Forest biomass as carbon sink‐economic value and forest management/policy implications

With the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gases, Switzerland is committed to reducing CO2emissions by 4.2 million tonnes by 2008. The forests in Switzerland could contribute to the country's national carbon balance with maximum 1.8 million tonnes reduction of CO2. With an increased use of the forest the emissions could be reduced by up to 2 million tonnes by the substitution of other materials. With a targeted forest management policy carbon sink reduction and the substitution value of the forest could be balanced against one another. In the framework of climate policy the Federal government should create the legal and organisational conditions for this.

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Assessment of Carbon Stock in Forest Biomass and Emission Reduction Potential in Malaysia

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12101294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1294

Author(s):

Asif Raihan ◽

Rawshan Ara Begum ◽

Mohd Nizam Mohd Said ◽

Joy Jacqueline Pereira

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Policy Implementation ◽

Emission Reduction ◽

Carbon Stock ◽

Climate Change Mitigation ◽

Carbon Sink ◽

Economic Value ◽

Forest Biomass ◽

Forest Carbon ◽

Change Mitigation

Malaysia has a large extent of forest cover that plays a crucial role in storing biomass carbon and enhancing carbon sink (carbon sequestration) and reducing atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions, which helps to reduce the negative impacts of global climate change. This article estimates the economic value of forest carbon stock and carbon value per hectare of forested area based on the price of removing per ton CO2eq in USD from 1990 to 2050. The economic value of biomass carbon stored in the forests is estimated at nearly USD 51 billion in 2020 and approximately USD 41 billion in 2050, whereas carbon value per hectare forest area is estimated at USD 2885 in 2020 and USD 2388 in 2050. If the BAU scenario of forest loss (converting forests to other land use) continues, the projected estimation of carbon stock and its economic value might fall until 2050 unless further initiatives on proper planning of forest management and ambitious policy implementation are taken. Instead, Malaysia’s CO2 emission growth started to fall after 2010 due to rising forest carbon sink of 282 million tons between 2011 and 2016, indicating a huge potential of Malaysian forests for future climate change mitigation. The estimated and projected value of carbon stock in Malaysian forest biomass, annual growth of forest carbon, forest carbon density and carbon sink would be useful for the better understanding of enhancing carbon sink by avoiding deforestation, sustainable forest management, forest conservation and protection, accurate reporting of national carbon inventories and policy-making decisions. The findings of this study could also be useful in meeting emission reduction targets and policy implementation related to climate change mitigation in Malaysia.

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The influence of common property rights on forest management policy: a case study in Sardinia region, Italy

Forestry Studies / Metsanduslikud Uurimused ◽

10.2478/v10132-012-0002-8 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 16-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alessandro Paletto ◽

Isabella De Meo ◽

Fabrizio Ferretti

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Property Rights ◽

Common Property ◽

Private Property ◽

Local Development ◽

Management Policy ◽

Private Forests ◽

The Public ◽

The Common

Abstract The property rights and the type of ownership (private owners, public domain and commons) are two fundamental concepts in relationship to the local development and to the social and environmental sustainability. Common forests were established in Europe since the Middle Ages, but over the centuries the importance of commons changed in parallel with economic and social changes. In recent decades, the scientific debate focused on the forest management efficiency and sustainability of this type of ownership in comparison to the public and private property. In Italy common forests have a long tradition with substantial differences in the result of historical evolution in various regions. In Sardinia region the private forests are 377.297 ha, the public forests are 201.324 ha, while around 120.000 ha are commons. The respect of the common rights changed in the different historical periods. Today, the common lands are managed directly by municipalities or indirectly through third parties, in both cases the involvement of members of community is very low. The main objective of the paper is to analyse forest management differences in public institutions with and without common property rights. To achieve the objective of the research the forest management preferences of community members and managers were evaluated and compared. The analysis was realized through the use of the principal-agent model and it has been tested in a case study in Sardinia region (Arci-Grighine district). The analysis of the results showed that the categories of actors considered (members of community, municipalities and managers) have a marked productive profile, but municipalities manage forests perceiving a moderate multifunctionality. Moreover, the representatives of the municipalities pay more attention to the interests of the collectivity in comparison to the external managers. They also attribute high importance to environmental and social forest functions.

