Case Ascertainment: The Composite International Diagnostic Interview

Objective To outline the utility of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) in the diagnosis of psychosis. Method Report current situation. Results The CIDI was designed as a fully structured interview to be used by lay interviewers. It generates false positive diagnoses in community surveys and false negative diagnoses in psychiatric settings. A new psychosis module has been developed to reduce these problems. Conclusions The diagnosis of psychosis by fully structured diagnostic interviews is difficult.

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Unterschiede in der Mutter-Kind-Bindung bei Frauen mit und ohne Soziale Phobie

Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie ◽

10.1024/1422-4917/a000454 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 49-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ariane Kraft ◽

Susanne Knappe ◽

Katja Petrowski ◽

Johanna Petzoldt ◽

Julia Martini

Keyword(s):

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Kindliche Entwicklung ◽

Soziale Phobie

Zusammenfassung. Fragestellung: Untersuchung der Bedeutung von mütterlicher Sozialer Phobie für die Entwicklung der Mutter-Kind-Beziehung in einer prospektiv-longitudinalen Studie. Methodik: Eine Teilstichprobe von 46 Frauen mit vs. ohne Lebenszeitdiagnose einer Sozialen Phobie und deren Kindern wurde analysiert. Soziale Phobien der Mütter wurden mit dem Composite International Diagnostic Interview für Frauen (CIDI-V) erhoben. Die Mütter wurden zum ante- und postnatalen Bonding befragt (MAAS, MPAS) und die Kinder wurden 16 Monate nach der Geburt mit dem Fremde-Situations-Test beobachtet. Ergebnisse: Kinder von sozialphobischen Müttern waren in der Verhaltensbeobachtung prozentual häufiger unsicher gebunden (45.4 % vs. 33.3 %) und brauchten signifikant länger, um den Kontakt zur Mutter in der Wiedervereinigungsphase wiederherzustellen (U = 160.0, p = .019). In Bezug auf das ante- (t = -.151, p = .881) und postnatale (t = .408, p = .685) Bonding der Mutter an das Kind sowie im widerstehenden (U = 262.5, p = .969), vermeidenden (U = 311.5, p = .258) und kontakterhaltenden (U = 224.0, p = .373) Verhalten des Kindes in der Fremden Situation zeigten beide Gruppen vergleichbare Werte. Schlussfolgerungen: Möglicherweise haben Mütter mit Sozialer Phobie eine gehemmte Verhaltensdisposition weitergegeben oder ihre Kinder weniger zur sozialen Interaktion ermutigt als Mütter ohne Soziale Phobie. Wenn Kinder von sozialphobischen Müttern Interaktionsängste zeigen, sollte eine Aufklärung über verschiedene Therapiemöglichkeiten sowie über mögliche Konsequenzen des eigenen (Vermeidungs-)Verhaltens für die kindliche Entwicklung erfolgen.

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Protective Factors and Suicidality in Members of Arab Kindred

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000116 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 80-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sami Hamdan ◽

Nadine Melhem ◽

Israel Orbach ◽

Ilana Farbstein ◽

Mohammad El-Haib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Suicidal Risk ◽

Arab Population ◽

Psychiatric Interview ◽

History Of

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.

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Screening for Depression in the Medically Ill: The Suggested Utility of a Cognitive-Based Approach

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00926.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 474-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Gordon Parker ◽

Therese Hilton ◽

Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic ◽

Jatinder Bains

Keyword(s):

Mood State ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Depressive Mood ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Medical Illness ◽

Medically Ill ◽

High Internal Consistency ◽

Comparison Measures

Objective: There is a need for a valid measure of depression in the medically ill, and one that is independent of medical illness characteristics. As yet, there is no such widely accepted measure. We thus report on the early development of such a measure using cognitive constructs that define depressive mood state nuances. Method: We studied 67 patients with a significant medical illness, verbally administering a set of 81 provisional items. Sample members also alternatively completed one of two comparison measures: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) or the Beck Depression Inventory for Primary Care (BDI-PC). A psychiatrist interviewed a subset to determine severity of any depression and whether subjects met formalized caseness criteria for depression. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was also administered during interviews to assess agreement with psychiatrist judgements about caseness. Results: A 16-item measure with high internal consistency was derived, with validation analyses suggesting it was distinctly superior to the HADS and somewhat superior to the BDI-PC measure. Conclusions: A cognitive-based approach (as used by both our measure and the BDI-PC) to screen for depression in medically ill groups appears to have distinct utility in identifying depressed patients, and in avoiding confounding influences of physical symptoms.

