scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility study of polyacrylate TiO2@Ag coated nanoparticles for the radiation dose enhancement

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
Ateeque Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Hassan ◽  
Sadia Bano ◽  
Khizir Farooq ◽  
Aun Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Enhancement ◽  
Coated Nanoparticles ◽  
Biocompatibility Study

Dosimetry and Radioenhancement Comparison of Gold Nanoparticles in Kilovoltage and Megavoltage Radiotherapy using MAGAT Polymer Gel Dosimeter

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2Apr) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Farahani ◽  
N Riyahi Alam ◽  
S Haghgoo ◽  
M Khoobi ◽  
Gh Geraily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
External Radiotherapy ◽  
Dose Enhancement ◽  
Internal Radiotherapy ◽  
Boost Radiotherapy

Background: Numerous unique characteristics of the nanosized gold, including high atomic number, low toxicity, and high biocompatibility make it one of the most appropriate nanostructures to boost radiotherapy efficacy. Many in-vivo and in-vitro investigations have indicated that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can significantly increase tumor injuries in low kilovoltage radiotherapy. While deep-lying tumors require much higher energy levels with greater penetration power, and investigations carried out in megavoltage energy range show contradictory results.Objective: In this study, we quantitatively assess and compare dose enhancement factors (DEFs) obtained through AuNPs under radiation of Cobalt-60 source (1.25MeV) versus Iridium-192 source (0.380 KeV) using MAGAT gel dosimeter.Material and Methods: MAGAT polymer gel in both pure and combined with 0.2 mM AuNPs was synthesized. In order to quantify the effect of energy on DEF, irradiation was carried out by Co-60 external radiotherapy and Ir-192 internal radiotherapy. Finally, readings of irradiated and non-irradiated gels were performed by MR imaging.Result: The radiation-induced R2 (1/T2) changes of the gel tubes doped with AuNPs compared to control samples, upon irradiation of beams released by Ir-192 source showed a significant dose enhancement (15.31% ±0.30) relative to the Co-60 external radiotherapy (5.85% ±0.14).Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests the feasibility of using AuNPs in radiation therapy (RT), especially in low-energy sources of brachytherapy. In addition, MAGAT polymer gel, as a powerful dosimeter, could be used for 3D visualization of radiation dose distribution of AuNPs in radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Optimization of X-ray Investigations in Dentistry Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4554
Author(s):  
Ralph-Alexandru Erdelyi ◽  
Virgil-Florin Duma ◽  
Cosmin Sinescu ◽  
George Mihai Dobre ◽  
Adrian Bradu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
X Rays ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray

The most common imaging technique for dental diagnoses and treatment monitoring is X-ray imaging, which evolved from the first intraoral radiographs to high-quality three-dimensional (3D) Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Other imaging techniques have shown potential, such as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). We have recently reported on the boundaries of these two types of techniques, regarding. the dental fields where each one is more appropriate or where they should be both used. The aim of the present study is to explore the unique capabilities of the OCT technique to optimize X-ray units imaging (i.e., in terms of image resolution, radiation dose, or contrast). Two types of commercially available and widely used X-ray units are considered. To adjust their parameters, a protocol is developed to employ OCT images of dental conditions that are documented on high (i.e., less than 10 μm) resolution OCT images (both B-scans/cross sections and 3D reconstructions) but are hardly identified on the 200 to 75 μm resolution panoramic or CBCT radiographs. The optimized calibration of the X-ray unit includes choosing appropriate values for the anode voltage and current intensity of the X-ray tube, as well as the patient’s positioning, in order to reach the highest possible X-rays resolution at a radiation dose that is safe for the patient. The optimization protocol is developed in vitro on OCT images of extracted teeth and is further applied in vivo for each type of dental investigation. Optimized radiographic results are compared with un-optimized previously performed radiographs. Also, we show that OCT can permit a rigorous comparison between two (types of) X-ray units. In conclusion, high-quality dental images are possible using low radiation doses if an optimized protocol, developed using OCT, is applied for each type of dental investigation. Also, there are situations when the X-ray technology has drawbacks for dental diagnosis or treatment assessment. In such situations, OCT proves capable to provide qualitative images.