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A value-added forest management policy reduces the impact of fire on timber production in Canadian boreal forests

Forest Policy and Economics ◽

10.1016/j.forpol.2018.09.002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 97 ◽

pp. 21-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Baburam Rijal ◽

Frédéric Raulier ◽

David L. Martell

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Boreal Forests ◽

Value Added ◽

Management Policy ◽

Timber Production ◽

A Value ◽

The Impact

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Impacts of Alternative Harvesting and Natural Disturbance Scenarios on Forest Biomass in the Superior National Forest, USA

Forests ◽

10.3390/f9080491 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 491 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Matthew Russell ◽

Stephanie Patton ◽

David Wilson ◽

Grant Domke ◽

Katie Frerker

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Forest Biomass ◽

Natural Disturbance ◽

Timber Harvest ◽

Timber Harvesting ◽

Volume Control ◽

National Forest ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Natural Disturbances ◽

Project Area

The amount of biomass stored in forest ecosystems is a result of past natural disturbances, forest management activities, and current structure and composition such as age class distributions. Although natural disturbances are projected to increase in their frequency and severity on a global scale in the future, forest management and timber harvesting decisions continue to be made at local scales, e.g., the ownership or stand level. This study simulated potential changes in natural disturbance regimes and their interaction with timber harvest goals across the Superior National Forest (SNF) in northeastern Minnesota, USA. Forest biomass stocks and stock changes were simulated for 120 years under three natural disturbance and four harvest scenarios. A volume control approach was used to estimate biomass availability across the SNF and a smaller project area within the SNF (Jeanette Project Area; JPA). Results indicate that under current harvest rates and assuming disturbances were twice that of normal levels resulted in reductions of 2.62 to 10.38% of forest biomass across the four primary forest types in the SNF and JPA, respectively. Under this scenario, total biomass stocks remained consistent after 50 years at current and 50% disturbance rates, but biomass continued to decrease under a 200%-disturbance scenario through 120 years. In comparison, scenarios that assumed both harvest and disturbance were twice that of normal levels and resulted in reductions ranging from 14.18 to 29.85% of forest biomass. These results suggest that both natural disturbances and timber harvesting should be considered to understand their impacts to future forest structure and composition. The implications from simulations like these can provide managers with strategic approaches to determine the economic and ecological outcomes associated with timber harvesting and disturbances.

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An attempt to assess the monetary value of carbon absorbed in the Polish forest sector

Folia Forestalia Polonica ◽

10.2478/ffp-2018-0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 3-10

Author(s):

Krzysztof Jabłoński ◽

Włodzimierz Stempski

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Forest Management ◽

Emissions Trading ◽

Carbon Sink ◽

High Price ◽

Reference Level ◽

Trading System ◽

Climate Convention ◽

Emissions Trading System ◽

The Eu

Abstract Forests and forest management play a vital role in capture and storage of carbon dioxide, which contributes to mitigation of climate change. Forests are not only a natural carbon sink. Proper forest management can enhance biomass production, providing wood to be converted into e.g. construction timber, paper and furniture as well as wood fuels and, as a result, considerably enlarge this carbon sink. Poland, being a party of the Climate Convention and Kyoto Protocol and a member of the EU is obliged to provide yearly reports on carbon emissions and sequestration, including the Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector, of which forestry is the leading constituent. Forests, with the sequestration rate at a level of 3.93 t CO2·ha−1 form practically the only important carbon sink in the LULUCF category. Unfortunately the LULUCF sector has not been yet included in the current climate policy framework. The purpose of the study was an attempt to estimate the hypothetical value of carbon stored in forestry, resulting from the reported quantities of the emitted and sequestered carbon. The calculations were based on figures included in the National Inventory Report for Poland, reported yearly to the Secretariat of the Climate Convention. Among the forestry carbon sources/sinks, reported annually, the sequestration resulting from forest management significantly exceeds the net sequestration from afforestation/deforestation activities. Average data from recent years show that forest management is a net CO2 sink, with 12 Mt CO2·y−1 (above the forest management reference level, FMRL), and when combined with the carbon pool change resulting from afforestation/deforestation activities, it can be regarded as a net carbon sink sequestering nearly 15 Mt CO2·y−1. That value, when multiplied by the price of carbon emission allowance (e.g. EUA), could be a source of over 80 mill Euros per year, if used as a commodity on the emissions market. Due to high price volatility of CO2 emission allowances, the calculated profits are hypothetical, and the EU Emissions Trading System does not include forestry. These potential gains can become realistic after the LULUCF sector has been included in the emissions trading system.

