scholarly journals Breast tissue mimicking phantoms for combined ultrasound and microwave imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyun Li ◽  
Elise C Fear ◽  
Laura Curiel
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Microwave Transmission ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Microwave System ◽  
New Formulation

Abstract We present a new formulation for a breast tissue-mimicking phantom for combined microwave and ultrasound imaging to assist breast cancer detection. Formulations based on coconut oil, canola oil, agar and glass beads were used to mimic skin and fat tissues. First, 36 recipes were fabricated, and properties were measured to determine the relationship and possible interaction between ingredients with the ultrasound and microwave properties. Based on these results, the formulae were developed to mimic different tissues found in breast, including skin, fat, fibroglandular, and tumour tissues. All phantoms contained a base of agar and glass beads at different proportions depending on the tissue mimicked. Tumour and fibroglandular tissues were best mimicked by adding polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), while using coconut oil for skin and canola oil for fat produced the best results. Five final phantoms with different internal structures were fabricated and imaged using B-mode ultrasound and a microwave transmission system. Microwave permittivity maps were obtained from the microwave system and compared to ultrasound images. The structure and composition of the phantoms were all confirmed through this microwave and ultrasound imaging.

Postnatal ultrasound follow-up in neonates with prenatal hydronephrosis

Diagnosis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Kebriyaei ◽  
Ali Davoodi ◽  
Seyed Alinaghi Kazemi ◽  
Zahra Bazargani
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Renal Anomalies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Hydronephrosis ◽  
Kidney Involvement

Abstract Objectives Renal anomalies are the most common fetal abnormalities that occur during prenatal development, and are typically detected by observing hydronephrosis on fetal ultrasound imaging. Follow-up with post-natal ultrasound is important to detect clinically-important obstruction, because many of the pre-natal abnormalities resolve spontaneously. This study aimed to evaluate the postnatal hydronephrosis follow-up rate, and reasons for non follow-up in affected neonates. Methods In this cross-sectional study all neonates born during a period of one year at Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital with hydronephrosis on fetal ultrasound imaging were recruited. All mothers were also given face-to-face information about fetal hydronephrosis and its postnatal outcomes, and follow-up with at least a postnatal ultrasound was recommended from the fourth day of their neonates’ birth until the end of the fourth week. The neonates were subsequently observed for one month to determine the postnatal ultrasound follow-up rate and to reflect on diagnostic test results, reasons for failure to follow-up, as well as causes of hydronephrosis. Results In this study, 71 cases (1.2%) out of 5,952 neonates had fetal hydronephrosis on prenatal ultrasound images. The postnatal ultrasound imaging showed kidney involvement in 18 neonates (25%), particularly in the left kidney (61.1%). Seven neonates had no follow-up at one month (10%). No significant relationship was found between lack of follow-up and the neonates’ place of residence (p=0.42), maternal education (p=0.90), number of siblings (p=0.33), or gender (p=0.64). Conclusions Postnatal ultrasound follow-up rate in these neonates with a history of fetal hydronephrosis was incomplete even though parents had been provided with education and advice at their birth time. Accordingly, it is recommended to perform postnatal ultrasound once neonates are discharged from hospitals.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Measurement of Temperature Rise in Breast Cyst and in Neighbouring Tissues as a Method of Tissue Differentiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Gambin ◽  
Michał Byra ◽  
Eleonora Kruglenko ◽  
Olga Doubrovina ◽  
Andrzej Nowicki
Keyword(s):  
Probability Density ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Bioheat Equation ◽  
Acoustical Properties ◽  
Breast Cyst ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Backscattered Signals

Abstract Texture of ultrasound images contain information about the properties of examined tissues. The analysis of statistical properties of backscattered ultrasonic echoes has been recently successfully applied to differentiate healthy breast tissue from the benign and malignant lesions. We propose a novel procedure of tissue characterization based on acquiring backscattered echoes from the heated breast. We have proved that the temperature increase inside the breast modifies the intensity, spectrum of the backscattered signals and the probability density function of envelope samples. We discuss the differences in probability density functions in two types of tissue regions, e.g. cysts and the surrounding glandular tissue regions. Independently, Pennes bioheat equation in heterogeneous breast tissue was used to describe the heating process. We applied the finite element method to solve this equation. Results have been compared with the ultrasonic predictions of the temperature distribution. The results confirm the possibility of distinguishing the differences in thermal and acoustical properties of breast cyst and surrounding glandular tissues.

