and elevated. If the skin moves freely over the mass, the nature of the lesion is not so readily apparent.

Beauveria bassiana. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. K. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Colorado Beetle ◽  
Porthetria Dispar ◽  
New Skin

Abstract A description is provided for Beauveria bassiana. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS & SUBSTRATA: All stages of insects of all groups; lungs of wild rodents, nasal swab of horse; man; giant tortoise. The fungus overwinters in vegetable matter and is found in the soil. DISEASE: The fungus has been known since 1835 as the cause of the muscardine disease of silkworms. Although B. bassiana has multiplied in bees in laboratory tests it has so far not been recorded from bees in nature (Bailey, 1971). According to Wasti & Hartman (1975) penetration of the cuticle of gypsy moth (Porthetria dispar[Lymantria dispar]) larvae takes place 24 h after 2nd instar larvae have crawled over a culture of B. bassiana and within 64h the interior of the insect is completely filled with hyphae. These authors also note penetration of the gut wall. Fargues & Vey (1974), who sprayed conidia on to 3rd instar larvae of Leptinostarsa decemlineata (Colorado beetle), showed that conidia germinate on the surface of the integument, penetrate the loosening skin, and blastospores develop in the moulting fluid, infecting the new integument as it forms. Some individuals cannot finish the moult, in others the delicate new skin ruptures and hyphae enter the haemolymph. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World wide.

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