A novel piezoelectric-actuated microgripper simultaneously integrated microassembly force, gripping force and jaw-displacement sensors: design, simulation and experimental investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daihua Wang ◽  
Kan Wang ◽  
Jianyu Zhao ◽  
Song Hou
Keyword(s):  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Surface Strain ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Parallel Movement ◽  
Creep Characteristics ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
In Series ◽  
Gripping Force

Abstract For assembling easy-to-deform and easy-to-broken micropart, accurate acquisition of microassembly force and gripping force during microassembly process while ensuring parallel movement of jaws of microgripper is the key to ensure consistency, accuracy and reliability of microassembly without damage. In addition, simultaneously real-time detection of jaw-displacement of microgripper is also a necessary condition for rapid and accurate microassembly. This paper proposes and realizes a principle of a parallelogram compliant mechanism (PCM) based piezoelectric-actuated microgripper, which simultaneously integrates with microassembly force, gripping force and jaw-displacement sensors for the first time and ensures parallel movement of jaws under no-load and gripping micropart. The major structure of proposed microgripper is a monolithic compliant mechanism (MCM) composed of a primary lever compliant mechanism and three-stage PCM in series. Among them, the third-stage PCM is orthogonal to other two PCM in series. MCM transmits the displacement and force from piezoelectric actuator to jaws while transforming microassembly force, gripping force and jaw-displacement into surface strain of single-notch hinges of PCM with three-stage in series. On this basis, simultaneously sensing microassembly force, gripping force and jaw-displacement is realized by monitoring surface strain of single-notch hinges of three-stage PCM. The sensing equations of the microassembly force, gripping force, and jaw-displacement are established, respectively. A microgripper is manufactured, a microgripper system is realized and the integrated sensors are calibrated. The hysteresis characteristics, creep characteristics and time response are tested experimentally. Two examples of microassembly sub-process are simulated and carried out on the constructed microassembly experimental setup. The theoretical and experimental results show that the designed microgripper can simultaneously acquire the microassembly force, gripping force and jaw-displacement with high sensitivity, linearity and resolution in processes of gripping hohlraum and applying microassembly force to hohlraum while ensuring the parallel movement of the gripping jaws when gripping and not gripping micropart.

scholarly journals Design of an underwater acoustic array for full ocean depth multi-beam echo sounder

2019 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Haoqi Hao ◽  
Tiejian Xia ◽  
Min Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Planar Array ◽  
In Series ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Acoustic Array ◽  
Echo Sounder

In order to meet the technical requirements of full ocean depth multibeam echo sounder, the underwater acoustic array must have the ability of wide coverage, broadband response, high sensitivity and high reliability. This paper presents a design of underwater acoustic array based on Mills cross configuration with separate transmitting and receiving units. The arrays have modules design, hence the beamwidth of the array can be adjusted according to particular installation requirements. The working frequency band of the arrays is between 10.5kHz to 13.5kHz, and the coverage angle can cover -71.6°~71.6°. The Integrated design is used to achieve a wide-angle beam coverage of the planar array, which combines the transducer and the sound baffle together to realize a wide directivity of the array elements. The longitudinal bending transducers are designed to meet the broadband requirements for the transmitting array, which are Tonpilz transducers with flexural radiating head. On the other hand, each element of the receiving array is composed of several hydrophones, which are connected in series to achieve high sensitivity. The double-layer watertight technology is also applied in our design, ensuring stable performance and long service life.

scholarly journals Development and Application of Novel Chemiluminescence Immunoassays for Highly Sensitive Detection of Anisakis simplex Proteins in Thermally Processed Seafood

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Maciej Kochanowski ◽  
Mirosław Różycki ◽  
Joanna Dąbrowska ◽  
Jacek Karamon ◽  
Jacek Sroka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Thermally Processed ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection ◽  
Development And Validation

