Comparison of fertilizer nitrogen efficiency among field crops

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Tanaka ◽  
Junichi Yamaguchi ◽  
Shu Miura ◽  
Hiroyuki Tamaru
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Field Crops

The relationship of soil mineral NO3-N with stem NO3-N concentration, and of fertilizer-N with the amount of nitrogen taken up by winter wheat, in experiments testing nitrogen fertilizer in combination with aphicide and fungicides, from 1980 to 1982

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Darby ◽  
F. V. Widdowson ◽  
E. Bird ◽  
M. V. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Relationship Of

SummaryExperiments on winter wheat were made from 1980 to 1982 to test fungicide and aphicide sprays in factorial combination with four amounts of nitrogen fertilizer, applied in either one or two dressings in spring. The wheat was grown on three farms with contrasting calcareous clay soils from three soil series; each year it followed a 2-year break on one farm, a cereal rotation on the second and continuous wheat on the third. Soils were sampled to a depth of 0·9 m at seedling emergence in autumn, and again in February and April, to determine the NO3-N and NH4-N in each 0·3 m horizon. Crops were sampled for growth analysis at monthly intervals from March onwards and analysed for nitrogen content. Measurements of stem sap NO3-N concentration were also made at 2-weekly intervals from February or March to late June.Measurements of soil mineral N were used to calculate the fertilizer nitrogen dressings used in the experiments. The concentration of NO3-N in the stem sap was related to NO3-N in soil; concentiations remained high until most of the soil NO3-N had been removed by the crop. The time at which stem sap NO3-N concentration declined therefore acted as an index of soil N supply, and the data showed that fertilizer-N was needed when the NO3-N concentration fell below a 200 μg/ml threshold. Yields benefited from N applied in February or March only when stem sap NO3-N concentration fell below the threshold at this time.Apparent fertilizer nitrogen efficiency exceeded 70 % where yields were very large, but ranged between 53 and 64% where yields were smaller because either soil physical problems or disease restraints were present.A severe attack by take-all (Gaeumannomyces cerealis) caused premature senescence at one centre in 1980; this apparently prevented previously assimilated nitrogen from moving into the grain.

Nitrogen balance studies in rice using 15N-labelled urea and urea supergranules

1989 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Mohanty ◽  
S. P. Chakravorti ◽  
A. Bhadrachalam
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Urea Supergranules ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Different Types

Recovery of applied nitrogen by the rice crop is invariably low, often 30–50% (Prasad & De Datta 1979). The poor recovery has been attributed to different types of losses occurring in the rice field. Recovery improved with split application, delayed application or deep placement (Pillai & Vamadevan 1978; Craswell & Vlek 1979), indicating that the management factor plays an important role in increasing fertilizer nitrogen efficiency. To investigate such factors, and seasonal effects, field experimentswere carried out using 15N-labelled urea (PU) and urea supergranules (USG). The recovery of fertilizer 15N by the plant and retention in the soil were studied in both dry and wet seasons.

Optical Sensors for Rational Fertilizer Nitrogen Management in Field Crops

2021 ◽  
pp. 479-511
Author(s):  
Varinderpal-Singh ◽  
Kunal ◽  
Alison R. Bentley ◽  
Howard Griffiths ◽  
Tina Barsby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen Management

Food Waste Compost Effects on Fertilizer Nitrogen Efficiency, Available Nitrogen, and Tall Fescue Yield

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Sullivan ◽  
A. I. Bary ◽  
D. R. Thomas ◽  
S. C. Fransen ◽  
C. G. Cogger
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Food Waste Compost

Food Waste Compost Effects on Fertilizer Nitrogen Efficiency, Available Nitrogen, and Tall Fescue Yield

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Sullivan ◽  
A. I. Bary ◽  
D. R. Thomas ◽  
S. C. Fransen ◽  
C. G. Cogger
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Food Waste Compost

Fertilizer Nitrogen Efficiency in Durum Wheat under Rainfed Mediterranean Conditions: Effect of Split Application

2006 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis López-Bellido ◽  
Rafael J. López-Bellido ◽  
Francisco J. López-Bellido
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Mediterranean Conditions

An evaluation of a strategic de-stocking regime for dairying to improve nitrogen efficiency and reduce nitrate leaching from dairy farms in nitrate-sensitive areas

2000 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Cecile De Klein ◽  
Jim Paton ◽  
Stewart Ledgard
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Leaching Losses ◽  
Sensitive Areas

Strategic de-stocking in winter is a common management practice on dairy farms in Southland, New Zealand, to protect the soil against pugging damage. This paper examines whether this practice can also be used to reduce nitrate leaching losses. Model analyses and field measurements were used to estimate nitrate leaching losses and pasture production under two strategic de-stocking regimes: 3 months off-farm or 5 months on a feed pad with effluent collected and applied back to the land. The model analyses, based on the results of a long-term farmlet study under conventional grazing and on information for an average New Zealand farm, suggested that the 3- or 5-month de-stocking could reduce nitrate leaching losses by about 20% or 35-50%, respectively compared to a conventional grazing system. Field measurements on the Taieri Plain in Otago support these findings, although the results to date are confounded by drought conditions during the 1998 and 1999 seasons. The average nitrate concentration of the drainage water of a 5-month strategic de-stocking treatment was about 60% lower than under conventional grazing. Pasture production of the 5-month strategic de-stocking regime with effluent return was estimated based on data for apparent N efficiency of excreta patches versus uniformlyspread farm dairy effluent N. The results suggested that a strategic de-stocking regime could increase pasture production by about 2 to 8%. A cost/ benefit analysis of the 5-month de-stocking system using a feed pad, comparing additional capital and operational costs with additional income from a 5% increase in DM production, show a positive return on capital for an average New Zealand dairy farm. This suggests that a strategic destocking system has good potential as a management tool to reduce nitrate leaching losses in nitrate sensitive areas whilst being economically viable, particularly on farms where an effluent application system or a feed pad are already in place. Keywords: dairying, feed pads, nitrate leaching, nitrogen efficiency, productivity, strategic de-stocking

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