scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF CENTRIFUGED HYPHAE OF NEUROSPORA

1961 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zalokar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Granular Structure ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Light Area ◽  
Fat Bodies

Normal and centrifuged hyphae of Neurospora were studied with the electron microscope. The following cell structures could be identified: nuclei with nucleoli, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, glycogen, fat bodies, vacuoles, and vesicles with an inner canalicular system, of unknown nature. In centrifuged hyphae, the glycogen layer appeared as a light area, with a slight indication of granular structure. The ribosome layer consisted of densely packed ribosomes without any membranes. The mitochondrial layer contained spaces filled with ribosomes. The nuclei were loosely packed, with endoplasmic reticulum between them. The "enchylema" layer was composed of vesicles belonging to the endoplasmic reticulum. The vacuolar layer was poorly preserved and consisted of double-walled vesicles. Fat appeared as stellate osmiophilic droplets. These observations were compared with previous observations under the optical microscope and their meaning for cell physiology was discussed.

Copper Localization in Cirrhotic Rat Liver by Scanning Electron Microscopy

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 38-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Russ ◽  
E. McNatt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Copper Acetate ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Mode ◽  
Scanning Electron

In order to study the retention of copper in cirrhotic liver, rats were made cirrhotic by carbon tetrachloride inhalation twice weekly for three months and fed 0.2% copper acetate ad libidum in drinking water for one month. The liver tissue was fixed in osmium, sectioned approximately 2000 Å thick, and stained with lead citrate. The section was examined in a scanning electron microscope (JEOLCO JSM-2) in the transmission electron mode.Figure 1 shows a typical area that includes a red blood cell in a sinusoid, a disse, and a portion of the cytoplasm of a hepatocyte which contains several mitochondria, peribiliary dense bodies, glycogen granules, and endoplasmic reticulum.

Triple Fixation For Electron Microscopy

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 90-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Myelin Sheath ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Granular Structure ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Fixation Technique ◽  
Large Clusters

Potassium permanganate has been successfully employed to study membranous structures such as endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, plastids, plasma membrane and myelin sheath. Since KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing agent, deposition of manganese or its oxides account for some of the observed contrast in the lipoprotein membranes, but a good deal of it is due to the removal of background proteins either by dehydration agents or by volatalization under the electron beam. Tissues fixed with KMnO4 exhibit somewhat granular structure because of the deposition of large clusters of stain molecules. The gross arrangement of membranes can also be modified. Since the aim of a good fixation technique is to preserve satisfactorily the cell as a whole and not the best preservation of only a small part of it, a combination of a mixture of glutaraldehyde and acrolein to obtain general preservation and KMnO4 to enhance contrast was employed to fix plant embryos, green algae and fungi.

Organoclay-reinforced polyethersulfone-modified epoxy-based hybrid nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 526-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Boming Zhang ◽  
Jinrui Ye
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Modified Epoxy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Hybrid nanocomposites were successfully prepared by the incorporation of polyethersulfone (PES) and organoclay into epoxy resin. They had higher fracture toughness than the prepared PES/epoxy blend and organoclay/epoxy nanocomposites. The microstructures of the hybrid nanocomposites were studied. They were comprised of homogeneous PES/epoxy semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) matrices and organoclay micro-agglomerates made up of tactoid-like regions composed of ordered exfoliated organoclay with various orientations. The former was confirmed with dynamic mechanical analysis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, while the latter was successfully observed with X-ray diffraction measurements, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The improvement of their fracture toughness was due to the synergistic toughening effect of the PES and the organoclay and related to their microstructures.

scholarly journals Laminin in cultured mouse C1300 neuroblastoma cells: immunocytochemical localization by pre- and postembedding electron microscope procedures.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Liesi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Adhesion Protein ◽  
Antibody Method ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Intercellular Connections

Laminin was localized in cultured mouse C1300 neuroblastoma cells by applying the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique in preembedding electron microscopy. The results were compared to those obtained by indirect immunofluorescence and by the colloidal gold second antibody method on Epon-embedded ultrathin sections. Laminin was found in the cell membranes and within the rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as in intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Plasma membranes of the neuroblastoma cells showed a patchy localization of laminin that was apparently involved in cell-to-substrate attachment and in gap junction-like intercellular connections. Under normal conditions, the Golgi cisternae contained no laminin. Pretreatment of cells with micromolar concentrations of monensin, however, lead to an accumulation of laminin within the Golgi cisternae. These results support a role for laminin as an adhesion protein in cultured neuroblastoma cells and indicate that laminin is transported through the Golgi complex.

