scholarly journals Biochemical and immunological characterization of the extracellular nucleases of group B streptococci.

1980 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ferrieri ◽  
E D Gray ◽  
L W Wannamaker
Keyword(s):  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Methyl Green ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Nearly all group B streptococcal strains representing the five major serotypes were found to produce extracellular nucleases by screening with an agar-well-diffusion technique in DNA-methyl green agar plates. Three different nucleases have been isolated and partially purified by DEAE-and carboxymethyl-cellulose chromatography. They possessed different mobilities on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and different molecular weights. These nucleases, designated I, II, and III, are optimally activated by cations of calcium and manganese and exhibited RNase as well as DNase activity. Despite differences in their physical and biochemical properties, nucleases II and III appear antigenically similar, but distinct from nuclease I. These group B streptococcal nucleases are immunologically different from the nucleases of group A streptococci. Neutralizing activity, probably antibody, to nucleases II and III was found in human sera, and was most prevalent in sera of pregnant women colonized with group B streptococci and in their newborn infants.

ANALYSIS OF AQUEOUS HUMOR PROTEINS IN MYOPIC PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Tojum Gongo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humour ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecylsulfate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cataract Operation ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: myopia is the most common eye disease in the world in with substantial social, educational and economic impact. Some studies have shown changes in aqueous humour proteins in myopic patients. To estimate total Aim: protein concentration, types of proteins in aqueous humour and the correlation with myopic patients. This is a Material and Methods: Prospective study conducted on 36 eyes of 36 patients attending Department of Ophthalmology, TRIHMS, Naharlagun, who were undergoing cataract operation. Group A served as a control group with 22 eyes of non myopic patients. Group B consisted of 14 eyes of 14 myopic patients having axial length more than 26mm.Aqueous humour collected from both the groups during cataract surgery was sent for Sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE). Signicant diffe Result: rence in relative bands width (%) in the gel patterns in myopic and non myopic patient was seen.Myopic patients had higher magnitude of protein expressions /bands in molecular weights being 55kDa (Transthyretin), 69kDa ( Albumin) and 110kDa ( Vitamin-D binding protein) than non-myopic patients. In non myopic patients ,70-90 kDa (Heat shock Protein) were very highly expressed than myopic patients. Aqueous humour proteins were Conclusions: estimated to be different between myopic and non myopic patients signicantly. These proteins can be candidates for broadening of our existing knowledge of the pathophysiological characteristics of myopia. They may help in early diagnosis and monitoring of the myopic patients can be done. They may also help in deeper understanding of mechanism which cause axial elongation in myopia.

scholarly journals Systemic inflammatory response indicators in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) experimentally infected with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria stiedai (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fagner Luiz da Costa Freitas ◽  
Beatriz Lie Yamamoto ◽  
Wagner Luiz da Costa Freitas ◽  
Jose Jurandir Fagliari ◽  
Katyane de Sousa Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Group A ◽  
Eimeria Stiedai ◽  
Group B

Hemograms and acute-phase proteins in adult male New Zealand White rabbits that had been experimentally infected orally with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria stiedai were evaluated over a 28-day period. Fifty animals were used, divided into two groups: group A infected with 1 × 10(4) sporulated oocysts of E. stiedai and group B inoculated with distilled water. On the seventh day after infection, the infected animals presented anemia and leukocytosis with neutrophilia and monocytosis. Protein fractionation by means of electrophoresis identified 19 acute-phase proteins with molecular weights ranging from 24 to 238 kD. Ceruloplasmin, transferrin and haptoglobin showed high levels on the seventh day after infection, with gradual increases in their concentrations until the end of the experimental period. Thus, from the data of the present study, E. stiedai is considered to be a pyogenic etiological agent for which the infection level can be monitored through the leukocyte count and serum concentrations of ceruloplasmin, transferrin and haptoglobin, and these can be recommended as complementary tests.

scholarly journals Doubly Branched Hexasaccharide Epitope on the Cell Wall Polysaccharide of Group A Streptococci Recognized by Human and Rabbit Antisera

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 6383-6389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Michon ◽  
Samuel L. Moore ◽  
John Kim ◽  
Milan S. Blake ◽  
France-Isabelle Auzanneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharide ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group A ◽  
Streptococcal Polysaccharide ◽  
Synthetic Oligosaccharides ◽  
Group B ◽  
Dominant Epitope

