US Central Americans: reconstructing memories, struggles, and communities of resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-269
Author(s):  
Erica Toffoli
Keyword(s):  
Central Americans

Somatization in Primary Care: A Comparative Survey of Immigrants from Various Ethnic Groups in Rome, Italy

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Aragona ◽  
Lorenzo Tarsitani ◽  
Francesco Colosimo ◽  
Barbara Martinelli ◽  
Hassan Raad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
Primary Care Unit ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
South Central ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Comparative Survey

Objectives: Those responsible for interviewing immigrants in primary care settings often underestimate the importance of somatic symptoms arising from psychological distress. This study investigates the current prevalence of somatization in immigrants, and evaluates the comparative rates of somatic complaints in four ethnic groups (Caucasians, Asians, South/Center Americans, and Africans). Methods: We studied the 301 consecutive outpatients (aged between 16 and 70 years) attending the “Caritas” primary care unit for immigrants in Rome (Italy) from January to December 2003, all of whom completed the 21-item version of the Bradford Somatic Inventory (BSI-21). Patients scoring 14 or more on the BSI-21 were considered at risk for somatization. Results: The current prevalence of somatization was 35.2%; 62.3% of the somatizers were women. A multiple regression analysis adjusting for the possible confounding effects of sex, age, education, and months of stay in Italy showed that South/Central Americans had significantly higher somatization scores than the other three groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest a high probability of somatization syndromes in immigrant patients. South/Central Americans tend to somatize more than other ethnic groups. A psychosomatic approach may be useful for immigrants in primary care settings.

Polymorphism C3435T of the MDR1 gene in Central Americans and Spaniards

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vicente ◽  
Blanca Sinues ◽  
A. Fanlo ◽  
P. Vasquez ◽  
J. C. Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mdr1 Gene ◽  
Central Americans

scholarly journals Current Mesoamerican Couples: Cultural Heritage; Families in Transition; Sustainable Relationships

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolando Diaz-Loving
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Relationship Maintenance ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
Family Function ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Hispanic Couples ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Impact On Family ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Traditional Roles

In order to describe the development and status of couples of any region, the historic, psychological and socio-cultural ecosystem in which they unfold must be specified. For this paper, the roots of Mesoamerican-Hispanic couples are described with emphasis on the norms and values that underlie the beliefs and behavioral patterns of contemporary males and females of this vast region. In a second section, the effects of modernization and female and child empowerment on traditional roles and couple relationships is covered. A third section is devoted to the analysis of the impact on family function and structure due to migration and acculturation of Mexicans and Central Americans who move north. As a corollary, an extensive description of research on the variables conducive to relationship maintenance with Mexican males and females is presented.

Abstract P071: Association of Baseline Depressive Symptoms With 6-Year Incidence of Diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J O'Brien ◽  
Mercedes R Carnethon ◽  
Frank J Penedo ◽  
Karen M Tabb ◽  
Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
Latino Adults

Background: Among Hispanics/Latinos, there is substantial heterogeneity in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and diabetes by background. This study aimed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and incident diabetes among Hispanic/Latino adults of diverse backgrounds. Methods: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is a prospective, community-based study of 16,415 self-identified Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18-74 years at Visit 1 (2008-2011) and 10,914 who have also completed the Visit 2 examination by August 2017. This analysis includes 8,804 participants who were free from diabetes at baseline and attended both Visits. Baseline depressive symptoms were assessed using the CES-D 10-item depression scale and divided into quartiles. Incident diabetes was defined by fasting glucose ≥126mg/dL, 2-hour postload glucose 140-199mg/dL, HbA1c ≥6.5%, or self-report. Accounting for HCHS/SOL complex survey design, we used Poisson regression models to estimate diabetes incidence density ratios (Table). Results: Baseline BMI was associated with both depressive symptoms and incident diabetes. Overall, 876 participants developed diabetes. In analyses stratified by Hispanic/Latino background, the association between baseline depressive symptoms and incident diabetes was significant for South Americans, Central Americans, and Mexicans. No significant associations between depressive symptoms and diabetes were seen among Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican, Cuban, or Puerto Rican backgrounds. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the association between depressive symptoms and incident diabetes in Hispanics/Latinos may differ by their background, with South and Central Americans at the highest risk. This difference may be partly explained by variation in participants’ understanding of CES-D questions by Hispanic/Latino background. Future research is needed to understand these novel findings fully and explore their implications for practice and policy.

Central Americans in New York

2017 ◽  
pp. 220-254
Author(s):  
WALKER SIMON ◽  
ROSALÍA REYES
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Central Americans

A Brief History of Central America

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Rachel Gibson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
Family Stories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Events ◽  
History Of

The history of Central America directly impacts current events, and exploring the social, political, and economic reasons why Guatemalans and other Central Americans emigrate to the United States deepens our connections to family stories and legacies. This chapter offers a brief overview of the region....

Buffering North America

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-159
Author(s):  
David Scott FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
The United States ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
Southern Border ◽  
The U.S

Washington and Ottawa have tried to keep out most of the Central Americans fleeing to North America beginning in the civil wars of the 1980s. Central America and Mexico buffer the United States, which in turn buffers Canada. The U.S. government has propped up client states in Central America; paid for refugee camps; and provided training, equipment, and financing for migration controls further south. Mexico has weak rights of territorial personhood, so rather than strictly controlling entry across its southern border, its entire territory has become a “vertical frontier” with the United States. Aggressive U.S. enforcement at the Mexican border traps transit migrants in Mexico and creates an incentive for the Mexican government to deport them. But harsh U.S. enforcement on its border and the fact that it targets Mexicans as well as third-country nationals impedes the bilateral cooperation that would make Mexico a more effective buffer.

scholarly journals Falling Outside: Excavating the History of Central American Asylum Seekers

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 569-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Bibler Coutin
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Central American ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
Asylum Law ◽  
Legal Advocacy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Periods

This article takes a retrospective look at legal advocacy on behalf of Central American asylum seekers, which has been influential in the development of US asylum law and in the creation of an infrastructure to address immigrants' needs. The article considers three time periods when Central Americans have been deemed to fall outside of the category of refugee: (1) the 1980s, when US administrations argued that Central Americans were economic immigrants; (2) the 1990s, when civil wars in El Salvador and Guatemala came to an end; and (3) the 2000s, when some Salvadoran youths in removal proceedings have argued that they faced persecution as perceived or actual gang members. This retrospective analysis highlights the ways in which law can be creatively reinterpreted by legal actors, as well as how legal innovations carry forward traces of prior historical moments.

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