Comparison of Farming Techniques Actually Implemented and Their Rationality in Organic and Conventional Olive Groves in Andalusia, Spain

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Parra-López ◽  
J. Calatrava-Requena
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Annamaria Castrignanò ◽  
Antonella Belmonte ◽  
Ilaria Antelmi ◽  
Ruggiero Quarto ◽  
Francesco Quarto ◽  
...  

Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca (Xfp) is one of the most dangerous plant pathogens in the world. Identified in 2013 in olive trees in south–eastern Italy, it is spreading to the Mediterranean countries. The bacterium is transmitted by insects that feed on sap, and causes rapid wilting in olive trees. The paper explores the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in combination with a multispectral radiometer for early detection of infection. The study was carried out in three olive groves in the Apulia region (Italy) and involved four drone flights from 2017 to 2019. To classify Xfp severity level in olive trees at an early stage, a combined method of geostatistics and discriminant analysis was implemented. The results of cross-validation for the non-parametric classification method were of overall accuracy = 0.69, mean error rate = 0.31, and for the early detection class of accuracy 0.77 and misclassification probability 0.23. The results are promising and encourage the application of UAV technology for the early detection of Xfp infection.


Author(s):  
José Guerrero-Casado ◽  
Antonio J. Carpio ◽  
Francisco S. Tortosa ◽  
Anastasio J. Villanueva

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Tatulli ◽  
Vanessa Modesti ◽  
Nicoletta Pucci ◽  
Valeria Scala ◽  
Alessia L’Aurora ◽  
...  

During recent years; Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca (Xfp) has spread in Salento causing relevant damage to the olive groves. Measures to contain the spreading of the pathogen include the monitoring of the areas bordering the so-called “infected” zone and the tree eradication in case of positive detection. In order to provide a control strategy aimed to maintain the tree productivity in the infected areas, we further evaluated the in vitro and in planta mid-term effectiveness of a zinc-copper-citric acid biocomplex. The compound showed an in vitro bactericidal activity and inhibited the biofilm formation in representative strains of X. fastidiosa subspecies, including Xfp isolated in Apulia from olive trees. The field mid-term evaluation of the control strategy assessed by quantitative real-time PCR in 41 trees of two olive groves of the “infected” area revealed a low concentration of Xfp over the seasons upon the regular spraying of the biocomplex over 3 or 4 consecutive years. In particular, the bacterial concentration lowered in July and October with respect to March, after six consecutive treatments. The trend was not affected by the cultivar and it was similar either in the Xfp-sensitive cultivars Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò or in the Xfp-resistant Leccino. Moreover, the scoring of the number of wilted twigs over the seasons confirmed the trend. The efficacy of the treatment in the management of olive groves subjected to a high pathogen pressure is highlighted by the yielded a good oil production


Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
João Frederico Alves ◽  
Sara Mendes ◽  
António Alves da Silva ◽  
José Paulo Sousa ◽  
Daniel Paredes

Olive growing has been intensified through the simplification of agricultural landscapes. In order to rethink the environmental drawbacks of these practices, conservation biological control techniques have been examined. In this work, Prays oleae and its natural enemy Chrysoperla carnea were monitored to account for the effects of the amount and diversity of different land-uses. We found that C. carnea showed an attraction to areas with high abundances of P. oleae but this predator did not display any affection by the different land-uses. Inversely, P. oleae abundance was lower in diverse landscapes and higher in simplified ones. Importantly, higher abundances of C. carnea were related to lower infestation levels of P. oleae in the late part of the season. These results corroborate the attraction of C. carnea to the olive moth, highlighting the potential of C. carnea as a biological control agent of this pest, assert that the promotion of land-use diversity can reduce P. oleae and confirm that landscapes dominated by olive groves can promote this pest. The present study aims at contributing to the discussion about the management of agricultural ecosystems by providing farmers with sustainable alternatives that do not have harmful effects on the environment and public health.


Author(s):  
Rubén Tarifa ◽  
Carlos Martínez‐Núñez ◽  
Francisco Valera ◽  
Juan P. González‐Varo ◽  
Teresa Salido ◽  
...  

Geoderma ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 388-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo A.C. Costantini ◽  
Sergio Pellegrini ◽  
Nadia Vignozzi ◽  
Roberto Barbetti

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document