ABSTRACT A number of epitope specificities associated with the cell wall polysaccharide antigen of group A streptococci were identified in a polyclonal rabbit antiserum induced in rabbits by whole group A streptococci and in polyclonal convalescent human antisera from children that had recovered from streptococcal A infections. The identification was achieved by using a series of synthetic oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates, and bacterial polysaccharide inhibitors to inhibit the binding of the group A helical polysaccharide to the polyclonal antisera. The exclusively dominant epitope expressed in the convalescent human antisera was the doubly branched extended helical hexasaccharide with the structure α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap(1→3)α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap. The hexasaccharide epitope also bound with the highest immunoreactivity to the rabbit antiserum. In contrast, the human antisera did not show significant binding to the singly branched pentasaccharide with the structure α-l-Rhap(1→2)α-l-Rhap(1→3)α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap or the branched trisaccharide α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap, although both these haptens bound significantly to the same rabbit antiserum, albeit with less immunoreactivity than the hexasaccharide. Inhibition studies using streptococcal group A and B rabbit antisera and the inhibitors indicated above also suggested that the group A carbohydrate, unlike the group B streptococcal polysaccharide, does not contain the disaccharide α-l-Rhap(1→2)α-l-Rhap motif at its nonreducing chain terminus, stressing the importance of mapping the determinant specificities of these two important streptococcal subcapsular group polysaccharides to fully understand the serological relationships between group A and group B streptococci.

scholarly journals Subtractive Hybridization Identifies a Novel Predicted Protein Mediating Epithelial Cell Invasion by Virulent Serotype III Group B Streptococcus agalactiae

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 6857-6863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth E. Adderson ◽  
Shinji Takahashi ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jianling Armstrong ◽  
Dylan V. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Subtractive Hybridization ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Mutant Type ◽  
Isogenic Mutant ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Group B Streptococcus agalactiae bacteria (group B streptococci [GBS]) are the most common cause of serious bacterial infection in newborn infants. The majority of serotype III-related cases of neonatal disease are caused by a genetically related subgroup of bacteria, restriction fragment digest pattern (RDP) type III-3, suggesting that these strains possess unique genes contributing to virulence. We used genomic subtractive hybridization to identify regions of genomic DNA unique to virulent RDP type III-3 GBS strains. Within one of these III-3-specific regions is a 1,506-bp open reading frame, spb1 (surface protein of group B streptococcus 1). A mutant type III GBS strain lacking Spb1 was constructed in virulent RDP type III-3 strain 874391, and the interactions of the wild-type and spb1 isogenic mutant with a variety of epithelial cells important to GBS colonization and infection were compared. While adherence of the spb1 isogenic mutant to A549 respiratory, C2Bbe1 colonic, and HeLa cervical epithelial cells was slightly lower than that of the 874391 strain, invasion of the Spb1− mutant was significantly reduced with these cell lines compared to what was seen with 874391. The defect in epithelial invasion was corrected by supplying spb1 in trans. These observations suggest that Spb1 contributes to the pathogenesis of neonatal GBS infection by mediating internalization of virulent serotype III GBS and confirm that understanding of the population structure of bacteria may lead to insights into the pathogenesis of human infections.

Carriage of group-B streptococci in women and newborn infants in Brazil

1981 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-474
Author(s):  
Leslie C. Benchetrit ◽  
Sergio E.L. Fracalanzza ◽  
Heloiza Peregrino ◽  
Alipio Augusto Camelo ◽  
Leonardo A.L.R. Sanches
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group B

Magnitude of colonization and sepsis by group B streptococci in newborn infants

1982 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiel V. Lim ◽  
Keith S. Kanarek ◽  
Mary E. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group B

TRANSFERABLE DRUG RESISTANCE TO GROUP A AND GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI

The Lancet ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 311 (8065) ◽  
pp. 655-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D.A. Van Embden ◽  
N. Soedirman ◽  
H.W.B. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Group B rotaviruses similar to strain CAL-1, have been circulating in Western India since 1993

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. KELKAR ◽  
J. K. ZADE
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Western India ◽  
Human Group ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Generally, group A rotaviruses are the most common cause of paediatric diarrhoea. However, group B rotavirus, adult diarrhoea rotavirus (ADRV), was found to be involved in epidemics of severe gastroenteritis in several areas of China during 1982–1983 and had resulted in more than one million cases among adults as well as older children. Human group B rotavirus has been rarely reported outside China, but has been detected first from five adults with diarrhoea in Kolkata, India during 1997–1998 (strain CAL-1). During epidemiological studies at the National Institute of Virology (NIV) on hospitalized diarrhoea patients at Pune, India, faecal specimens from patients of >5 years age, which were negative for group A rotavirus by ELISA were tested by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). We detected rotavirus RNA migration patterns similar to that of group B rotavirus in three faecal specimens from adults, two from the specimens collected in 1993 and one in 1998 from sporadic diarrhoea cases. RT–PCR was carried out using primers derived from gene 8 which codes for the NS2 protein, followed by nested PCR, which confirmed the presence of group B rotavirus in all three specimens. The sequences of the PCR products of NIV specimens were compared with that of CAL-1, ADRV and IDIR (infectious diarrhoea of infant rat) belonging to group B rotaviruses. The sequence analysis of the PCR products showed the highest identity with CAL-1, which was reported from Kolkata, India during 1997–1998. The finding suggests that human group B rotaviruses have been circulating in Pune, India, since 1993. This emerging virus may lead to more severe disease among adults in India. There is a need for surveillance of group B rotavirus infections, especially in adult diarrhoea cases and seroepidemiological studies on group B rotavirus are required among humans and animals of Western Maharashtra, India.

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