Surveillance for Nosocomial and Central Line-Related Infections Among Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 592-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Simon ◽  
Gudrun Fleischhack ◽  
Carola Hasan ◽  
Udo Bode ◽  
Steffen Engelhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Severe Neutropenia ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Pediatric Hematology ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjective:To determine the incidence of all nosocomial infections (NIs) in pediatric hematology-oncology patients, as well as central venous access device (CVAD)-associated infections acquired during home care.Design:Prospective surveillance study.Setting:The Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department at the University Hospital Bonn.Patients:All patients admitted from January through October 1998 (surveillance period).Methods:Standardized surveillance system based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System.Results:A total of 143 patients were hospitalized for 3,701 days (776 admissions) during the surveillance period. Of the 40 NIs detected, 26 were CVAD-related, with 21 bloodstream infections (BSIs) and 5 local infections. Four were Clostridium difficile-associated diarrheal illnesses, 3 were pneumonias, and 7 were other infections. The incidence of NIs was 10.8 per 1,000 patient-days (5.2 NIs/100 admissions). The overall CVAD-related BSI rate was 7.4 per 1,000 utilization days, without a significant difference between implanted infusion ports and tunneled catheters. In addition, 7 CVAD-related infections occurred during home care. All 8 BSIs associated with tunneled catheters and 13 (76%) of the 17 BSIs associated with ports were acquired nosocomially. For inpatients and outpatients combined, the exit sites of tunneled catheters were more likely to become locally infected than were the needle entry sites of ports (relative risk, 8.0; P=.007). In 30 (75%) of the 40 NIs, the affected patients had severe neutropenia (<500/mm3) at the time of infection.Conclusions:Most NIs in the pediatric hematology-oncology patients were associated with CVAD devices. Although many infections in this high-risk population may not be preventable through infection control measures, the careful evaluation of specific infection rates permits the identification of risk factors that may be targeted by infection control programs. Prospective surveillance for NIs on pediatric oncology units is an indispensable tool for this internal quality control.

Surveillance for Nosocomial Infections and Fever of Unknown Origin Among Adult Hematology–Oncology Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Engelhart ◽  
Axel Glasmacher ◽  
Martin Exner ◽  
Michael H. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Fever Of Unknown Origin ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective:To determine the incidence of nosocomial infections (NIs) and fever of unknown origin among adult hematology–oncology patients.Design:Prospective surveillance study.Setting:The 18-bed hematology–oncology unit at the University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.Patients:All hematology–oncology patients admitted during a total of 8 months in 1998 and 1999.Methods:Standardized surveillance system based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance system. Rates of NI and fever of unknown origin were calculated for patient-days and patient-days at risk (ie, days with neutropenia of < 500/mm3 or leukopenia of < 1,000/mm3).Results:Of 116 patients hospitalized for a total of 4,002 days (172 admissions; mean length of stay, 25.2 days), 32 (27.6%) had a total of 44 documented NIs (19 bloodstream infections, 15 pneumonias, 7 urinary tract infections, and 3 others). In addition, 33 fevers of unknown origin were documented in 28 patients. No patient had thrush while receiving antifungal prophylaxis. The overall rates for NI and fever of unknown origin were 11.0 and 8.2 per 1,000 patient-days (25.3 and 15.4 per 1,000 patient-days at risk), respectively. The risks for NI and fever of unknown origin were significantly higher during neutropenic days, with 34 (77.3%) of the 44 NIs and 22 (66.7%) of the 33 fevers of unknown origin occurring during 1,345 patient-days at risk.Conclusions:Prospective surveillance for NIs on hematology–oncology units should include fever of unknown origin as the single most common and clinically important entity. For a meaningful comparison of surveillance data for hematology–oncology patients, the reported infection rates should include rates based on days with neutropenia, for which days with leukopenia could serve as a surrogate marker under routine conditions.

Nosocomial infections among pediatric hematology/oncology patients: Results of a prospective incidence study

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireya Urrea ◽  
Susana Rives ◽  
Ofelia Cruz ◽  
Albert Navarro ◽  
Juan José Garcı́a ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Study ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Pediatric Hematology

Rationale and Methods for a Statewide, Prospective Surveillance System for the Identification and Prevention of Nosocomial Infections

1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. Tager ◽  
M. B. Ginsberg ◽  
E. Simchen ◽  
L. Miao ◽  
K. Holbrook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Prospective Surveillance

Characteristics of hospitals and infection control professionals participating in the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System 1999

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chesley Richards ◽  
T.Grace Emori ◽  
Jonathan Edwards ◽  
Scott Fridkin ◽  
James Tolson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System