The third-stage larvae (L3) of Anisakis simplex are the most important source of hidden allergens in seafood products. However, there exist no commercial methods for detecting Anisakis proteins in food. Furthermore, only a few methods have been validated for the detection of A. simplex in thermally processed food. The aims of our study are (i) the development and validation of high-sensitivity chemiluminescent (CL) immunoassays for the detection of A. simplex proteins in processed seafood, (ii) and A. simplex antigen detection in common seafood products from Polish markets. We developed and validated CL sandwich ELISA (S-ELISA) and CL competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) methods for A. simplex proteins detection in food, with respective detection limits of 0.5 and 5 ng/mL. The usefulness of the assays for detecting A. simplex proteins in highly processed food was evaluated by examination of autoclaved canned fish spiked with A. simplex larvae (1–8 larvae/200 g). Commercial real-time PCR was unable to detect A. simplex in autoclaved samples at all levels of enrichment with Anisakis larvae. CL-S-ELISA was used to test various types of seafood products from Polish markets. Among all tested products (n = 259), 28% were positive. A. simplex antigens were found mostly (n = 39) in smoked fish products: mackerel, herring, cod, and hake. Other positive samples were found in marinated herrings, canned cod livers, canned mackerels, and surimi sticks. In tuna, Atlantic argentine, anchovy, sardine, sprat, and squid products, A. simplex antigens were not detected. This study provides novel effective tools for the detection of A. simplex proteins in processed food and highlights the potential allergic hazards for Anisakis-sensitized Polish consumers of seafood.

Novel on-tap passive sampling for odorous compounds in drinking water

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Christophe Tondelier ◽  
David Benanou ◽  
Thomas Thouvenot ◽  
Arnaud Genin
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Passive Sampling ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Qualitative Aspect ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
In Series ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Private Network

Because taste and odour events in drinking water are often fleeting and unpredictable phenomena, an innovating passive sampler has been developed to trap off-flavour compounds, directly at the tap of the consumer: ARISTOT (Advanced Relevant Investigation Sampler for Taste & Odour at Tap). Each tool is equipped with seven SBSE stir bars, magnetic stirring roads coated with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) phase, allowing the sorption of water organic compounds into PDMS at each tap opening. To study the efficiency of these passives samplers, a private network pilot unit has been created in our laboratory, equipped with four faucets in series, solenoids valves for automation of the system and a mixing chamber, developed to spike drinking water with odourous compounds in order to have homogenous smelling water at each tap. After enrichment, the bars are taken out and are then in-line thermo-desorbed and analysed by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer. Results showed a high sensitivity of the system, which was able to quickly analyse odourous compounds at the sub ng/L level. A “multishot” method was developed to analyse every molecule trapped on the seven stir bars in only one chromatographic run increasing sensitivity. To follow enrichment of stir bars, loading and unloading were studied and showed a very slight unloading of the stir bar under a clean water flow rate which allowed us to previously spike every stir bar with an internal standard to see analytical variations. The influence of heated water was also investigated and seems to lead to a higher unloading of the stir bar, but according to a qualitative aspect this loss is balanced by the high sensitivity.

Analysis of a Planar Tensegrity-Based Compliant Mechanism

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjin Moon ◽  
Carl D. Crane ◽  
Rodney G. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Stiffness Matrix ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Total Potential Energy ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Moving Body ◽  
In Series ◽  
Spring Constants

This paper presents an analysis of a planar tensegrity-based mechanism. In this study, a moving body is joined to ground by four compliant leg connectors. Each leg connector is comprised of a spring in series with an adjustable length piston. Two problems are solved in this paper. In the first, the values of the four spring constants and free lengths are given and the lengths of the four pistons are determined such that: (1) the top body is positioned and oriented at a desired pose; (2) the top body is at equilibrium while a specified external wrench is applied; and (3) the total potential energy stored in the four springs equals some desired value. In the second problem, the values for the four spring free lengths are given and the values for the four spring constants and the lengths of the four pistons are determined such that conditions (1) and (2) from above are met and also the instantaneous stiffness matrix of the top body equals a specified set of matrix values. The paper formulates the solutions of these two problems. Numerical examples are presented.

Ultrahigh-Resolution MEMS Humidity Sensing Elements Based on Film Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 1257-1262
Author(s):  
Hong Yuan Zhao ◽  
Dai Hua Zhang ◽  
Wei Pang ◽  
Hao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Bulk Acoustic Wave ◽  
Mass Sensors ◽  
Series Resonant ◽  
Film Bulk ◽  
In Series ◽  
Acoustic Wave Resonators ◽  
Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators ◽  
Very High

A high-resolution humidity sensor based on MEMS FBAR with spin-coated PVA thin film is reported. The sensors exhibit very high sensitivity to water vapor and are able to detect down to 0.08 % change in relative humidity by monitoring the shift in series resonant frequency of the FBARs. The integration of these devices with CMOS oscillating circuits and RF front-end chips will create great potential of FBAR based mass sensors in a wide variety of applications in chemical and biological sensing.

scholarly journals Creep damage model of rock with varying-parameter under the step loading and unloading conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghe Li ◽  
Yanting Wang ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Xiaoxu Yang ◽  
Laigui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Model ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Creep Characteristics ◽  
Study Results ◽  
In Series ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Step Loading ◽  
Creep Damage Model

