Deep cryogenic treatment of En 31 and En 8 steel for the development of wear resistance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
D. Senthilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
En 31

Deep Cryogenic Treatment Improves Wear Resistance of En 31 Steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Joseph Vimal ◽  
A. Bensely ◽  
D. Mohan Lal ◽  
K. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
En 31

Evaluation of Deep Criogenic Treatment at Microabrasive Wear of Aisi D2 Steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 1257-1263
Author(s):  
Cosme Roberto Moreira Silva ◽  
Tiago F.O. Melo ◽  
José A. Araújo ◽  
J.L.A. Ferreira ◽  
S.J. Gobbi
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Treatment Cycle ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Abrasive Resistance ◽  
Austenitization Temperature ◽  
Aisi D2 Steel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aisi D2 ◽  
D2 Steel

Wear resistance of tool steels can be increased with deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) application. Mechanisms related to DCT are still not completely understood. Microabrasive wear resistance of cryogenically treated samples of AISI D2 steel was evaluated in terms of austenitization temperature at heat treatment cycle and quenching steps related to DCT. X-ray difractometry, scanning and optical microscopy and quantitative evaluation of carbides with image analysis were carried out aiming material characterization. For samples subjected to higher austenitization temperatures, the DCT treatment does not increase abrasive wear resistance. For samples treated at lower austenitization temperature, the DCT treatment results on 44% increase at abrasive resistance. This effect is correlated to the increase of the amount of fine carbides distributed at samples matrices cryogenically treated.

Performance of a Matrix Type High Speed Steel after Deep Cryogenic and Low Tempering Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1423-1429
Author(s):  
Kaweewat Worasaen ◽  
Andreas Stark ◽  
Karuna Tuchinda ◽  
Piyada Suwanpinij
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Matrix Type ◽  
Bcc Structure

A matrix type high speed steel YXR3 designed for a combination of wear resistance and toughness is investigated for its mechanical properties after hardening by deep cryogenic treatment follow by tempering. The deep cryogenic quenching carried out at -200 °C for 36 hours and the single step tempering results in an obvious improvement in wear resistance while balancing the toughness, comparing with the conventional quenching followed by a double tempering treatment. The quantitative image analysis reveals little difference in the MC carbide size distribution between tempering at different temperatures. The synchrotron high energy XRD confirms the MC type carbide with some evolution in its orientation together with tempered martensite approaching the BCC structure at higher temperatures. In contrary to the conventional quenching and tempering, the lowest tempering temperature at 200 °C yields a moderate drop in hardness with increase in surface toughness proportionally while exhibiting exceptional wear resistance. Such thermal cycle can be recommended for the industry both for the practicality and improved tool life.

Improving scratch-resistance and wear-resistance of VN film by deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaobing Cai ◽  
Ran Chen ◽  
Jianguo Qian ◽  
Shujing Zheng ◽  
Shengyu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment

scholarly journals Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Carburized 20CrNi2MoV Steel

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binzhou Li ◽  
Changsheng Li ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Xin Jin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment ◽  
Carburizing Process ◽  
Ball On Disc

This paper investigated the response of carburized 20CrNi2MoV steel to cryogenic treatment including microstructure and wear resistance. Two cryogenic treatment methods including cryogenic treatment at −80 °C (CT) and deep cryogenic treatment at −196 °C (DCT) as well as conventional heat treatment (CHT) were carried out after carburizing process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were employed for microstructure characterization. The wear resistance was investigated by ball-on-disc sliding wear test on a multi-functional tribometer. The results show that the wear resistance of the experimental steel has been improved by 17% due to CT and by 25.5% due to DCT when compared to CHT. This significant improvement in wear resistance after cryogenic treatment is attributed to the microstructural changes including the finer martensitic structure, the reduction of retained austenite and the development of fine and more numerous carbides. Among these factors, the precipitation of fine carbides plays a more prominent role in enhancing wear resistance.

Effect of Deep Cryogenic Process on the Microstructure and Hardness and Wear Resistance of High Carbon Tool Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 934 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Yuan Ching Lin ◽  
Ji Wei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Cryogenic Process ◽  
The Moment

In this investigation, the effects of different heat treatment conditions on the mechanical properties of high carbon tool steel (SK2) were explored. Experimental results indicated that immediately doing deep cryogenic treatment can effectively reduce retained austenite after quenching. The moment of the holding time for the cryogenic treatment was extended can promote the fine carbides precipitated, and thus increased its hardness. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that the carbides in the matrix included Fe3C and Fe7C3.The wear test results demonstrated that the specimen with Q-T1hr-C24hr-T1hr treatment has the highest wear resistance than the others, which was caused by the effect of several tempering processes to improve toughness of the matrix and to precipitate considerable quantities of the fine carbides.

Deep Cryogenic Treatment and CrN Coating Effects on Micro-Scale Abrasion of Aluminum Alloy AA 6101-T4

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 1047-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar S. Ashiuchi ◽  
Volker F. Steier ◽  
Cosme R.M. Silva ◽  
Tales D. Barbosa ◽  
Tiago F.O. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Low Wear ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Improve Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Tests

The endurance of components made of aluminum and aluminum alloys is often limited by their low yield strength and by their low wear resistance. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of different methods that can improve wear resistance of aluminum alloys. As a first approach, a highly wear resistant chromium nitrite layer was deposited by plasma vapor deposition on the surface of the aluminum alloy AA 6101-T4. In the second method, an ultra-deep cryogenic treatment was selected. Both methods have been previously used to improve the wear resistance of other harder substrate materials, like tool steel. To investigate the impact of the two methods on the wear resistance of such alloy, micro abrasive wear tests were carried out and an analysis based on the Archard’s law was considered. The results showed a decrease of the wear rate by 29% and 26% for the coated and for the cryogenically treated specimens, respectively, when compared to the as received material. The work also investigated the performance of three different methods (Allsopp, Double Intercept and Polynomial AT) usually considered to calculate the wear rate of coated samples. The three methods presented similar measures of wear rate for the substrate and for the coating

scholarly journals Wear evaluation and microstructure analysis of cryogenically treated AISI 440C Bearing steel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idayan A ◽  
C. Elanchezhian ◽  
B. Vijaya Ramnath ◽  
Palanikumar K
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Increase Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Evaluation

In this research work, two types of cryogenic treatment such as deep cryogenic treatment (-196oC) and shallow cryogenic treatment (-80oC) have been adopted for wear resistance to increase in AISI 440C bearing steel. This paper has been focused to increase Wear Resistance (WR) through deep micro structural analyses, and also attention has been made to correlate the microstructure with the wear character of Deep Cryogenic treated (DCT) specimens, Conventional Heat Treated (CHT) specimens and Shallow Cryogenic Treated (SCT) specimens. Micro structural examinations have been carried out in the specimens through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Wear characteristics of AISI 440C bearing steel has been studied. The outcome of the research disclosed that the DCT specimens have higher wear resistance than SCT and CHT specimens. The effective wear mechanisms recognized were the constitution of white layers and delamination of white layers. The microstructures of the materials have been varied through heat treatment process. The modification of Secondary Carbides (SCs) precipitation characteristics and its reduction of retained austenite in the microstructure have been correlated with wear character and these are the liable mechanism to raise the wear resistance of bearing steels through DCT.

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