Teenage pregnancy: Attitudes, social support and adjustment to pregnancy during the antenatal period

Introduction. Teenage pregnancy is a national health priority. Having to deal with pregnancy during adolescence can cause the mother, at an already vulnerable age, to doubt her maternal capacity to cope with a challenge of this magnitude. The teenage mother’s assessment of her maternal self-efficacy is associated with her performance, in other words, the way she relates and responds to the needs of her infant, which has major implications for the latter’s development. Objective. To study the association between personal (depressive symptoms, self-esteem) and environmental characteristics (social support, partner satisfaction) and those of the infant (problems with infant care, the infants’s temperament) and the perception of maternal self-efficacy (PME) in adolescent mothers. Method. Cross-sectional study. The following instruments were applied: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Post-partum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R), and Maternal Efficacy Questionnaire to 120 mothers under 20 during the first six months postpartum. Bivariate lineal regression and hierarchical linear regression analyses were used for the data analysis. Results. When adjusting for other variables, symptoms of depression and difficult infant temperament were associated with lower PME. Social support was only associated with increased PME in the bivariate analysis. Discussion and conclusion. These findings contribute to the limited literature on the subject and provide elements for designing strategies to improve adolescent mothers’ PME to encourage behaviors that are more relevant and sensitive to infants’ physical and emotional needs.

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Adolescent pregnant women experiences in three primary health care centers of Yogyakarta: the need of friendly and sensitive support care

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ◽

10.22146/bkm.30472 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Dara Ardhia ◽

Budi Wahyuni ◽

Wenny Artanty Nisman

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Teenage Pregnancy ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Health Staff ◽

Support Needs ◽

Catchment Areas ◽

Interview Guide ◽

Women Experiences ◽

Optimal Health ◽

Primary Health Care Centers

Purpose: Explore the meaning of adolescent’s experience and social support needs from health staff in pregnancy.Method: This research was a qualitative research with phenomenology. The study was conducted in three catchment areas of Puskesmas Jetis, Gedongtengen and Umbulharjo 1 from 6 May to 7 July 2017. The selection of participants using the technique of maximal variation and the number of participants adjusted to the varied place of study and the variation of participants and the number of participants was 6. The research data was collected by using in-depth interview technique with semi-structured interview guide. The data were analyzed with Collaizi technique analysis.Results: There are 5 themes in this study that is, the experience of adolescents at the beginning of their pregnancies, differences in the reasons adolescent maintain their pregnancies, the form of support that adolescent have gained during pregnancy, adolescent perspectives on the behavior of health staff during accompanying pregnancy and social support needs of adolescent pregnancy from health staff .Conclusion: Adolescent acceptance of pregnancy occurs as pregnancy progresses, support from optimal health staff increases teen motivation to maintain and run pregnancy well and informational support from health staff is a key requirement for teenage pregnancy.

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Social Support and Outcome in Teenage Pregnancy

Journal of Health and Social Behavior ◽

10.2307/2137044 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 119

Author(s):

R. Jay Turner ◽

Carl F. Grindstaff ◽

Norman Phillips

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Teenage Pregnancy

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Perceived social support and depression among pregnant and child-rearing teenagers in Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria

African Journal of Midwifery and Women s Health ◽

10.12968/ajmw.2018.0033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Sunday Joseph Ayamolowo ◽

Aanuoluwapo Omobolanle Olajubu ◽

Funke Elizabeth Akintola

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Teenage Pregnancy ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Teenage Mothers ◽

Child Rearing ◽

Mental Strain ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Southwest Nigeria ◽

The Relationship

Background The mental strain of pregnancy and child-rearing can lead to depression, especially when the expectant mother is also a teenager who will need robust social support to adequately cope with motherhood at this vulnerable stage of life. In Nigeria, teenage pregnancy and motherhood can prevent them from acquiring an education or the skills to earn money, and many teenage mothers struggle with depression and other health issues. Aim To assess the relationship between perceived social support and level of depression among pregnant and child-rearing teenagers in the Ife East Local Government Area, Southwest Nigeria. Methods A descriptive study design was employed and a structured questionnaire was used to elicit response from 120 pregnant and child-rearing teenagers who were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics were computed on sociodemographic characteristics, level of perceived social support, and level of depression among respondents. The Pearson correlation test was used to assess the relationship between perceived social support and level of depression. Findings More than half (54.2%) of the respondents reported a moderate level of perceived social support, and few respondents (12.5%) reported that they received low social support. Many (44.2%) of the respondents reported no depression, and few respondents (10.0%) were categorised as severely depressed. The study found a significant, moderately strong, negative correlation between respondents' level of social support and depression (r=−0.510, P=<0.0001). Conclusion There is a significant association between the level of perceived social support received and the development of depression among pregnant and child-rearing teenagers in Nigeria. Hence, there is an urgent need for appropriate community health information, education and programmes to facilitate support for pregnant and child-rearing teenagers. This will help to reduce depression and improve health outcomes for teenage mothers.

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Teenage Pregnancy in Malaysia: Understanding the Importance of Social Support in Relation to Coping, Resilience and Mental Health

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b1012.0982s1019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2S10) ◽

pp. 79-87

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Teenage Pregnancy ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Well Being ◽

Health Problems ◽

Vital Role ◽

Teenage Mothers ◽

Ways Of Coping ◽

Poor Social Support

Losing the social support from family and friends may affect coping, resilience and increase a risk of mental health problems among pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers. This article aims to describe the importance and availability of social support related to coping, resilience and mental health among unwed pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers in Malaysia during their stay in a shelter home. A purposive sampling was employed to select seventeen respondents from 128 unmarried pregnant and teenage mothers; age 10 to 18 years living in four different shelter homes owing that they were pregnancy out of wedlock. The findings are based on analysis of interviews and questionnaires related to social support, ways of coping, resilience and mental health. The study found strong indication in both, the qualitative and quantitative data, that unwed pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers have poor social support in terms of availability and adequacy. Hence, it reflected in their ways of coping, resilience, and put them at risk to develop mental health problems if untreated. The authorities and the staff in shelter homes are advice to take seriously social support aspects, especially from the family since they play a vital role for well-being and mental health of unwed pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers.

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Association of social factors with low birth weight: a narrative review

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183046 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 3171

Author(s):

Yamini Marimuthu ◽

Sonali Sarkar ◽

Manikandanesan Sakthivel ◽

Yuvaraj K. ◽

Bharathnag N. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Social Factors ◽

Spouse Abuse ◽

Positive Association ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Antenatal Period ◽

Spouse Support ◽

The Social

Low birth weight (LBW) is a major cause for neonatal morbidity and mortality. Apart from various medical risk factors, social factors also have an impact on birth weight. The objective of the study were to review the globally available evidences on the association between LBW and social factors like social support, spouse support and spouse abuse experienced by the mothers during the antenatal period. A narrative review was done during 2017 in which various literatures available “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” related to the social factors like social support, spouse support and spouse abuse and low birth weight were reviewed after checking for full text availability and removing duplicates. The antenatal mothers with high perceived social support was associated with 60% lesser odds of having LBW. Mothers with high perceived spouse support had 23% lesser odds of having LBW both of which might act through financial, moral, emotional and behavioral pathways. Various studies have found positive association between LBW and spouse abuse and the OR ranged from 1.3 to 3.8. The definitions and instruments used for the social support, spouse support and spouse abuse are varied making it difficult to interpret varied results in different study settings. With the available few evidences it can be concluded that lack of spouse support and social support and the presence of spousal abuse during antenatal period increases the odds of still birth, preterm birth and low birth weight among children.

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