Assessing the adaptive capacity of farmers under the impact of saltwater intrusion in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1619-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Xuan Hoan ◽  
Dao Nguyen Khoi ◽  
Luu Duc Trung
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Saltwater intrusion into groundwater systems in the Mekong Delta and links to global change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Xiao ◽  
Yin Tang ◽  
Hai-Ming Li ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Thanh Ngo-Duc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Groundwater Systems

Climate Change and Profit Loss

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Huynh Viet Khai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
The Difference

The chapter aims to evaluate the profit loss of rice farmers due to salinity intrusion by collecting the information of rice production in three regions with the same natural environment conditions, social characteristics (e.g., the same social and farming culture, ethnicity, type of soil), and only differed with respect to the level of salinity in Soc Trang province, one of the most salinity-affected areas in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The study estimated the profit loss in rice production due to saltwater intrusion by the difference in rice profit between the non-salinity and salinity regions and showed this loss was about VND 9.3-15.1 million per ha-1 a year.

scholarly journals Historic Environmental Vulnerability Evaluation of Traditional Villages Under Geological Hazards and Influencing Factors of Adaptive Capacity: A District-Level Analysis of Lishui, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Liu ◽  
Jian Ge ◽  
Wangming Li ◽  
Ming Bai
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
District Level ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
The Impact

The historic environmental vulnerability of traditional villages (HEVTVs) is distinctly differentiated; however, the priority of relevant emergency management practices still lacks appropriate evaluation. This study proposes a new assessment system to quantify HEVTVs at the district level and an extended analysis of the influencing factors of adaptive capacity. This provides a basis to classify the emergency management of villages under geological hazard risks. Based on the coupled human–environment system, this research designed the assessment with three criteria, six factors, and 13 indexes from the perspective of HEVTVs. Furthermore, a demonstration test was conducted of 148 traditional villages in Lishui, China. The results showed that 64.19% of HEVTVs in Lishui were moderate or above, and that villages with very high vulnerability were mainly distributed at mid-elevation of mountains with strongly sloping terrain. In contrast, low-vulnerability villages were generally on plains at low altitudes. Furthermore, three high-vulnerability clustering groups were identified as critical improvement targets for which special zoning strategies should be proposed. Five influencing factors were found to be strongly related to the adaptive capacity, indicating a spatial variation of the impact intensity. This could be applied to streamline vulnerability optimization strategies according to local conditions.

scholarly journals The Dominant Climate Change Event for Salinity Intrusion in the GBM Delta

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabeya Akter ◽  
Tansir Zaman Asik ◽  
Mohiuddin Sakib ◽  
Marin Akter ◽  
Mostofa Najmus Sakib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Surface Water Salinity ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change Event ◽  
Different Levels

Salinity intrusion through the estuaries in low-lying tide-dominated deltas is a serious threat that is expected to worsen in changing climatic conditions. This research makes a comparative analysis on the impact of salinity intrusion due to a reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclonic conditions to find which one of these event dominates the salinity intrusion. A calibrated and validated salinity model (Delft3D) and storm surge model (Delft Dashboard) are used to simulate the surface water salinity for different climatic conditions. Results show that the effects of the reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclones cause different levels of impacts in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta along the Bangladesh coast. Reduced upstream discharge causes an increased saltwater intrusion in the entire region. A rising sea level causes increased salinity in the shallower coast. The cyclonic impact on saltwater intrusion is confined within the landfall zone. These outcomes suggest that, for a tide dominated delta, if a sea level rise (SLR) or cyclone occurred, the impact would be conditional and local. However, if the upstream discharge reduces, the impact would be gradual and along the entire coast.

scholarly journals Flooding in the Mekong Delta: the impact of dyke systems on downstream hydrodynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vo Quoc Thanh ◽  
Dano Roelvink ◽  
Mick van der Wegen ◽  
Johan Reyns ◽  
Herman Kernkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mekong Delta ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Tidal Propagation ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Building high dykes is a common measure of coping with floods and plays an important role in agricultural management in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. However, the construction of high dykes causes considerable changes in hydrodynamics of the Mekong River. This paper aims to assess the impact of the high-dyke system on water level fluctuations and tidal propagation in the Mekong River branches. We developed a coupled 1-D to 2-D unstructured grid using Delft3D Flexible Mesh software. The model domain covered the Mekong Delta extending to the East (South China Sea) and West (Gulf of Thailand) seas, while the scenarios included the presence of high dykes in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle (LXQ), the Plain of Reeds (PoR) and the Trans-Bassac regions. The model was calibrated for the year 2000 high-flow season. Results show that the inclusion of high dykes changes the percentages of seaward outflow through the different Mekong branches and slightly redistributes flow over the low-flow and high-flow seasons. The LXQ and PoR high dykes result in an increase in the daily mean water levels and a decrease in the tidal amplitudes in their adjacent river branches. Moreover, the different high-dyke systems not only have an influence on the hydrodynamics in their own branch, but also influence other branches due to the Vam Nao connecting channel. These conclusions also hold for the extreme flood scenarios of 1981 and 1991 that had larger peak flows but smaller flood volumes. Peak flood water levels in the Mekong Delta in 1981 and 1991 are comparable to the 2000 flood as peak floods decrease and elongate due to upstream flooding in Cambodia. Future studies will focus on sediment pathways and distribution as well as climate change impact assessment.