scholarly journals Awareness and Attitude toward Infection Control among Health Care Workers during Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Ahmed Yamany Ali ◽  
Abeer Attia Abdelkhalik ◽  
Shereen Esmat ◽  
Walaa Alsharany Abuelhamd ◽  
Hend Abdullah Elshemy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 emerges worldwide consideration since their first proving. The knowledge and attitude of all medical personnel play an important role in the effectiveness of infection control policies among medical institutions. AIM: The study evaluates the knowledge of health care workers (HCWs) about infection control policies at the Egyptian institutions trying to identify the degree of their awareness to deal with such outbreak. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was implemented in public and private hospitals sectors at Cairo, Egypt, through a structured self-administered questionnaire that was delivered to HCWs in the selected hospitals. RESULTS: A total of 486 physicians working between university, governmental, teaching, private hospitals, and polyclinics submitted their replies. Of whom, 46.9% practiced internal medicine specialty, 35.4% were pediatricians, and only 17.7% specialized in the family medicine. Regarding the overall level of knowledge about infection control and prevention among HCWs, we found that 87.2% of participants reported presence of infection control program at their institutions and about 79% practiced these policies while only 60.5% received some training. Furthermore, we found that 64.2% of the participant did not know which infections are officially reported. There was some variation in response to causes related to the outbreak as 43.8% referred that to shortage of appropriate personnel protective equipment and only 7.4% assigned the carelessness of HCWs. Moreover, the insufficient resources to fulfill the infection control requirements were assigned as a primary factor to spread of infection (71.4%). The electronic surveillance system was believed the most efficient reporting system of infectious agents by staff (83.1%). The study revealed that there was a statistically significant difference of knowledge of infection control among medical staff according to their specialties (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant trend of orientation about infection control toward the highly certificated individuals (having PhD). Furthermore, there was a potential variance between the groups of higher and lower years of experience regarding in their answers about surveillance system institutions (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, there was variation in responses to questions related to various institutions as a higher percent of awareness of the presence of active infection control policy was found at the governmental and university hospitals (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: HCWs had reasonable knowledge about infection control and surveillance during COVID-19 outbreak and we have discovered zones of concern about infection control experience in Egypt which differ between institutions and professions and years of experience.

scholarly journals Prevalence surveillance system of nosocomial infections in Norway

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Bruun ◽  
H L Loewer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Infection Control Programme

In 1996, the Norwegian Ministry of Health issued regulations on the prevention of nosocomial infections (NIs). The regulations were revised in 2005. As part of the infection control programme, hospitals and long-term care facilities are obliged to have a surveillance system for NIs in place and to report the results to the Norwegian Institute of Public Health.

scholarly journals Comparison of de-duplication methods used by WHO Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) and Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (JANIS) in the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiki Kajihara ◽  
Koji Yahara ◽  
John Stelling ◽  
Sergey Romualdovich Eremin ◽  
Barbara Tornimbene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
World Health ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Specimen Type ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance ◽  
Number Of Patients

AbstractA major issue in the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is “de-duplication” or removal of repeated isolates, for which there exist multiple methods. The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) requires de-duplication by selecting only the first isolate of a given bacterial species per patient per surveillance period per specimen type per age group, gender, and infection origin stratification. However, no study on the comparative application of this method has been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in data tabulation between the WHO GLASS and the Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (JANIS) system, which counts both patients and isolates after removing repeated isolates of the same bacterial species per multiresistance phenotype isolated from a patient within 30 days, regardless of specimen type. All bacterial data, consisting of approximately 8 million samples from 1795 Japanese hospitals in 2017 were exported from the JANIS database, and were tabulated using either the de-duplication algorithm of GLASS, or JANIS. We compared the tabulated results of the total number of patients whose blood and urine cultures were taken and of the percentage of resistant isolates of Escherichia coli for each priority antibiotic. The number of patients per specimen type tabulated by the JANIS method was always smaller than that of GLASS. There was a small (< 3%) difference in the percentage of resistance of E. coli for any antibiotic between the two methods in both out- and inpatient settings and blood and urine isolates. The two tabulation methods did not show considerable differences in terms of the tabulated percentages of resistance for E. coli. We further discuss how the use of GLASS tabulations to create a public software and website that could help to facilitate the understanding of and treatment against AMR.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards infection control among supporting staffs of Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
M Lopchan ◽  
G Gurung ◽  
L Rajbanshi ◽  
C Osti ◽  
A Baniya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Regular Training

Nosocomial infections (NIs) are one of the most important health issues, particularly in developing countries, because these infections cause high mortality and morbidity, and economic and human resource loss as a consequence Nosocomial infections can be defined as those occurring within 48 hours of hospital admission, 3 days of discharge or 30 days of an operation. Many studies have examined risk factors of nosocomial infections. However, knowledge of frontline workers (attendants) in infection prevention have been reported rarely in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of attendants working in different wards and OPDs about infection prevention. S: Data were collected from 100 attendants in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. Regarding the knowledge on hand washing, gloving and personal accessories for Infection Prevention, majority of the respondents had good knowledge ranging from 94-100%. Though hospital has established Infection Prevention Committee and regular training on infection prevention is provided to all the staffs, the data indicated that only 68% respondents were benefitted by the infection prevention training and proper use of virex solution to disinfect the equipment’s was found unsatisfactory. Infection control is the responsibility of all Health Care Facility (HCF) personnel. The goal of the infection control policies are to identify and reduce risks of acquiring and transmitting infections among patients, staff, students, volunteers, contract service workers, and visitors Although significant effort has been made to reduce the Nosocomial infections, regular training as well as monitoring supervision will enhance the capacity of the health care providers and front line workers for cleaning services they are our valued respondents.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v6i1.55069

Prospective analysis of urokinase in the treatment of catheter sepsis in pediatric hematology-oncology patients

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Jones ◽  
Gwen K. Konsler ◽  
Rose P. Dunaway ◽  
Stuart R. Lacey ◽  
Richard G. Azizkhan
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Analysis ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Pediatric Hematology ◽  
Catheter Sepsis
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