The Moderating Effect of Identity Style on the Relation Between Adolescent Problem Behavior and Quality of Psychological Functioning

Background: Research on quality of life (QoL) of chronically ill patients provides an opportunity to evaluate the efficacy of long-term treatments. Although it is established that opioid replacement therapy is an effective treatment for opioid-dependent patients, there is little knowledge about physical and psychological functioning of QoL for different treatment options. Objectives: Altogether, 248 opioid-dependent patients receiving substitution treatment with either methadone/levomethadone (n = 126), diamorphine (n = 85), or buprenorphine (n = 37) were recruited in 6 German therapy centers. Methods: Sociodemographic data were collected. QoL – physical and psychological functioning – for different substitutes was assessed using the Profile of the Quality of Life in the Chronically Ill (PLC) questionnaire. Results: Patient groups were similar regarding age and duration of opioid dependence. Employment rate was significantly higher (p < 0.005, φ = 0.22) in the buprenorphine group (46%) compared to methadone (18%). Dosage adjustments were more frequent (p < 0.001, φ = 0.29) in diamorphine (55%) than in methadone (30%) or buprenorphine (19%) patients. Buprenorphine and diamorphine patients rated their physical functioning substantially higher than methadone patients (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.141). Diamorphine patients reported a higher psychological functioning (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.078) and overall life improvement (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.060) compared to methadone, but not compared to buprenorphine patients (both p > 0.25). Conclusion: Measurement of important QoL aspects indicates significant differences for physical and psychological functioning in patients receiving the substitutes methadone/levomethadone, diamorphine, and buprenorphine. This could be relevant for the differential therapy of opioid addiction.

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Moderating effect of sense of coherence on the relationship between symptom distress and health-related quality of life in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy

Supportive Care in Cancer ◽

10.1007/s00520-021-06003-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kaori Asaba ◽

Akiko Okawa

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cancer Chemotherapy ◽

Sense Of Coherence ◽

Symptom Distress ◽

Moderating Effect ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related ◽

The Relationship

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Evaluation of the interactionist model of socioeconomic status and problem behavior: A developmental cascade across generations

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579410000374 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 695-713 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Monica J. Martin ◽

Rand D. Conger ◽

Thomas J. Schofield ◽

Shannon J. Dogan ◽

Keith F. Widaman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Problem Behavior ◽

Human Development ◽

Problem Behaviors ◽

Family Stress ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Social Selection ◽

Social Causation ◽

Adolescent Problem Behavior ◽

The Social

AbstractThe current multigenerational study evaluates the utility of the interactionist model of socioeconomic influence on human development (IMSI) in explaining problem behaviors across generations. The IMSI proposes that the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and human development involves a dynamic interplay that includes both social causation (SES influences human development) and social selection (individual characteristics affect SES). As part of the developmental cascade proposed by the IMSI, the findings from this investigation showed that Generation 1 (G1) adolescent problem behavior predicted later G1 SES, family stress, and parental emotional investments, as well as the next generation of children's problem behavior. These results are consistent with a social selection view. Consistent with the social causation perspective, we found a significant relation between G1 SES and family stress, and in turn, family stress predicted Generation 2 (G2) problem behavior. Finally, G1 adult SES predicted both material and emotional investments in the G2 child. In turn, emotional investments predicted G2 problem behavior, as did material investments. Some of the predicted pathways varied by G1 parent gender. The results are consistent with the view that processes of both social selection and social causation account for the association between SES and human development.

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First-Time Fathers’ Study: Psychological Distress in Expectant Fathers During Pregnancy

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/00048670701517959 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 41 (9) ◽

pp. 718-725 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

Philip Boyce ◽

John Condon ◽

Jodi Barton ◽

Carolyn Corkindale

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Psychological Functioning ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

First Trimester ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽

Expectant Fathers ◽

Excess Number

Objective: High levels of distress have previously been reported among expectant fathers, with the level of distress for new fathers falling after the birth and during the first year of their infants’ lives. The aim of the present study was to report on the associations with the fathers’ initial high levels of distress. Method: The men completed a series of questionnaires on various aspects of their psychological functioning at a baseline assessment when their partners were in the late first trimester of their pregnancy. The General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) was the key measure of psychological distress for the present study. Men scoring >5 on the GHQ were considered to be cases of distress. The cases and non-cases were contrasted on the baseline psychosocial measures. Results: A total of 312 men completed the questionnaires, of whom 18.6% were designated as cases. GHQ caseness was associated with high levels of symptoms on other measures of psychological distress, higher levels of alcohol consumption, poorer quality of their current intimate relationship, poorer social support, a lower quality of life, high levels of neuroticism and the use of immature ego defences. Multiple regression analysis identified the key variables associated with psychological distress to be high levels of neuroticism, dissatisfaction with social support and an excess number of additional life events. Conclusions: Psychological distress among expectant fathers is associated with a range of psychological variables, particularly poor marital relationship and poor social networks. This is consistent with a general vulnerability model for psychological distress. Fathers who had insufficient information about pregnancy and childbirth were also at risk of being distressed, suggesting that more attention needs to be paid to providing information to men about their partner's pregnancy, childbirth and issues relating to caring for a newborn infant.

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