Bioinspired nanocarriers for an effective chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Shuo Wu ◽  
Xiaoqiu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Coated Nanoparticles ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Long Time

Drug-loaded nanoparticles have been widely researched in the antitumor. However, some of them are unsatisfactory in the long blood circulation and controlled drug release. Red blood cell (RBC) membrane vesicles (RV)-coated nanoparticles have gained more and more attention in drug delivery for their many unique advantages, such as excellent stability, long blood circulation, and reduced the macrophage cells uptake. Herein, by utilizing the advantages of RV, we fabricated RV-coated poly(lactide- co-glycolide) (PLGA)–docetaxel (RV/PLGA/DTX) nanoparticles to enhance the antitumor efficiency in vivo. The RV/PLGA/DTX showed spherical morphology with particle size of about 100 nm and zeta potential at −12.63 mV, which could maintain stability for a long time. The RV/PLGA/DTX significantly enhanced cellular uptake of DTX compared to PLGA/DTX in HepG2 cells. Moreover, RV/PLGA/DTX showed the strongest antitumor effect in vitro. Prolonged blood circulation and enhanced DTX accumulation at the tumor site through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect were achieved by RV/PLGA/DTX, which eventually obtained satisfactory antitumor effect and depressed system toxicity on mice bearing HepG2 xenografts mouse models when compared with free DTX. The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunofluorescence assays further proved the advantages of RV/PLGA/DTX in vivo antitumor. These RV-coated nanoparticles provide a mimetic therapy, completely inhibited the growth of the HepG2 cells, and with simple compositions, suggesting it to be an ideal strategy for improving the antitumor effect of drug-loaded nanoparticles.

Novel HA-PVA/NOCC bilayered scaffold for osteochondral tissue-engineering applications – Fabrication, characterization, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility study

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Syuhada Ibrahim ◽  
Genasan Krishnamurithy ◽  
Hanumantha Rao Balaji Raghavendran ◽  
Subramaniam Puvaneswary ◽  
Ng Wuey Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Osteochondral Tissue ◽  
Osteochondral Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biocompatibility Study

scholarly journals Photoacoustic Properties of Polypyrrole Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2457
Author(s):  
Peter Keša ◽  
Monika Paúrová ◽  
Michal Babič ◽  
Tomáš Heizer ◽  
Petr Matouš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Photoacoustic Signal ◽  
Ammonium Persulphate ◽  
Coated Nanoparticles ◽  
Polypyrrole Nanoparticles ◽  
Signal Dependence

Photoacoustic imaging, an emerging modality, provides supplemental information to ultrasound imaging. We investigated the properties of polypyrrole nanoparticles, which considerably enhance contrast in photoacoustic images, in relation to the synthesis procedure and to their size. We prepared polypyrrole nanoparticles by water-based redox precipitation polymerization in the presence of ammonium persulphate (ratio nPy:nOxi 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:5) or iron(III) chloride (nPy:nOxi 1:2.3) acting as an oxidant. To stabilize growing nanoparticles, non-ionic polyvinylpyrrolidone was used. The nanoparticles were characterized and tested as a photoacoustic contrast agent in vitro on an imaging platform combining ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. High photoacoustic signals were obtained with lower ratios of the oxidant (nPy:nAPS ≥ 1:2), which corresponded to higher number of conjugated bonds in the polymer. The increasing portion of oxidized structures probably shifted the absorption spectra towards shorter wavelengths. A strong photoacoustic signal dependence on the nanoparticle size was revealed; the signal linearly increased with particle surface. Coated nanoparticles were also tested in vivo on a mouse model. To conclude, polypyrrole nanoparticles represent a promising contrast agent for photoacoustic imaging. Variations in the preparation result in varying photoacoustic properties related to their structure and allow to optimize the nanoparticles for in vivo imaging.

In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility study on acellular sheep periosteum for guided bone regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 015013
Author(s):  
Jing He ◽  
Zhenning Li ◽  
Tianhao Yu ◽  
Weizuo Wang ◽  
Meihan Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Biocompatibility Study

Boosting the Food Functionality (In Vivo and In Vitro) of Spirulina by Gamma Radiation: An Inspiring Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahid M. M. Islam ◽  
Md. Ismail ◽  
Md. Rakibul Islam ◽  
Md. Faruk Hossain ◽  
Hossain Uddin Shekhar
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Radiation Doses

Abstract Foods (natural or processed) containing known biologically active compounds, which supplies clinically established and well-documented health benefits, are termed as functional food. Study objectives were to boost food functionality of spirulina, to optimize the required radiation dose, and to test functionality of spirulina both in vitro and in vivo. For this purpose fat binding capacity, sugar binding capacity, hydration property, antioxidative property, total polyphenol content were assessed at different radiation doses. A total of 30 rats were divided into three groups to carry out in vivo experiments to validate the outcomes of in vitro experiments. Targeted physico-chemical properties of spirulina were increased at their maximum level at 15 kGy radiation dose. In vivo experiments validated the outcomes of in vitro experiments. Though gamma radiation improves food functionality of spirulina at various radiation doses, but the optimum dose is recommended as 15 kGy.

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