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Conducting an Evaluation Framework of Importance-Performance Analysis for Sustainable Forest Management in a Rural Area

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12101357 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1357

Author(s):

Hsing-Chih Chen ◽

Tien-Pai Tseng ◽

Kun Cheng ◽

Supasit Sriarkarin ◽

Wanyun Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Performance Analysis ◽

Indigenous People ◽

Rural Area ◽

Sustainable Forest Management ◽

Evaluation Framework ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Forest Stewardship Council ◽

Sustainable Rural Development ◽

Forest Stewardship

We established an evaluation framework for sustainable forest management (SFM) development based on locals’ perspectives using the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method in a rural area of Taiwan. It identified the factors that affected local people’s participation in and awareness of SFM based on local demographics, development factors of SFM, and perceptions of SFM, through the logistic regression method (LRM). Both the levels of importance and performance (I-P) of the SFM indicators were rated by the local residents and the differences between importance–performance among indigenous and non-indigenous people were examined. The factors that affected differentiation of local people’s participation in the SFM program were: (1) forestry workers, (2) indigenous people, and (3) SFM development factors. The findings provide both theoretical constructs and policy implications for SFM mechanisms for the forest stewardship council (FSC) and sustainable development goals (SDGs) in a sustainable rural development.

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PENGINGKARAN HAK MASYARAKAT ADAT ATAS TANAH ULAYAT OLEH KEBIJAKAN KEHUTANAN

HUMANIKA ◽

10.21831/hum.v8i1.21006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Setiati Widihastuti

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Natural Resources ◽

The State ◽

Natural Resources Management ◽

Management Policy ◽

Resources Management ◽

Forestry Policy ◽

The Government ◽

Normative Aspect

Forest is the part of customary system of the tribe society. However, the forest management done by them is not facilitated in the forestry policy. The centralistic forestry policy causes the overlapping conception of the tribe forest to the state forest. While it formal normative aspect causes the acces of the tribes to the forest closed and causes reduction of wisdom-based supervision conducted by them. In fact, the community wisdom-based supervision in the socio-culture potential needing a revitalization and development as the new basis of the change of natural resources management policy which is recently controlled by the goverment proved to be the cause of law and economy harassment to the tribes society of Indonesia. Now we need to change the perception about the forest natural recource management policy controlled only by the government of the forestry instances. It should be the policy based on the community and its development principles to realize the regulation of the forest natural resources consumption. Therefore, the area division is needed to overcome the problems.

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Analisis Manfaat Ekonomi Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Syarif Hasyim Pekanbaru

Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia ◽

10.31258/dli.3.2.p.113-121 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Muhibbin Annas ◽

Suardi Tarumun ◽

Tengku Nurhidayah

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Sustainable Management ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Carbon Sink ◽

Economic Value ◽

Soil Sampling ◽

Primary Data ◽

Plot Sampling ◽

Carbon Saturation

The aims of these research are ; 1) to analyze the economic value of Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Syarif Hasyim, consist of : log value, carbon value and reducing soil erosion value. 2) to analyze some alternatives policies to meet the sustainable management of Tahura Sultan Syarif Hasyim, Pekanbaru. The research was held on Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Syarif Hasyim, Pekanbaru from August to November 2014. The methode of research is survey and the analysist methode is descriptive kuantitative analysist. The primary data are collected with line plot sampling and soil sampling. The results show that the economic value of 2,412 ha (the remaining Tahura area covered by forest) are: log value IDR 2,434,799,820.00 year-1, carbon value IDR 18,718,898,525.19 year-1 consist: carbon sink value IDR 5,919,446,552.45 year-1 and carbon saturation value IDR 12,799,451,972.74 year-1. The reducing erosion value IDR 83,349,849,057.00 year-1. To optimalize the economic value, the policies are: 1) To restore the Tahura area directly into conservation forest with forest cover. 2) To restore the Tahura area gradually into conservation forest with forest cover and 3) To restore Tahura by collaborating management.

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