Unified atmospheric neutrino passing fractions for large-scale neutrino telescopes

AbstractThe STRings for Absorption length in Water (STRAW) are the first in a series of pathfinders for the Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment (P-ONE), a future large-scale neutrino telescope in the north-eastern Pacific Ocean. STRAW consists of two $$150\,\mathrm {m}$$ 150 m long mooring lines instrumented with optical emitters and detectors. The pathfinder is designed to measure the attenuation length of the water and perform a long-term assessment of the optical background at the future P-ONE site. After 2 years of continuous operation, measurements from STRAW show an optical attenuation length of about 28 m at $$450\,\mathrm {nm}$$ 450 nm . Additionally, the data allow a study of the ambient undersea background. The overall optical environment reported here is comparable to other deep-water neutrino telescopes and qualifies the site for the deployment of P-ONE.

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Method and portable bench for tests of the laser optical calibration system components for the Baikal-GVD underwater neutrino Cherenkov telescope

Journal of Instrumentation ◽

10.1088/1748-0221/16/12/c12011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. C12011

Author(s):

V.A. Allakhverdyan ◽

A.D. Avrorin ◽

A.V. Avrorin ◽

V.M. Aynutdinov ◽

R. Bannasch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Test Bench ◽

Light Emission ◽

Testing Procedure ◽

Optical Parameters ◽

Calibration System ◽

Optical Elements ◽

Neutrino Telescopes ◽

3D Scan ◽

Laser Calibration

Abstract The Large-scale deep underwater Cherenkov neutrino telescopes like Baikal-GVD, ANTARES or KM3NeT, require calibration and testing methods of their optical modules. These methods usually include laser-based systems which allow us to check the telescope responses to the light and for real-time monitoring of the optical parameters of water such as absorption and scattering lengths, which show seasonal changes in natural reservoirs of water. We will present a testing method of a laser calibration system and a set of dedicated tools developed for Baikal-GVD, which includes a specially designed and built, compact, portable, and reconfigurable scanning station. This station is adapted to perform fast quality tests of the underwater laser sets just before their deployment in the telescope structure, even on ice, without a darkroom. The testing procedure includes the energy stability test of the laser device, 3D scan of the light emission from the diffuser and attenuation test of the optical elements of the laser calibration system. The test bench consists primarily of an automatic mechanical scanner with a movable Si detector, beam splitter with a reference Si detector and, optionally, Q-switched diode-pumped solid-state laser used for laboratory scans of the diffusers. The presented test bench enables a 3D scan of the light emission from diffusers, which are designed to obtain the isotropic distribution of photons around the point of emission. The results of the measurement can be easily shown on a 3D plot immediately after the test and may be also implemented to a dedicated program simulating photons propagation in water, which allows us to check the quality of the diffuser in the scale of the Baikal-GVD telescope geometry.

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EARLY YEARS OF HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINO PHYSICS IN COSMIC RAYS AND NEUTRINO ASTRONOMY (1957-1962)

International Journal of Modern Physics A ◽

10.1142/s0217751x06033271 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (supp01) ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

IGOR ZHELEZNYKH

Keyword(s):

Neutrino Physics ◽

Large Scale ◽

High Energy ◽

Early Years ◽

Atmospheric Neutrinos ◽

High Energy Neutrino ◽

Neutrino Telescopes ◽

Energy Neutrino ◽

Deep Underground ◽

Neutrino Astronomy

Ideas of deep underground and deep underwater detection of high-energy cosmic neutrinos were firstly suggested by Moisey Markov in the end of 50th. Frederic Reines was one of those who first detected high-energy atmospheric neutrinos in underground experiments in the middle of 60th (as well as low energy reactor neutrinos 10 years earlier!). Markov and Reines closely collaborated in 70th – 80th in discussion of alternative techniques for large-scale neutrino telescopes. Some events of 50 – 80 years relating to the development of a new branch of Astronomy – the High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy, in which Markov and Reines took part, were described in my talk at ARENA Workshop. Below the first part of my talk at the Workshop is presented describing discussions and meetings the neutrino physics and astrophysics relating to the period 1957-1962 when I was Markov's student and later post-graduated student.

