scholarly journals Preserving the Past, Conceptualising the Future: Research Libraries and Digital Preservation

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Digital Preservation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Libraries ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

E-Commerce Standards

2011 ◽  
pp. 2200-2224
Author(s):  
Stephen Hawk ◽  
Weijun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Impact

This chapter introduces XML-based e-commerce standards that have emerged within the past decade. The chapter describes the history of e-commerce standards, and then presents representative horizontal and vertical e-commerce standards by detailing their functionality, and how their development has been shaped by various stakeholders. The chapter also describes the potential for these standards to transform B2B practice by providing three industry examples. The chapter finishes by suggesting directions for future research by describing factors that could influence the future of these standards. Due to the central role these standards are likely to play in future e-commerce activity, most firms will at some point need to become aware of their capabilities, their application, and potential impact. This chapter is intended to provide an overview of the situation as it is understood today, and presents likely scenarios for how these standards may progress.

scholarly journals Towards a Theory of Digital Preservation

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reagan Moore
Keyword(s):  
Digital Preservation ◽  
The State ◽  
Data Grids ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
State Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Future Information

A preservation environment manages communication from the past while communicating with the future. Information generated in the past is sent into the future by the current preservation environment. The proof that the preservation environment preserves authenticity and integrity while performing the communication constitutes a theory of digital preservation. We examine the representation information that is needed about the preservation environment for a theory of digital preservation. The representation information includes descriptions of the preservation management policies, the preservation processes, and the state information that is needed to verify the correct working behavior of the system. We demonstrate rule-based data grids that can verify that prior policies correctly enforced preservation properties, while sending into the future descriptions of the current preservation management policies.

From the Editors

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. v-vi
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
East Germany ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Asylum ◽  
German Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Aspects

Our Summer issue features three articles on key aspects of Germanpolitics and society. Belinda Cooper analyzes yet another angle of thethorny Stasi problem, in this case the role and presence of womenin the Stasi. Placing her discussion in the larger context of womenin East Germany, Cooper has fashioned a nuanced, meticulouslyresearched argument about an issue that remains pertinent in thedebate on Germany, women, unification, and the country’s complexpast. John Bendix and Niklaus Steiner provide a new epistemologicalprism for the evaluation of Germany’s much discussed problem ofpolitical asylum. They address this difficult topic in the context ofexisting approaches in comparative politics and international relations,featuring the notion of “national interest” in their presentation.Ludger Helms then offers a fascinating study of an often-neglectedinstitution of German politics: that of the federal presidency since1949. After a careful reading of this article, it is evident that the Germanpresidency deserves more attention in the future researchagenda of political scientists than it has garnered in the past.

Women Entrepreneurs: A Research Overview

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candida G. Brush
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Despite the proliferation of research, the population of women entrepreneurs is vastly understudied. This is surprising considering women are one of the fastest rising populations of entrepreneurs, and contribute significantly to innovation, job creation, and economies around the world. Why are women entrepreneurs comparatively understudied? What have we learned about women entrepreneurs in the past few decades? What are the future research directions? This article addresses these questions. It begins with a brief overview on the extent of research on women's entrepreneurship and considers reasons why they are under-studied. The article also explores empirical findings in terms of similarities and differences between men and women entrepreneurs, then it concludes with suggestions for future research.

Systematic analysis of PPP research in construction journals: from 2009 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 3309-3339
Author(s):  
Yan-Chun Zhang ◽  
Wu-Zan Luo ◽  
Ming Shan ◽  
Dong-Wen Pan ◽  
Wen-Jie Mu
Keyword(s):  
Development Trend ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Research Directions

PurposeThe aims of this study are to conduct a systematic review of public–private partnership (PPP) studies published from 2009 to 2019, to compare the results with Ke et al. (2009) who reviewed the PPP literature published from 1998 to 2008, and to trace the evolution of the PPP knowledge in the past two decades. This study also presents the possible directions that the PPP research may go towards in the future, arguably.Design/methodology/approachThis study carried out a top journal-based search to identify the quality PPP articles published from 2009 to 2019. A total of 12 top-tier construction journals were systematically searched in the database of web of science (WOS), from which 279 PPP articles were identified for review.FindingsThe number of the identified articles, the titles of the journals, institutions, the most cited papers, and prevalent research methods were analyzed and compared. The existing PPP studies in construction journals were classified into seven streams. Through analysis of the PPP research status and gaps, five future research directions were revealed.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the current body of knowledge by revealing the research trend of PPP from 2009 to 2019. It presents the change of PPP development trend in the past decade through comparison with Ke et al. (2009). It also reveals the major research streams and points out the directions that the PPP research may go towards in the future. Moreover, this study is helpful to the practice as well. It can enhance the practitioners' understanding of the PPP development in the past decade. In addition, it identified the research institutions contributing the most in the area of PPP, which may serve as valuable reference for practitioners to locate the best institutions for consultancy or collaboration.