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Presence of individual (residual) symptoms during depressive episodes and periods of remission: a 3-year prospective study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291710001911 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 1165-1174 ◽

Cited By ~ 185

Author(s):

H. J. Conradi ◽

J. Ormel ◽

P. de Jonge

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Residual Symptoms ◽

Full Remission ◽

Sleeping Problems ◽

The Individual ◽

Major Depressive Episodes ◽

Depressive Episodes

BackgroundResidual depressive symptomatology constitutes a substantial risk for relapse in depression. Treatment until full remission is achieved is therefore implicated. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the prevalence of (1) residual symptoms in general and (2) the individual residual symptoms in particular.MethodIn a 3-year prospective study of 267 initially depressed primary care patients we established per week the presence/absence of the individual DSM-IV depressive symptoms during subsequent major depressive episodes (MDEs) and episodes of (partial) remission. This was accomplished by means of 12 assessments at 3-monthly intervals with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).ResultsIn general, residual depressive symptomatology was substantial, with on average two symptoms present during remissions. Three individual symptoms (cognitive problems, lack of energy and sleeping problems) dominated the course of depression and were present 85–94% of the time during depressive episodes and 39–44% of the time during remissions.ConclusionsResidual symptoms are prevalent, with some symptoms being present for almost half of the time during periods of remission. Treatment until full remission is achieved is not common practice, yet there is a clear need to do so to prevent relapse. Several treatment suggestions are made.

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Social support and delusional-like experiences: a nationwide population-based study

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences ◽

10.1017/s2045796011000862 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 203-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

S. Saha ◽

J. Scott ◽

D. Varghese ◽

J. McGrath

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

General Population ◽

Community Sample ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Population Based ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Poor Social Support ◽

Physical Disorders ◽

The Relationship

Background.Population-based studies have identified that delusional-like experiences (DLEs) are common in the general population. While there is a large literature exploring the relationship between poor social support and risk of mental illness, there is a lack of empirical data examining the association of poor social support and DLEs. The aim of the study was to explore the association between social support and DLEs using a large, nationally representative community sample.Methods.Subjects were drawn from a national multistage probability survey of 8841 adults aged between 16 and 85 years. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify DLEs, common psychiatric disorders and physical disorders. Eight questions assessed various aspects of social support with spouse/partners and other family and friends. We examined the relationship between DLEs and social support using logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounding factors.Results.Of the sample, 8.4% (n = 776) positively endorsed one or more DLEs. Individuals who (a) had the least contact with friends, or (b) could not rely on or confide in spouse/partner, family or friends were significantly more likely to endorse DLEs. The associations remained significant after adjusting for a range of potential confounding factors.Conclusions.DLEs are associated with impoverished social support in the general population. While we cannot exclude the possibility that the presence of isolated DLEs results in a reduction of social support, we speculate that poor social support may contribute in a causal fashion to the risk of DLEs.

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Serotonin-Related Gene Variants in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Depressive or Anxiety Disorders

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2017/4290430 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Magdalena Grzesiak ◽

