scholarly journals Factors influencing the relationship between alcohol consumption and risky sexual behaviour among young people: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1483049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Wagenaar ◽  
Maria Florence ◽  
Sabirah Adams ◽  
Shazly Savahl ◽  
Feng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Neighbourhood Determinants of Early Sexual Debut and Multiple Sexual Partnerships: A cross-sectional Analysis of Adolescents in Rwanda, Ghana and South Africa.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebechukwu Henry Ugwu ◽  
Clifford Obby Odimegwu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Early Sexual Debut ◽  
Sexual Partnerships ◽  
Neighbourhood Characteristics ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partnerships ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and youth involvement in risky sexual behaviour such as early sexual debut and multiple sexual partnerships is well established in the literature. However, there are very few empirical studies using Demographic and Health Surveys to unpack the nature of this relationship in Africa. This study aims to identify the neighbourhood characteristics influencing young people's engagement in risky sexual behaviour in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses on young people aged 15 to 24 years were conducted using the most recent Demographic and Health Survey Data (DHS 2014-2016) from Ghana, Rwanda, and South Africa to investigate the relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and youth risky sexual behaviour. Results: Individual and, in particular, neighbourhood characteristics (community poverty, community occupation, community media access, and community education) were found to be substantially linked with youth risky sexual behaviour. Conclusion: To lower the incidence of risky sexual behaviour in the community, programs aimed at appropriate policy options must be intensified. Adopting the implications of these findings is critical for a developmental approach aimed at reaching Africa’s long-term development goal of eliminating STIs among young people.

Interventions to prevent substance use and risky sexual behaviour in young people: a systematic review

Addiction ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Jackson ◽  
Rosemary Geddes ◽  
Sally Haw ◽  
John Frank
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Amenable Resilience Factors that Moderate and/or Mediate the Relationship between Childhood Adversity and Mental Health in Young People

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Fritz ◽  
Anne de Graaff ◽  
Helen Caisley ◽  
Anne-Laura Van Harmelen ◽  
Paul O. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
The Relationship

THIS IS A PRE-PRINT OF AN ARTICLE PUBLISHED IN "FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY - SPECIAL ISSUE: RESILIENCE, LIFE EVENTS, TRAJECTORIES AND THE BRAIN (9: 230)". THE FINAL AUTHENTICATED VERSION IS AVAILABLE ONLINE AT: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00230Background: Up to half of Western children and adolescents experience at least one type of childhood adversity. Individuals with a history of childhood adversity have an increased risk of psychopathology. Resilience enhancing factors reduce the risk of psychopathology following childhood adversity. A comprehensive overview of empirically supported resilience factors is critically important for interventions aimed to increase resilience in young people. Moreover, such an overview may aid the development of novel resilience theories. Therefore, we conducted the first systematic review of social, emotional, cognitive and/ or behavioural resilience factors after childhood adversity.Methods: We systematically searched Web of Science, PsycINFO and Scopus (e.g. including MEDLINE) for English, Dutch and German literature. We included cohort studies that examined whether a resilience factor was a moderator and/ or a mediator for the relationship between childhood adversity and psychopathology in young people (mean age 13-24). Therefore, studies were included if the resilience factor was assessed prior to psychopathology, and childhood adversity was assessed no later than the resilience factor. Study data extraction was based on the STROBE report and study quality was assessed with an adapted version of Downs and Black’s scale. The preregistered protocol can be found at: http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42016051978.Results: The search identified 1969 studies, of which 22 were included (eight nationalities, study sample n range: 59-6780). We found empirical support for 13 of 25 individual-level (e.g. high self-esteem, low rumination), six of 12 family-level (e.g. high family cohesion, high parental involvement), and one of five community-level resilience factors (i.e. high social support), to benefit mental health in young people exposed to childhood adversity. Single versus multiple resilience factor models supported the notion that resilience factors should not be studied in isolation, and that interrelations between resilience factors should be taken into account when predicting psychopathology after childhood adversity.Conclusions: Interventions that improve individual, family, and/ or social support resilience factors may reduce the risk of psychopathology following childhood adversity. Future research should scrutinize whether resilience factors function as a complex interrelated system that benefits mental health resilience after childhood adversity.

scholarly journals Actividad física y consumo de alcohol en adultos (Physical activity and alcohol consumption in adults)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Francisco Ruiz-Juan ◽  
Jorge Ruiz-Risueño Abad ◽  
Ernesto De la Cruz Sánchez ◽  
María Elena García Montes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Young People ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