AbstractThe creep characteristics of rock under step loading and unloading conditions were investigated in this study. Based on the generalized Burgers model, the total strain of rock was decomposed into elastic, viscoelastic, varying-parameter viscoelastic, and viscoplastic strains considering the damage. The four strains were connected in series to establish a new varying-parameter creep damage model that can characterize the creep characteristics of rock under step loading and unloading conditions as well as identify and verify the model parameters. The study results showed that the varying-parameter creep damage model could better describe the creep characteristics of rock under step loading and unloading conditions, significantly the non-linear both the strain and time of attenuation creep and accelerated creep. The model fitting curve was highly consistent with the experimental data, and the correlation coefficient R2 was greater than 0.98, which thoroughly verified the accuracy and rationality of the model. These findings can provide theoretical support for analyzing the deformation and long-term stability of rock and soil.

scholarly journals Rainwater treatment: an approach for drinking water provision to indigenous people in Ecuadorian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pineda ◽  
D. Guaya ◽  
G. Rivera ◽  
M. J. García-Ruiz ◽  
F. Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
In Series

AbstractThis study is about the use of naturally occurring filtering materials for rainwater treatment for drinking water proposal. Crushed gravel, ceramic spheres from natural clays, silica sand and natural zeolite were used as filtering materials. The mineralogical composition of filtering materials was determined, being the illite and mordenite the major components of ceramic spheres and natural zeolite, respectively. Naturally occurring materials were simultaneous evaluated on two configuration of pilot plant systems (biofilters) for rainwater treatment. Three columns were arranged in series with unstratified flooded beds. The first stage was packed using crushed gravel. The second stage was packed using ceramic spheres. The third stage was packed with silica sand for the first plant and a natural zeolite was used for the second pilot plant system. Finally, a last stage of ultraviolet disinfection was incorporated. The trial period was 90 days, and it was evaluated the removal of Fe+2 and Mn+2, total coliforms, faecal coliforms and Escherichia col (E. coli). The rainwater treatment system using natural zeolite provided better results than the one using silica sand at third stage. The concentration of Fe+2 and Mn+2 was below the maximum permissible limits within 45 days. The efficiency of the treatment systems was optimal within 45 days, after the efficiency decreased progressively. Then, it is an attractive proposal for rural areas in developing countries for single-family water treatment systems.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Ti(C,N)-SiC-Si3N4-C Ceramic Nanocomposites

2009 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Anna Biedunkiewicz ◽  
U. Gabriel ◽  
P. Figiel
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
Kinetic Description ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Trace Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Volatile Products ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
In Series

The paper presents results of an analysis conducted over heating of nc-Ti-Si-C-N/C powder in argon atmosphere. TG-DSC-MS measurements were carried out under non-isothermal and isothermal conditions. The samples were heated up in series to 1573, 1673 and 1773 K. Four stages of the process were distinguished. In the first, endothermic stage, evolution of volatile products contained in raw samples took place. In the second, exothermic stage, oxidation of nc-Ti-Si-C-N/C contained in raw samples occured by the oxygen present in argon at a trace level. At the third stage pyrolysis of organic compounds, present in the samples, and carbonization of nc-Ti-Si-C-N/C, and in the fourth stage oxidation of purified composite by oxygen occurring in argon proceeded. Kinetic description of the process was presented at the example of series heated up to 1773 K. Coats-Redfern equation was applied. The kinetic models (forms of g(α) function) and Arrhenius parameters A and E were determined for the stages. An analysis of the process was performed using the obtained kinetic data.

Position and Force Analysis of a Planar Tensegrity-Based Compliant Mechanism

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjin Moon ◽  
Carl D. Crane ◽  
Rodney G. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Stiffness Matrix ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Total Potential Energy ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Moving Body ◽  
In Series ◽  
Spring Constants

This paper presents an analysis of a planar tensegrity-based mechanism. In this study, a moving body is joined to ground by four compliant leg connectors. Each leg connector is comprised of a spring in series with an adjustable length piston. Two problems are solved in this paper. In the first, the values of the four spring constants and free lengths are given and the lengths of the four pistons are determined such that (1) the top body is positioned and oriented at a desired pose, (2) the top body is at equilibrium while a specified external wrench is applied, and (3) the total potential energy stored in the four springs equals some desired value. In the second problem, the values for the four spring free lengths are given and the values for the four spring constants and the lengths of the four pistons are determined such that conditions (1) and (2) from above are met and also the instantaneous stiffness matrix of the top body equals a specified set of matrix values. The paper formulates the solutions of these two problems. Numerical examples are presented.

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