A Review of the Impact of Vegetation in Solar Control towards Enhanced Thermal Comfort and Energy Performance in Buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 428-434
Author(s):  
Dorcas A. Ayeni ◽  
Olaniyi O. Aluko ◽  
Morisade O. Adegbie
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Solar Control ◽  
The Impact

Man requires a thermal environment that is within the range of his adaptive capacity and if this fluctuates outside the normal, a reaction is required beyond its adaptive capacity which results to health challenges. Therefore, the aim of building design in the tropical region is to minimize the heat gain indoors and enhance evaporative cooling of the occupants of the space so as to achieve thermal comfort. In most cases, the passive technologies are not adequate in moderating indoor climate for human comfort thereby relying on active energy technique to provide the needed comfort for the building users. The need for the use of vegetation as a panacea for achieving comfortable indoor thermal conditions in housing is recognised by architects globally. However, the practice by architects in Nigeria is still at the lower ebb. The thrust of this paper therefore is to examine the impact of vegetation in solar control reducing thermal discomfort in housing thereby enhancing the energy performance of the buildings. Using secondary data, the paper identifies the benefits of vegetation in and around buildings to include improvement of indoor air quality through the aesthetics quality of the environment and concludes that vegetation in and around building will in no small measure contributes to saving energy consumption.

Perception of climate change and adaptation strategies in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Mishra ◽  
Valerian O. Pede
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Climatic Stress ◽  
Financial Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to first examine the factors affecting the intra-household perception of climate change. Second, the study investigates the impact of the perception of climatic stress on the operators’ and spouses’ intra-household adaptation strategies (farm and household financial strategies). Design/methodology/approach The study uses household survey data from Vietnam’s Mekong Delta. The study uses probit and negative binomial count data approaches to evaluate the empirical model. Findings Results confirm the existence of intra-household gender differences in the adaptation strategies. The authors found that although spouses perceive climatic stress, they are less likely to adapt to such stresses when it comes farming enterprise, but more likely to adapt to household financial strategies. In contrast, farm operators, in the presence of climatic stresses, undertake both farm and household finance adaptation strategies. Practical implications Investment in climate smart agriculture can help households in managing climatic stresses. Originality/value A farmer in Asia, and Vietnam in particular, faces significant risks from climatic changes. In Vietnam, agriculture is easily affected by natural disasters and climatic changes. This study provides insights into the perception of climatic changes by operators and spouses in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta. Perceived changes in the climate have a greater impact on women because they typically lack the necessary tools to adapt to climate change. The current findings could be useful in managing climatic risk in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta and be helpful to policymakers in designing risk management strategies in response to climatic changes.

scholarly journals Age and forming conditions of groundwater in the middle Pliocene aquifer in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, based on the results of carbon radioactive isotope study

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Hoang Quoc Viet Lam ◽  
A. B. Lisenkov ◽  
V. J. Lavrushin ◽  
K. V. Belov
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Isotope ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Recharge Area ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
North East ◽  
Geostatistical Interpolation ◽  
Isotope Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Middle Pliocene

The results of studying and assessment of the impact of climate change on the groundwater in the Mekong delta have indicated that the exploitation of quaternary aquifers is not enough to solve the task of water supply in the region. Therefore, in the exploitation plan of groundwater in the Mekong Delta, the greatest prospects are bound with Pliocene aquifers. So, by using of carbon radioactive isotope to determine the age and forming conditions of groundwater in the middle Pliocene aquifer in the Mekong Delta, the important information for planning exploitation and zoning of areas subject to restrained exploitation of groundwater is retrieved. The determination of the age with the use of carbon radioactive isotope study in the complex with the geostatistical interpolation techniques allowed creation age map of middle-Pliocene aquifer with high accuracy nad determination the recharge area on the north-east of the Mekong delta (South-Eastern area). From the recharge area, groundwater flows in the south-west direction at a flow velocity of 8 m/year and discharges into the sea (Siam Golf and Eastern sea). It is the first time by using geostatistical interpolation «cokriging» of two parameters (age - key parameter and depth of sampling - extra parameter). The tasks to improve the accuracy of specialized maps in Vietnam have been solved. The age map has been made with the correlation parameter 0,9, that justifies the high efficiency of the studies. Furthermore, results of the correlation between age and concentration chlorine of groundwater in the middle-Pliocene aquifer (n22) allowed making a suggestion, that formation of mineralized water is a result of mixing of meteoric water with the sedimentation waters of initial sea genesis, which were formed during Flandrian transgression which began about 21000 years ago and ended 4200 years ago.

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