High-definition ultrasound imaging defines the paraneural sheath and fascial compartments surrounding the cords of the brachial plexus at the costoclavicular space and lateral infraclavicular fossa

2021 ◽  
pp. rapm-2020-102304
Author(s):  
Pornpatra Areeruk ◽  
Manoj Kumar Karmakar ◽  
Miguel A Reina ◽  
Louis Y H Mok ◽  
Ranjith Kumar Sivakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Brachial Plexus Block ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Local Anesthetic Injection ◽  
Plexus Block

Background and objectivesThe paraneural sheath is a multilayered network of collagen fibers that surround the brachial plexus. Currently, there are no sonographic data on the paraneural sheath of the brachial plexus, which this study aimed to evaluate.MethodsUltrasound imaging datasets of 100 patients who received a costoclavicular brachial plexus block, using high-definition ultrasound imaging, were retrospectively reviewed. Video files, representing sonograms before and after the local anesthetic injection, from the costoclavicular space and lateral infraclavicular fossa were collated and reviewed by three experienced anesthesiologists. Frequency (yes/no) of ultrasound visualization of the paraneural sheath, septum, and the anterior and posterior compartments was assessed. Representative sonograms from the costoclavicular space and lateral infraclavicular fossa were visually correlated with archived cadaver microanatomic sections from the same location.ResultsDatasets of the 98 patients who achieved surgical anesthesia were evaluated. The paraneural sheath, septum, and the anterior and posterior compartments were visualized in 17.3%, 7.1%, 5.1% and 5.1%, respectively, at the costoclavicular space before the brachial plexus block; this contrasts (p<0.001) with their visibility post-block (94.9%, 75.5%, 75.5% and 75.5%, respectively). At the lateral infraclavicular fossa, the corresponding visibility of these structures post-block were 67.7%, 81.5%, 81.5% and 81.5%, respectively. Ultrasound images of the paraneural sheath and septum correlated well with that in the cadaver microanatomic sections.ConclusionWe have demonstrated the paraneural sheath and fascial compartments surrounding the cords of the brachial plexus at the costoclavicular space and lateral infraclavicular fossa using high-definition ultrasound imaging.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04370184), (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/).

Ultrasound Imaging Characterization of Soft Tissue Dynamics of the Seated Human Body

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Yamada ◽  
Alperen Değirmenci ◽  
Robert D. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Excitation Amplitude ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Body Dynamics ◽  
Excitation Pattern

Abstract To characterize the dynamics of internal soft organs and external anatomical structures, this paper presents a system that combines medical ultrasound imaging with an optical tracker and a vertical exciter that imparts whole-body vibrations on seated subjects. The spatial and temporal accuracy of the system was validated using a phantom with calibrated internal structures, resulting in 0.224 mm maximum root-mean-square (r.m.s.) position error and 13 ms maximum synchronization error between sensors. In addition to the dynamics of the head and sternum, stomach dynamics were characterized by extracting the centroid of the stomach from the ultrasound images. The system was used to characterize the subject-specific body dynamics as well as the intrasubject variabilities caused by excitation pattern (frequency up-sweep, down-sweep, and white noise, 1–10 Hz), excitation amplitude (1 and 2 m/s2 r.m.s.), seat compliance (rigid and soft), and stomach filling (empty and 500 mL water). Human subjects experiments (n = 3) yielded preliminary results for the frequency response of the head, sternum, and stomach. The method presented here provides the first detailed in vivo characterization of internal and external human body dynamics. Tissue dynamics characterized by the system can inform design of vehicle structures and adaptive control of seat and suspension systems, as well as validate finite element models for predicting passenger comfort in the early stages of vehicle design.

scholarly journals High-resolution image reconstruction for portable ultrasound imaging devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyao Wang ◽  
Zhenghan Fang ◽  
Jiaqi Gu ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Shicong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Training Procedure ◽  
Generative Adversarial Network ◽  
Portable Ultrasound ◽  
Imaging Quality ◽  
Reconstruction Performance

AbstractPursuing better imaging quality and miniaturizing imaging devices are two trends in the current development of ultrasound imaging. While the first one leads to more complex and expensive imaging equipment, poor image quality is a common problem of portable ultrasound imaging systems. In this paper, an image reconstruction method was proposed to break through the imaging quality limitation of portable devices by introducing generative adversarial network (GAN) model into the field of ultrasound image reconstruction. We combined two GAN generator models, the encoder-decoder model and the U-Net model to build a sparse skip connection U-Net (SSC U-Net) to tackle this problem. To produce more realistic output, stabilize the training procedure, and improve spatial resolution in the reconstructed ultrasound images, a new loss function which combines adversarial loss, L1 loss, and differential loss was proposed. Three datasets including 50 pairs of simulation, 40 pairs of phantom, and 72 pairs of in vivo images were used to evaluate the reconstruction performance. Experimental results show that our SSC U-Net is able to reconstruct ultrasound images with improved quality. Compared with U-Net, our SSC U-Net is able to preserve more details in the reconstructed images and improve full width at half maximum (FWHM) of point targets by 3.23%.

scholarly journals Do High Frequency Ultrasound Images Support Clinical Skin Assessment?