The Electron Microscopy of the ‘Golgi Apparatus’in the Purkinje Cells of Owls

1960 ◽  
Vol s3-101 (56) ◽  
pp. 389-394
Author(s):  
S. K. MALHOTRA ◽  
G. A. MEEK
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Optical Microscope

The classical site of the ‘Golgi apparatus’, the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum of owls, has been examined by electron microscopy. The greater part of the cytoplasm consists of aggregates of closely packed granular membranes ofendoplasmic reticulum. The objects described by Dalton and Felix in electron micrographs and called by them the Golgi apparatus are rarely seen in these preparations. It seems likely that the ‘Golgi apparatus’ of this cell as seen in the optical microscope is formed by the deposition of silver or osmium on the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, which form a network throughout the cytoplasm of this cell.

scholarly journals High Resolution Light Microscopy of Live Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Vodyanoy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Independent Life

All living creatures, including humans, are made of cells. The majority of life forms exist as single cells that perform all functions to continue independent life. Some cell structures, cell organelles and particularly bacteria and viruses are commonly too small to be fully observed with an optical microscope. Therefore, an electron microscope is required. Since samples examined with an electron microscope are exposed to very high vacuum, it is impossible to view living cells. The sample preparation for electron microscopy requires that living cells be killed, frozen, dehydrated, and impregnated with heavy metals.

Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis in Forensic Science

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-943
Author(s):  
John L Brown ◽  
James W Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Depth Of Focus ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The optical microscope has long been an important tool in forensic analysis for the comparison of firearms markings and the examination and identification of other minute bits of evidence. The electron microscope permits the examination of even smaller details and offers analytical capabilities unique to the type of instrument used. The transmission electron microscope can be used to identify very small amounts of crystalline materials through the process of electron diffraction. The scanning electron microscope can frequently supersede the optical microscope because of its superior depth of focus and range of magnification. When it is equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer, most of the chemical elements in a sample can be determined. Applications of these instruments have provided some interesting and instructive results in forensic analysis.

scholarly journals Electron Microscope Studies on Normal Human Myeloid Elements

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. CAPONE ◽  
EVA LURIE WEINREB ◽  
GEORGE B. CHAPMAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Granule Formation ◽  
Specific Granules ◽  
Normal Human

Abstract The development of representative myeloid elements is traced by correlated light and electron microscopy. Cytoplasmic changes during maturation of granulocytes from the myeloblast include loss of basophilia, development of the endoplasmic reticulum complex, decrease in number of mitochondria, and granule formation. The endoplasmic reticulum vesicles increase in size and number during the promyelocyte and myelocyte stages, accompanied by the appearance of non-specific and specific granules, and decrease again during the cytosomal maturation of the metamyelocyte. A reduction in number of mitochondria is noted through the metamyelocyte stage. The apparent continuity of the limiting membranes of both the granules and mitochondria with those of the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum suggests a direct connection among cytosomal organelles. The role of the endoplasmic reticulum in granulogenesis is discussed. Maturation of the nucleus involves a loss of nucleolar differentiation by a loosening of the compact fibrillar aggregates, and progressive chromatin condensation.

scholarly journals AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM IN NEWT NOTOCHORD CELLS AFTER DISTURBANCE WITH ULTRASONIC TREATMENT AND SUBSEQUENT REGENERATION

1964 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Selman ◽  
A. Jurand
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Triturus Alpestris ◽  
Notochord Cells ◽  
Parallel Arrays ◽  
Subsequent Regeneration

Ultrasonic treatment of the tails of Triturus alpestris tadpoles, at intensities of 8 to 15 watts/cm2, at 1 megacycle/sec., for 5 minutes, disrupted the epidermis and caused pycnosis in individual cells of the muscle and neural tube, but caused no damage to the notochord that could be detected by light microscopy. Electron microscopy showed that this ultrasonic treatment disordered nearly all the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the notochord cells into irregularly rounded vesicles, but within 3 hours after treatment some parallel arrays of normal endoplasmic reticulum were seen near, and continuous with, the outer nuclear membrane. In addition, a re-ordering of the previously disordered ER took place throughout the cytoplasm, in some cases. A classification was made of the state of the ER as shown in electron micrographs of material fixed immediately, 3, and 24 hours after treatment. This showed that more than half the total endoplasmic reticulum in notochord cells was normal again by 24 hours after treatment.

scholarly journals Electron microscope localization of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in the ciliary ganglion of the cat.

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 849-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Davis ◽  
G B Koelle ◽  
U J Sanville
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ciliary Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
High Concentrations

Ciliary ganglia (CG) of cats were stained for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) by the bis-(thioacetoxy) aurate (I), or Au(TA)2, method for examination by electron microscopy. Acetylcholinesterase was localized along the axolemmas of the preganglionic fibers and their terminals and on the plasmalemmas of the perikarya and dendrites of the ganglion cells, as in the cat superior cervical ganglion (SCG). In contrast to the SCG, AChE was also found in significant amounts in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the CG cells and dendrites, and in varying but high concentrations in channels of extracellular space in the complex capsular region surrounding the perikarya and dendrites. Butyrylcholinesterase was confined chiefly to the dendritic and perikaryonal plasma membranes of the ganglion cells, as in the SCG. Lysosomes and mitochondria were stained chiefly for non-cholinesterase enzymes, as indicated by the physostigmine-treated controls. The significance of these distributions is discussed.

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