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Measurement of Neutrino Oscillations with Neutrino Telescopes

Advances in High Energy Physics ◽

10.1155/2013/782538 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jürgen Brunner

Keyword(s):

Neutrino Oscillations ◽

Atmospheric Neutrino ◽

Neutrino Beam ◽

Mass Hierarchy ◽

Atmospheric Neutrinos ◽

Neutrino Mass Hierarchy ◽

Neutrino Telescopes ◽

Long Baseline ◽

Scientific Results

IceCube and ANTARES are the world-largest neutrino telescopes. They are successfully taking data, producing a wealth of scientific results. Whereas their main goal is the detection of cosmic neutrinos with energies in the TeV-PeV range, both have demonstrated their capability to measure neutrino oscillations by studying atmospheric neutrinos with energies of 10–50 GeV. After recalling the methods of these measurements and the first published results of these searches, the potential of existing, and planned low-energy extensions of IceCube and KM3Net are discussed. These new detectors will be able to improve the knowledge of the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters, and in particular they might help to understand the neutrino mass hierarchy. Such studies, which use atmospheric neutrinos, could be complemented by measurements in a long-baseline neutrino beam, which is discussed as a long-term future option.

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Sterile Neutrinos with Neutrino Telescopes

Universe ◽

10.3390/universe7110426 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 426

Author(s):

Carlos A. Argüelles ◽

Jordi Salvado

Keyword(s):

Liquid Scintillator ◽

Atmospheric Neutrino ◽

Neutrino Flux ◽

Electron Neutrino ◽

Anthropogenic Sources ◽

Current Status ◽

Neutrino Experiment ◽

Sterile Neutrinos ◽

Short Baseline ◽

Neutrino Telescopes

Searches for light sterile neutrinos are motivated by the unexpected observation of an electron neutrino appearance in short-baseline experiments, such as the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) and the Mini Booster Neutrino Experiment (MiniBooNE). In light of these unexpected results, a campaign using natural and anthropogenic sources to find the light (mass-squared-difference around 1 eV2) sterile neutrinos is underway. Among the natural sources, atmospheric neutrinos provide a unique gateway to search for sterile neutrinos due to the broad range of baseline-to-energy ratios, L/E, and the presence of significant matter effects. Since the atmospheric neutrino flux rapidly falls with energy, studying its highest energy component requires gigaton-scale neutrino detectors. These detectors—often known as neutrino telescopes since they are designed to observe tiny astrophysical neutrino fluxes—have been used to perform searches for light sterile neutrinos, and researchers have found no significant signal to date. This brief review summarizes the current status of searches for light sterile neutrinos with neutrino telescopes deployed in solid and liquid water.

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Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations with Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescopes

Advances in High Energy Physics ◽

10.1155/2015/271968 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. P. Yáñez ◽

A. Kouchner

Keyword(s):

Neutrino Oscillation ◽

Neutrino Mass ◽

Large Volume ◽

Neutrino Oscillations ◽

Atmospheric Neutrino ◽

Atmospheric Neutrinos ◽

Neutrino Telescopes ◽

The Way

Neutrino oscillations have been probed during the last few decades using multiple neutrino sources and experimental set-ups. In the recent years, very large volume neutrino telescopes have started contributing to the field. First ANTARES and then IceCube have relied on large and sparsely instrumented volumes to observe atmospheric neutrinos for combinations of baselines and energies inaccessible to other experiments. Using this advantage, the latest result from IceCube starts approaching the precision of other established technologies and is paving the way for future detectors, such as ORCA and PINGU. These new projects seek to provide better measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters and eventually determine the neutrino mass ordering. The results from running experiments and the potential from proposed projects are discussed in this review, emphasizing the experimental challenges involved in the measurements.

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The Antares And Km3Net Neutrino Telescopes: Status And Outlook For Acoustic Studies

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201921601004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 216 ◽

pp. 01004

Author(s):

Véronique Van Elewyck

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Neutrino ◽

Neutrino Flux ◽

High Energy ◽

Neutrino Telescope ◽

Mass Hierarchy ◽

Neutrino Mass Hierarchy ◽

Neutrino Telescopes ◽

Cosmic Neutrino ◽

Under Construction

The ANTARES detector has been operating continuously since 2007 in the Mediterranean Sea, demonstrating the feasibility of an undersea neutrino telescope. Its superior angular resolution in the reconstruction of neutrino events of all flavors results in unprecedented sensitivity for neutrino source searches in the southern sky at TeV energies, so that valuable constraints can be set on the origin of the cosmic neutrino flux discovered by theIceCube detector. The next generation KM3NeT neutrino telescope is now under construction, featuring two detectors with the same technology but different granularity: ARCA designed to search for high energy (TeV-PeV) cosmic neutrinos and ORCA designed to study atmospheric neutrino oscillations at the GeV scale, focusing on the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy. Both detectors use acoustic devices for positioning calibration, and provide testbeds for acoustic neutrino detection.

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