El presente estudio aborda la relación entre dos factores del estilo de vida que tienen una especial incidencia en la salud de los adultos, como son la práctica habitual de ejercicio físico y el consumo de alcohol. Se evaluaron en 3329 sujetos mayores de 15 años el consumo de alcohol y la cantidad habitual de actividad física. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial, con una prueba de estadístico ÷2 (Chi-cuadrado de Pearson) para estimar las diferencias significativas existentes en los diferentes grupos. Los resultados muestran que los adultos estudiados tienen patrones de comportamiento similares al resto de la población española en lo que se refiere a la ingesta habitual de bebidas alcohólicas y práctica de actividad física cotidiana. Existen diferencias en el consumo habitual de alcohol en función de la cantidad actividad físico-deportiva realizada.Abstract: This study addresses the relationship between two lifestyle factors that have a particular impact on the health of young people, as are the usual practice of leisure-time physical activity and alcohol consumption. Were assessed in 3329 subjects older than 15 years the consumption of alcohol and the usual amount of physical activity. We used a Pearson Chi-square test to estimate the significant differences between groups. The results show that adults have studied patterns of behavior similar to the rest of the Spanish population in relation to the intake of alcohol and practice of physical activity daily. Differences in the consumption of alcohol depending on the quantity of leisure-time physical activity.

scholarly journals Does Having Comprehensive HIV and AIDS Knowledge Affect the Risky Sexual Behaviour of Young People in Sub – Saharan Africa: Pooled Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwamena Sekyi Dickson ◽  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Kenneth Setorwu Adde ◽  
Joshua Okyere ◽  
Felicia Commey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Aids Knowledge ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Risky sexual behaviours (RSB) include all those behaviours such as multiple sexual unions, inconsistent use of condoms, or having sex under the influence of stimulants which have a greater propensity to exacerbate an individual’s vulnerability to unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS. This study explores the relationship between comprehensive knowledge on HIV and RSB among young people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Methods: Data for this study were obtained from the current Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between 2010 and 2018 in 28 SSA countries. These countries were chosen because they had complete information on the variables of interest for both males and females. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted.Results: It was found that 54.4% of young women and 40.0% of young men engaged in RSB. This ranged from 16.1% in Lesotho to 91.6% in Sierra Leone among young women and 17.1% in Namibia to 80.5% in Sierra Leone among young men. We also found that young men [AOR=0.78, CI=0.73–0.84] and women [AOR=0.92, CI=0.87–0.98] who had comprehensive HIV and AIDS knowledge had lower odds of engaging in RSB compared to those who did not have comprehensive HIV and AIDS knowledge.Conclusion: The study showed a low level of comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS in SSA and a gap in the proportion of young males and females regarding comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Risky sexual behaviour varied by sex. This reflected in a higher proportion of young females (54.5%) indulging in RSB as compared to young males (40.0%). Our findings also revealed that comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS influences risky sexual behaviour of young people. Age, level of education, place of residence, wealth status, exposure to radio, television, and newspaper or magazine have a significant relationship with RSB. These findings infer the need for targeted messages and interventions for the various categories of young people in SSA with relevant information on comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Inflammation Predicts Decision-Making Characterized by Impulsivity, Present Focus, and an Inability to Delay Gratification

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
TCU Hill Lab
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Present Focus

Here, we propose a novel theoretical model linking present-focused decision-making to the activities of the immune system. We tested our model by examining the relationship between inflammatory activity – in vivo and in vitro – and decision-making characterized by impulsivity, present focus, and an inability to delay gratification. Results support our model, revealing that inflammation predicts these outcomes even after controlling for factors that may contribute to a spurious linkage between them. Moreover, subsequent analyses revealed that our model was a better fit for the data than alternative models using present-focused decision-making and its health-harming behavioural sequelae (e.g., smoking, risky sexual behaviour) to predict inflammation, lending support for the proposed directionality of this relationship. Together, these results suggest that inflammation may contribute to decision-making patterns that can result in undesirable personal and societal outcomes.

scholarly journals INTERNET, CIBERSEXO Y CONSUMO DE ALCOHOL: ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR EN ADOLESCENTES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Jesús Castro Calvo ◽  
Rafael Ballester Arnal ◽  
Maria Dolores Gil Llario ◽  
Vicente Morell Mengual ◽  
Pedro Salmerón Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Young People ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
The Internet ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Internet Abuse ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Deep Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract:The widespread use of the Internet has facilitated that young people become sexually active on the Internet. Some studies suggest that alcohol consumption or abuse of Internet are factors that influence the practice of cybersex. For this reason, we propose this work in order to explore the relationship between these variables and cybersex. Taking a sample of 127 students 14 years old, we have found that there is a deep relationship between Internet abuse, cybersex, and different aspects of alcohol consumption. From these results, we discuss important implications for the nosological status and general knowledge of Internet sex.Keywords: Cybersex, Internet addiction, Alcohol, teenagersResumen:El uso generalizado de Internet ha facilitado que cada vez sean más los jóvenes que inician su actividad sexual en Internet. Algunos estudios apuntan que el consumo de alcohol o el abuso de Internet son factores que influyen en la práctica del cibersexo, por lo que planteamos este trabajo con el objetivo de explorar la relación entre cibersexo y las variables mencionadas. Tomando una muestra de 127 estudiantes de 14 años, se constata que efectivamente existe una profunda relación entre consumo abusivo de Internet y cibersexo, y que éstas a su vez se relacionan con distintos  aspectos del consumo de alcohol. De estos resultados se derivan importantes implicaciones para el estatus nosológico y el conocimiento general del sexo en Internet.Palabras clave: Cibersexo, adicción a Internet, alcohol, Adolescentes

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