scholarly journals Testing two competing hypotheses for Eurasian jays’ caching for the future: planning versus compensatory caching

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Amodio ◽  
Johanni Brea ◽  
Benjamin G. Farrar ◽  
Ljerka Ostojic ◽  
Nicola S. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bayesian Model Comparison ◽  
The Future ◽  
Competing Hypotheses ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Specific Food

AbstractPrevious research reported that corvids preferentially cache food in a location where no food will be available or cache more of a specific food in a location where this food will not be available. Here, we consider possible explanations for these prospective caching behaviours and directly compare two competing hypotheses. The Compensatory Caching Hypothesis suggests that birds learn to cache more of a particular food in places where that food was less frequently available in the past. In contrast, the Future Planning Hypothesis suggests that birds recall what-when-where features of specific past events to predict the future availability of food. We designed a protocol in which the two hypotheses predict different caching patterns across different caching locations such that the two explanations can be disambiguated. We formalised the hypotheses in a Bayesian model comparison and tested this protocol in two experiments with one of the previously tested species, namely Eurasian jays. Consistently across the two experiments, the observed caching pattern did not support either hypothesis; rather it was best explained by a uniform distribution of caches over the different caching locations. Future research is needed to gain more insight into the cognitive mechanism underpinning corvids’ caching for the future.

Online Child Pornography

2012 ◽  
pp. 847-854
Author(s):  
Catherine D. Marcum ◽  
George E. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Legislative History ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Research Directions

This entry provides an examination of the past and present prevalence and issues surrounding online child pornography in the United States. Legal definitions of child pornography are explained, followed by an analysis of the current empirical knowledge on the topic, as well as the legal and legislative history. Finally, a brief discussion of the future research directions on the topic will be discussed.

E-Commerce Standards

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Stephen Hawk
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Impact

This chapter introduces XML-based e-commerce standards that have emerged within the past decade. The chapter describes the history of e-commerce standards, and then presents representative horizontal and vertical e-commerce standards by detailing their functionality, and how their development has been shaped by various stakeholders. The chapter also describes the potential for these standards to transform B2B practice by providing three industry examples. The chapter finishes by suggesting directions for future research by describing factors that could influence the future of these standards. Due to the central role these standards are likely to play in future e-commerce activity, most firms will at some point need to become aware of their capabilities, their application, and potential impact. This chapter is intended to provide an overview of the situation as it is understood today, and presents likely scenarios for how these standards may progress.

scholarly journals Synovial Macrophages in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Past, Present, and Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajie Tu ◽  
Xinming Wang ◽  
Xun Gong ◽  
Wenming Hong ◽  
Dafei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Research Directions

The ontogeny of macrophages in most organs has already been established. Owing to the limited number and inaccessibility of synovial macrophages (SMs), the origin of SMs has not been fully elucidated. Previous studies suggested that SMs have two major origins, namely, tissue-resident and monocyte-derived SMs. However, no systematic analysis to identify SM ontology in either physiological or pathological conditions has been available to date. In this review, we summarize relevant studies on the two main origins of SMs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and forecast the future research directions for this field. Furthermore, we discuss the current state of RA therapy that is based on targeting different SM subsets.

scholarly journals The Wolf’(s)-B(r)ain- The Past, Present, Future of CNS Lupus

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Murali Suhas ◽  
Srikanteshwara Parveen-Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Cns Lupus ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Research Directions

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a long-studied condition with protean manifestations, yet, with so much known about the pathogenesis and treatment aspects still in the dark. In this review article, we try to sum up all the knowledge we have till date, the practice essentials used to date and the future research directions, all of which ultimately lead to a better understanding of the disease and its management.

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