scholarly journals Erosion of tungsten marker layers in W7-X

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Mayer ◽  
Martin Balden ◽  
Sebastijan Brezinsek ◽  
Chandra Prakash Dhard ◽  
Stefan Elgeti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Heat Shield ◽  
Microscopic Scale ◽  
Operational Phase ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract In order to get first insight into net tungsten erosion in W7-X, tungsten (W) marker layers were exposed during the operational phase OP 1.2b at one position of the Test Divertor Unit (TDU), at 21 different positions of the inner heat shield, and at two scraper elements. The maximum tungsten erosion rate at the TDU strike line was 0.13 nm/s averaged over the whole campaign. The erosion was inhomogeneous on a microscopic scale, with higher erosion on ridges of the rough surface inclined towards the plasma and deposition of hydrocarbon layers in the recessed areas of the rough surface. The W erosion at the inner heat shield was below the detection limit of 3 – 6x1012 W-atoms/cm2s, and all inner heat shield tiles were covered with a thin B/C/O layer with thickness in the range 2x1017 – 1018 B + C atoms/cm2 (about 20 – 100 nm B + C). W-erosion of the marker layers on the scraper elements was also below the detection limit.

Integrated Molecular and Microscopic Scale Insight into Morphology and Ion Dynamics in Ca2+-Mediated Natural Organic Matter Floccs

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (31) ◽  
pp. 17773-17783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Bowers ◽  
Haley E. Argersinger ◽  
U. Venkataswara Reddy ◽  
Timothy A. Johnson ◽  
Bruce Arey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Ion Dynamics ◽  
Microscopic Scale ◽  
Insight Into

New Ramesside Copy of the Teaching of Amenemhat

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Navratilova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
New Kingdom ◽  
Administrative Roles ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Operational Phase ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Insight Into

A newly excavated ostracon from Abydos bearing the concluding chapter of “The Instruction (a.k.a. Teaching) of King Amenemhat” opens up an interesting enquiry. An ostracon found in the immediate vicinity of a New Kingdom royal memorial temple and carrying an excerpt from a major literary text is an important find, as it develops our insight into New Kingdom educational practices and intellectual quests. The range of ostraca types and text genres appearing in the area of the temple of Ramesses II points to a fully functional temple organization with a building phase and an operational phase, with supplies and literate personnel on site, potentially in different administrative roles. Studies in educational and intellectual pursuits, in turn, are key to expanding our comprehension of the functions—and enjoyment—of Egyptian culture.

Numerical Simulation of Damage to a Soil Embankment from Tsunami Overflow

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Fujii ◽  
◽  
Shintaro Hotta ◽  
Nobuo Shuto ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
The Past ◽  
Downstream Slope ◽  
Insight Into

There have been many studies on tsunami forces acting on structures, but few studies on tsunami-induced water flows that move a lot of sands or soils, resulting in damages to such structures as road embankments and seawalls. In the present study, the damage of soil embankments by tsunami overflow is discussed. Hydraulic experiments on movable beds reveal that the erosion of the downstream slope and the scouring at the rear toe are important factors in the erosion of soil embankments. An erosion rate law is experimentally established. Current velocity measured on a fixed bed verifies the application of the CADMAS-SURF to the present situation. A numerical method to simulate the erosion of soil embankments is developed using these data. It is applied to gain insight into the Shuto diagram (2001) about the damages of embankment obtained from field data for local tsunamis of short wave period in the past. Among six tests, reasonable agreements were obtained in four cases. In other two cases, the method gave the larger erosion than the expected ones from the diagram.

Enhanced Low-Temperature Crystallization of Amorphous Si Films Using AlCl3 Vapor

2001 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Hyung Ahn ◽  
Ji Hye Eom ◽  
Byung Tae Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Metal Film ◽  
Low Temperature Crystallization ◽  
Amorphous Si ◽  
Si Films ◽  
Temperature Crystallization

AbstractIt is known that the direct contact between Al and a-Si enhances the crystallization of a-Si film. But the poly-Si films crystallized by the direct contact of Al metal film suffer the problems of rough surface and pores. In our study, we utilized the vapor from AlCl3 instead of Al metal film. The crystallization was enhanced by annealing a-Si films with AlCl3 that the crystallization was completed in 5h at 540. And the surface was as smooth as that of the a-Si film. The Al incorporation into the poly-Si film took place, but the content was below the detection limit of AES.

scholarly journals Microrheology to Understand the Viscosity Behavior of a Sophorolipid Biosurfactant