Jan Aleksander Beszłej ◽

Ewa Waszczuk ◽

Marcin Szechiński ◽

Monika Szewczuk-Bogusławska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

New Findings ◽

Rome Iii ◽

Irritable Bowel

Aim. To assess the association of six polymorphisms in serotonin-related genes with depressive or anxiety disorders in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Methods. The lifetime prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders was assessed in 95 IBS patients (85% women) using the Munich version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). IBS was diagnosed according to the Rome III criteria.SCL6A4HTTLPR polymorphism (rs4795541) was determined using PCR-based method. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms inHTR1A(rs6295),HTR2A(rs6313 and rs6311),HTR2C(rs6318), andTPH1(rs1800532) were detected by minisequencing method.Results. IBS patients with depressive disorders were characterized by higher frequency of 5-HTTLPR L allele in comparison to IBS patients with anxiety disorders. The lower frequency of 1438 A allele inHTR2Awas found in IBS patients with depressive disorders in comparison to IBS patients without mental disorders. The lower G allele frequency inHTR2Crs6318 polymorphism among IBS patients with anxiety disorders was also observed.Conclusions. Our results provide further evidence for the involvement ofSLC6A4rs4795541 andHTR2Ars6311 polymorphisms in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders in IBS patients. The new findings indicate thatHTR2Crs6318 polymorphism may be associated with the susceptibility to anxiety disorders in IBS patients.

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Comorbidity of DSM–III–R Major Depressive Disorder in the General Population: Results from the US National Comorbidity Survey

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/s0007125000298371 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 168 (S30) ◽

pp. 17-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 579

Author(s):

R. C. Kessler ◽

C. B. Nelson ◽

K. A. McGonagle ◽

J. Liu ◽

M. Swartz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

General Population ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Population Data ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Prior History ◽

Major Depressive ◽

National Comorbidity Survey ◽

The Us

General population data are presented on the prevalence and correlates of comorbidity between DSM–III–R major depressive disorder (MDD) and other DSM–III–R disorders. The data come from the US National Comorbidity Survey, a large general population survey of persons aged 15–54 years in the non-institutionalised civilian population. Diagnoses are based on a modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). The analysis shows that most cases of lifetime MDD are secondary, in the sense that they occur in people with a prior history of another DSM–III–R disorder. Anxiety disorders are the most common primary disorders. The time-lagged effects of most primary disorders on the risk of subsequent MDD continue for many years without change in magnitude. Secondary MDD is, in general, more persistent and severe than pure or primary MDD. This has special public health significance because lifetime prevalence of secondary MDD has increased in recent cohorts, while the prevalence of pure and primary depression has remained unchanged.

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Atención de pacientes pobres con trastornos afectivos de la ciudad de México

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-89102005000400016 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 619-626 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shoshana Berenzon ◽

Francisco Juárez

Keyword(s):

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Las Mujeres ◽

Trastorno Bipolar

OBJETIVO: Describir los caminos de atención seguidos por población adulta, que cubre los criterios diagnósticos de trastornos depresivos, distimia y trastorno bipolar. MÉTODOS: La información se obtuvo mediante una entrevista personal, utilizando un cuestionario estandarizado que incluía secciones del Composite International Diagnostic Interview sobre trastornos afectivos y una sección sobre utilización de servicios. Los entrevistados (n=1,486) fueron seleccionados a partir de una muestra aleatoria, estratificada según las variables socioeconómicas y multietápicas (manzanas, viviendas, individuos), residentes en la Ciudad de México. RESULTADOS: Un número importante de las personas con trastornos afectivos informaron recurrir tanto a servicios formales como informales de atención. Se observó que en muchos casos se estableció el primer contacto con un médico general (81% de los hombres con trastornos depresivos, 100% con distimia y 36% con trastornos bipolares; 44.4% de las mujeres con depresión, 23% con distimia y 100% con trastornos bipolares). Del mismo modo, se observó que el 45% de los hombres con depresión, el 40% de los varones con distimia y el 65% de las mujeres con trastorno bipolar concluyeron los caminos asistenciales con el uso de los recursos proporcionados por las medicinas alternativas. CONCLUSIONES: El uso entremezclado de diversos sistemas de atención cumple por lo menos dos funciones. 1) permite armar un conjunto de opciones potenciales y así maximizar los recursos curativos con los que se cuenta, 2) permite atender distintos aspectos de una misma enfermedad donde un sólo sistema médico no puede satisfacer la complejidad del evento.

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