ISRN Nursing ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison P. Porter-Armstrong ◽  
Catherine Adams ◽  
Anne S. Moorhead ◽  
Jeannie Donnelly ◽  
Jane Nixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Qualitative Classification ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

High frequency ultrasound imaging has been reported as a potential method of identifying the suspected tissue damage in patients “at risk” of pressure ulceration. The aim of this study was to explore whether ultrasound images supported the clinical skin assessment in an inpatient population through identification of subcutaneous tissue damage. Skin on the heels and/or sacral coccygeal area of fifty vascular surgery inpatients was assessed clinically by tissue viability nurses and with ultrasound pre operatively and at least every other day until discharge. Images were compared to routine clinical skin assessment outcomes. Qualitative classification of ultrasound images did not match outcomes yielded through the clinical skin assessment. Images corresponding to 16 participants were classified as subgroup 3 damage at the heels (equivalent to grade 2 pressure ulceration); clinical skin assessment rated no heels as greater than grade 1a (blanching erythema). Conversely, all images captured of the sacral coccygeal area were classified as normal; the clinical skin assessment rated two participants as grade 1b (non-blanching erythema). Ultrasound imaging is a potentially useful adjunct to the clinical skin assessment in providing information about the underlying tissue. However, further longitudinal clinical assessment is required to characterise images against actual and “staged” pressure ulceration.

scholarly journals Medical Applications of Microwave Imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Eng Gee Lim ◽  
Yujun Tang ◽  
Mark Leach
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Microwave Imaging ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Microwave System ◽  
Improve Accuracy

Ultrawide band (UWB) microwave imaging is a promising method for the detection of early stage breast cancer, based on the large contrast in electrical parameters between malignant tumour tissue and the surrounding normal breast-tissue. In this paper, the detection and imaging of a malignant tumour are performed through a tomographic based microwave system and signal processing. Simulations of the proposed system are performed and postimage processing is presented. Signal processing involves the extraction of tumour information from background information and then image reconstruction through the confocal method delay-and-sum algorithms. Ultimately, the revision of time-delay and the superposition of more tumour signals are applied to improve accuracy.

scholarly journals An Ultrasound Imaging-Guided Robotic HIFU Ablation Experimental System and Accuracy Evaluations

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih Yu An ◽  
Jia Hao Syu ◽  
Ching Shiow Tseng ◽  
Chih-Ju Chang
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Positioning Control ◽  
Hifu Ablation

In recent years, noninvasive thermal treatment by using high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has high potential in tumor treatment. The goal of this research is to develop an ultrasound imaging-guided robotic HIFU ablation system for tumor treatment. The system integrates the technologies of ultrasound image-assisted guidance, robotic positioning control, and HIFU treatment planning. With the assistance of ultrasound image guidance technology, the tumor size and location can be determined from ultrasound images as well as the robotic arm can be controlled to position the HIFU transducer to focus on the target tumor. After the development of the system, several experiments were conducted to measure the positioning accuracy of this system. The results show that the average positioning error is 1.01 mm with a standard deviation 0.34, and HIFU ablation accuracy is 1.32 mm with a standard deviation 0.58, which means this system is confirmed with its possibility and accuracy.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Temperatur Terhadap Degradasi Pigmen Tomat dalam Beberapa Jenis Minyak Nabati Komersial

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoga Aji Handoko ◽  
Indriatmoko Indriatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Sunflowerseed Oil ◽  
Pigment Stability ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
The Stability

The study of vegetable oils fortified with crude extract of carotenoid pigments from tomatothat contains lycopene as dominant antioxidant compounds becomes an interesting researchto be done. The aim of this research is testing the stability of the pigment of tomatoesextracts in the vegetable oil treated on some temperature levels. Spectroscopy method isused to measure the respond of pigment stability in fortified vegetables oils which treated bytemperature from 250C to 700C. Before the measurement is done by a spectrophotometerwhich connected to the thermostat, as much as 1 mg of extract pigment of tomatoes in crystalform was weighed for per sampel, then dissolved into 10 ml palm oil, coconut oil, sunflowerseed oil, and canola oil separately. The results showed that the temperature treatment causesthe value of the optical absorption decreased, which means that the pigment moleculesexperienced instability. The amount of impairment of the optical absorption withtemperature treatment from 250C to 700C at a wavelength of 482 nm, respectively, are: palmoil (Abs = 0.201); coconut oil (Abs = 0.213), sunflower oil (Abs = 0.232); and canola oil(Abs = 0.260). Decreasing value of absorbance (Abs) also indicates the lycopenedegradation that formed the derivatives molecule of this pigment.Keywords: fortification, lycopene, vegetable oil, temperature, tomato

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