Tensions and Contradictions Left and Right: The Predictable Disappointments of Planning under New Labour in Historical Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
New Labour ◽  
Left And Right

Interrogating and Conceptualizing the Legacy of Thatcherism

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Hay ◽  
Stephen Farrall
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
New Labour ◽  
Post War ◽  
British State ◽  
Strict Definition ◽  
Policy Targets

This chapter reflects on the debates surrounding Thatcherism with the benefit of hindsight. Most commentators seem to accept that Thatcherism is now a historic concept—referring, if not exactly to the period 1979–90, then certainly to events now largely concluded. This allows us a degree of historical perspective that was previously unavailable. Current assessments by political scientists of the rise of ‘New Labour’ and of the development of the British state in the post-war period have had to grapple with this period (and, indeed, 1997). But there are other reasons for returning to Thatcherism and perhaps even for preferring the term ‘Thatcherism’ to the more recent ‘neo-liberalism’. ‘Thatcherism’—however hard it remains to offer a strict definition—embraced more than just neo-liberal ideas. Thatcherism combined both neo-liberal and neo-conservative strands and was often at its more radical and consequential when it identified policy targets which combined elements of both.

scholarly journals Spelling variation and text alignment

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-295
Author(s):  
Anja Voeste
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
White Space ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Book Printing ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Spelling Variation ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Text Alignment ◽  
The City

Abstract In the 15th century, at a time when codification via dictionaries and grammars had not yet taken effect, printers, editors, and compositors were already producing pamphlets and books that had to meet the new requirements of the letterpress, especially as regards the arrangement of white space and uniform line justification (even-margined on the left and right). The following analysis investigates five German editions of the Mirabilia Romae (Marvels of the City of Rome), a well-known pilgrim guide, all printed in 1500 for the contemporaneous Jubilee year and thus for short-term sale. The results show that compositors used different means for text alignment: In addition to deviations in line counts and the repositioning of lines, they chose extended or contracted spelling variants, predominantly on the second half of the page. The most frequent variants are abbreviations in the form of tildes. However, just a few spelling patterns with tildes were used. With respect to explanatory processes in a historical perspective, the results call for a closer consideration of page format, text layout (mise-en-page) and line justification when evaluating spelling variation in early book printing.

The Idea of Joined-Up Government: A Historical Perspective

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hood
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
New Labour ◽  
General Sense ◽  
The People ◽  
Historical Outline ◽  
Single Face ◽  
Social Domains ◽  
The Government

Joined-up government is a new term coined in the 1990s for an old administrative doctrine called ‘coordination’. In a general sense, coordination in the old administrative doctrine suggests that all of the parts of the executive government should be interconnected and complementary to one another. The aim of coordination in the government is to be able to present a single face to the people and to operate as a single unit on multiple yet interrelated problems. Historically, the idea and concept of government coordination is hard to trace as it is a nebulous one. It appears in several disciplinary literatures and spans many institutional and social domains. This chapter does not offer a historical outline of the term ‘joined-up term’ or of broader coordination doctrines in the government, rather it presents questions from a comparative-historical questions. The first question examines old and new aspects of the Blair New Labour doctrine of joined-up government. The second query tackles from an historical perspective some of the principal means that have been advanced for the linking of the parts of the executive government. The last question addresses the counter-doctrines to the idea of joined-up government.

The three-dimensional structure of frozen-hydrated left- and right-handed forms of bacterial flagellar filaments from an identical serotype

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
S. Trachtenberg ◽  
D. J. DeRosier
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Protein Species ◽  
Liquid Environment ◽  
Bacterial Flagellum ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Rotary Motor ◽  
Helical Parameters

The bacterial cell is propelled through the liquid environment by means of one or more rotating flagella. The bacterial flagellum is composed of a basal body (rotary motor), hook (universal coupler), and filament (propellor). The filament is a rigid helical assembly of only one protein species — flagellin. The filament can adopt different morphologies and change, reversibly, its helical parameters (pitch and hand) as a function of mechanical stress and chemical changes (pH, ionic strength) in the environment.

Advantages of Complementary Stereo Images as Viewed with the Low-Temperature Field-Emission SEM

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1314-1315
Author(s):  
William P. Wergin ◽  
Eric F. Erbe
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stereo Image ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Pair Analysis

The eye-brain complex allows those of us with normal vision to perceive and evaluate our surroundings in three-dimensions (3-D). The principle factor that makes this possible is parallax - the horizontal displacement of objects that results from the independent views that the left and right eyes detect and simultaneously transmit to the brain for superimposition. The common SEM micrograph is a 2-D representation of a 3-D specimen. Depriving the brain of the 3-D view can lead to erroneous conclusions about the relative sizes, positions and convergence of structures within a specimen. In addition, Walter has suggested that the stereo image contains information equivalent to a two-fold increase in magnification over that found in a 2-D image. Because of these factors, stereo pair analysis should be routinely employed when studying specimens.Imaging complementary faces of a fractured specimen is a second method by which the topography of a specimen can be more accurately evaluated.

Histological evaluation of cochlear hair cell damage from noise-induced hearing loss in chinchillas

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
R.V. Harrison ◽  
R.J. Mount ◽  
P. White ◽  
N. Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Acoustic Trauma ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Cochlear Hair Cell ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Contralateral Ear

In studies which attempt to define the influence of various factors on recovery of hair cell integrity after acoustic trauma, an experimental and a control ear which initially have equal degrees of damage are required. With in a group of animals receiving an identical level of acoustic trauma there is more symmetry between the ears of each individual, in respect to function, than between animals. Figure 1 illustrates this, left and right cochlear evoked potential (CAP) audiograms are shown for two chinchillas receiving identical trauma. For this reason the contralateral ear is used as control.To compliment such functional evaluations we have devised a scoring system, based on the condition of hair cell stereocilia as revealed by scanning electron microscopy, which permits total stereociliar damage to be expressed numerically. This quantification permits correlation of the degree of structural pathology with functional changes. In this paper wereport experiments to verify the symmetry of stereociliar integrity between two ears, both for normal (non-exposed) animals and chinchillas in which each ear has received identical noise trauma.

The crystallography characteristic of (Mn,Fe)S single crystal

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 898-899
Author(s):  
Jiang Xishan
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Point Group ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Hexagonal Crystal ◽  
Growth Step ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Fcc Structure ◽  
New Discovery

This paper reports the growth step pattern and morphology at equilibrium and growth states of (Mn,Fe)S single crystal on the wall of micro-voids in ZG25 cast steel by using scanning electron microscope. Seldom report was presented on the growth morphology and steppattern of (Mn,Fe)S single crystal.Fig.1 shows the front half of the polyhedron of(Mn,Fe)S single crystal,its central area being the square crystal plane,the two pairs of hexagons symmetrically located in the high and low, the left and right with a certain, angle to the square crystal plane.According to the symmetrical relationship of crystal, it was defined that the (Mn,Fe)S single crystal at equilibrium state is tetrakaidecahedron consisted of eight hexagonal crystal planes and six square crystal planes. The macroscopic symmetry elements of the tetrakaidecahedron correpond to Oh—n3m symmetry class of fcc structure,in which the hexagonal crystal planes are the { 111 } crystal planes group,square crystal plaits are the { 100 } crystal planes group. This new discovery of the (Mn,Fe)S single crystal provides a typical example of the point group of Oh—n3m.

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