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Jochen Kleinen ◽  
Jan Langwald ◽  
Joachim Venzmer ◽  
Hacer Yalcinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Aggregation ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Carboxylate Group ◽  
Microscopic Scale ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Viscosity Behavior ◽  
Aggregation Structure ◽  
Exchange Kinetics ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Acidic Sophorolipid

The microstructure of the aqueous solutions of purified acidic Sophorolipid (SL) has previously been studied using highly sophisticated methods such as SANS and Cryo-TEM. We were interested in whether (a) the main findings also apply to commercially available SL (which is a mixture of acidic and lactonic SL) and (b) more readily available methods such as DLS can be used to gain insight into the molecular aggregation of SL. Our work was motivated by the increasing interest in biosurfactants for applications in personal and household care. Moreover, the origin behind the more or less lack of rheological response to changes in pH is of practical relevance, as it is somewhat unusual for a carboxylate-group containing surfactant. By using DLS microrheology, we could elucidate the aggregation structure and dynamics of the surfactant on a microscopic scale. Surprisingly, the different degrees of protonation only impacted the microscopic properties such as exchange kinetics and the plateau values of the storage moduli.

Coefficients of Restitution in Normal Adhesive Impact between Smooth and Rough Elastic Bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Valentin L. Popov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Rolling Friction ◽  
Adhesive Contact ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Microscopic Scale ◽  
Elastic Bodies ◽  
Rear Part ◽  
The Moment

n 1975, Fuller and Tabor have shown that roughness can destroy macroscopic adhesion. This means that in spite of the presence of adhesion at the microscopic scale, the macrosopic force of adhesion vanishes. The mechanism of vanishing macroscopic adhesion is very simple: during approach of elastic bodies, asperities are elastically deformed so strongly that after unloading they destroy the microscopic adhesive junctions. However, both in the moment of formation of microscopic adhesive junctions in the loading phase and their destruction during unloading, mechanical energy disappears. This means that the microscopic adhesion makes the contact dissipative even if there is no macroscopic force of adhesion. In particular, the force-distance dependency during indentation and pull-off do not coincide with each other showing some "adhesive hysteresis". When a ball rolls on such rough surface, there will be a final energy dissipation due to formation of a new contact at the frontline of the contact and its destruction at the rear part. Thus, microscopic adhesion will lead to appearance of rolling friction in an apparently non-adhesive contact. In the present paper, we calculate the approach and pull-off dependencies of force on distance, the dissipated energy in one loading-unloading cycle and estimate the force of rolling friction due to microscopic adhesion.

Helium Neon Laser Intracavity Photothermal Beam Deflection Densitometer

1987 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieu D. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Ion Pump ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
Neon Laser ◽  
Helium Neon Laser ◽  
Photophysical Processes ◽  
Helium Neon ◽  
Argon Ion ◽  
Insight Into

A novel, compact He-Ne laser intracavity photothermal beam deflection densitometer has been developed. In this instrument, a TLC plate is placed inside the cavity of the He-Ne laser, which serves as a probe. An argon-ion pump-laser overlaps with the probe beam at the chro-matogram spot. The apparatus is 34 times more sensitive than the corresponding extracavity instrument. The technique not only was able to detect bilirubin, bilirubin ditauride, and half-bilirubin on a developed HPTLC but also provided insight into the photophysical processes of those pigments. The detection limit for bilirubin, excited by the 476-nm laser line, at 20 mW intensity, modulated at 7 Hz, is 2.5 ng.

scholarly journals Serology profile and effects of influenza vaccination on COVID-19-positive symptomatic and asymptomatic patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison N. Grossberg ◽  
Lilia A. Koza ◽  
Aurelie Ledreux ◽  
Chad Prusmack ◽  
Hari Krishnan Krishnamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Returns To Work ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Serology Test ◽  
Multiplex Serology ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 6.6 million people worldwide. As the population returns to work, it is critical to develop tests that can reliably detect SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Here, we present the results of a novel multiplex serology test to assess the immune response to COVID-19 in an outpatient cohort consisting of adults and children in Colorado. The IgG response was more robust in positive/symptomatic participants than in positive/asymptomatic participants. The IgM response in symptomatic participants was transient and largely fell below the detection limit 30 days after symptom onset. Influenza vaccination gave rise to milder symptomology, but did not protect against contagion. These results provide novel insight into serology profiling and the immune response to COVID-19.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document