HPTLC Analysis of the Antioxidant and Possible Antidiabetic Chlorogenic Acid in the in situ and in vitro Populations of the Low-calorie Sweetener Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 872-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devendra Kumar Pandey ◽  
Abhijit Dey
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Sweetener

IDENTIFIKASI GLIKOSIDA DAN EVALUASI FISIK FORMULA PEMANIS RENDAH KALORI TANAMAN STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana Bentoni) PADA MINUMAN FUNGSIONAL BIR PLETOK

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Dita Dwi Indahsari
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
The Public ◽  
Physical Evaluation ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
Functional Drink ◽  
Low Calorie Sweetener ◽  
Gravity Test

Instant drinks, which are often consumed by the public, are mostly sweetened drinks that contain high calories and artificialsweeteners and can cause various diseases, such as obesity, cancer, diabetes and others. This can be controlled and prevented by consuminglow-calorie sweeteners. Stevia is a plant that has a sweetness of 300 times that of sucrose, so it can be used as a low-calorie sweetener, suchas in the functional drink Pletok beer. This study aims to identify glycosides and to evaluate the physical evaluation of the low-caloriesweetener formula for Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) in the functional beverage of Bir Pletok. Physical evaluation and hedonism test werecarried out on 20 panelists and 1 expert panelist, then analyzed descriptively. In this study, several tests of instant preparations were carriedout, namely organoleptic test, pH test, specific gravity test, movable volume test and hedonism test on 20 panelists and 1 expert panelist. Theresults of the research that have been done show that the leaves of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) contain diterpenoid glycosides and based onall test preparations the best formula of the three formulas is Formula II. Keywords: Sweeteners, Stevia, Functional Drinks, Bir Pletok, Glycosides.

Heritability for yield, leaf:stem ratio and stevioside content estimated from a landrace cultivar of Stevia rebaudiana

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1263-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Brandle ◽  
N. Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Potential Food ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Low Calorie Sweetener ◽  
Selection Of

Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni is a herbaceous perennial native to the highlands of Paraguay. A number of compounds in the leaf tissue have a potential food use as low-calorie sweeteners. The purpose of this work was to determine if sufficient genetic variability was present in a landrace cultivar of stevia to allow selection of lines with agronomic and chemical properties suitable to local production conditions. Leaf yield, leaf:stem ratio and stevioside concentration were all found to be highly heritable. Leaf-yield levels were comparable to those in other stevia-producing areas. Stevioside concentration was higher, probably as a result of production under long days. These initial results also show that improvement of stevia through selection is possible and that it has potential for production in southwestern Ontario.Key words: Response to selection, low-calorie sweetener

Correlated Studies of Cellular Interactions Using TEM, Freeze Etching, and SEM

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 320-321
Author(s):  
J. P. Revel
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Early Developmental

Movement of individual cells or of cell sheets and complex patterns of folding play a prominent role in the early developmental stages of the embryo. Our understanding of these processes is based on three- dimensional reconstructions laboriously prepared from serial sections, and from autoradiographic and other studies. Many concepts have also evolved from extrapolation of investigations of cell movement carried out in vitro. The scanning electron microscope now allows us to examine some of these events in situ. It is possible to prepare dissections of embryos and even of tissues of adult animals which reveal existing relationships between various structures more readily than used to be possible vithout an SEM.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

In Situ Localization of PPAR Gamma and Uncoupling Protein in Mouse Embryo Sections Using Digoxigenin-Labeled Riboprobes

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
C. Jennermann ◽  
S. A. Kliewer ◽  
D. C. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Ppar Gamma ◽  
Nuclear Hormone Receptor ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARg) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and has been shown in vitro to regulate genes involved in lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation. By Northern analysis, we and other researchers have shown that expression of this receptor predominates in adipose tissue in adult mice, and appears first in whole-embryo mRNA at 13.5 days postconception. In situ hybridization was used to find out in which developing tissues PPARg is specifically expressed.Digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes were generated using the Genius™ 4 RNA Labeling Kit from Boehringer Mannheim. Full length PPAR gamma, obtained by PCR from mouse liver cDNA, was inserted into pBluescript SK and used as template for the transcription reaction. Probes of average size 200 base pairs were made by partial alkaline hydrolysis of the full length transcripts. The in situ hybridization assays were performed as described previously with some modifications. Frozen sections (10 μm thick) of day 18 mouse embryos were cut, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and acetylated with 0.25% acetic anhydride in 1.0M triethanolamine buffer. The sections were incubated for 2 hours at room temperature in pre-hybridization buffer, and were then hybridized with a probe concentration of 200μg per ml at 70° C, overnight in a humidified chamber. Following stringent washes in SSC buffers, the immunological detection steps were performed at room temperature. The alkaline phosphatase labeled, anti-digoxigenin antibody and detection buffers were purchased from Boehringer Mannheim. The sections were treated with a blocking buffer for one hour and incubated with antibody solution at a 1:5000 dilution for 2 hours, both at room temperature. Colored precipitate was formed by exposure to the alkaline phosphatase substrate nitrobluetetrazoliumchloride/ bromo-chloroindlylphosphate.

CONSERVATION OF RARE SPECIES PLANTS AND LICHENS IN SITU WITH PLANNED ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES: BASIC APPROACHES AND IMPLEMENTATION PRINCIPLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
A. N. EFREMOV ◽  
N. V. PLIKINA ◽  
T. ABELI
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Social Risks

Rare species are most vulnerable to man-made impacts, due to their biological characteristics or natural resource management. As a rule, the economic impact is associated with the destruction and damage of individual organisms, the destruction or alienation of habitats. Unfortunately, the conservation of habitat integrity is an important protection strategy, which is not always achievable in the implementation of industrial and infrastructural projects. The aim of the publication is to summarize the experience in the field of protection of rare species in the natural habitat (in situ), to evaluate and analyze the possibility of using existing methods in design and survey activities. In this regard, the main methodological approaches to the protection of rare species in the natural habitat (in situ) during the proposed economic activity were reflected. The algorithm suggested by the authors for implementing the in situ project should include a preparatory stage (initial data collection, preliminary risk assessments, technology development, obtaining permitting documentation), the main stage, the content of which is determined by the selected technology and a long monitoring stage, which makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of the taken measures. Among the main risks of in situ technology implementation, the following can be noted: the limited resources of the population that do not allow for the implementation of the procedure without prior reproduction of individuals in situ (in vitro); limited knowledge of the biology of the species; the possibility of invasion; the possibility of crossing for closely related species that сo-exist in the same habitat; social risks and consequences, target species or population may be important for the local population; financial risks during the recovery of the population. The available experience makes it possible to consider the approach to the conservation of rare species in situ as the best available technology that contributes to reducing negative environmental risks.

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