scholarly journals Detailed analysis of chemical corrosion of ultra-thin wires used in drift chamber detectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. T12003
Author(s):  
A.M. Baldini ◽  
G. Cavoto ◽  
F. Cei ◽  
M. Chiappini ◽  
G. Chiarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Drift Chamber ◽  
Mechanical Tension ◽  
Detector Resolution ◽  
Chemical Corrosion ◽  
Thin Wires ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Atmospheric Relative Humidity ◽  
Simple Empirical Model

Abstract Ultra-thin metallic anode and cathode wires are frequently employed in low-mass gaseous detectors for precision experiments, where the amount of material crossed by charged particles must be minimised. We present here the results of an analysis of the mechanical stress and chemical corrosion effects observed in 40 and 50 μm diameter silver plated aluminum wires mounted within the volume of the MEG II drift chamber, which caused the breakage of about one hundred wires (over a total of ≈ 12000). This analysis is based on the careful inspection of the broken wires by means of optical and electronic microscopes and on a detailed recording of all breaking incidents. We present a simple empirical model which relates the number of broken wires to their exposure time to atmospheric relative humidity and to their mechanical tension, which is necessary for mechanical stability in the presence of electrostatic fields of several kV/cm. Finally we discuss how wire breakages can be avoided or at least strongly reduced by operating in controlled atmosphere during the mounting stages of the wires within the drift chamber and by choosing a 25 % thicker wire diameter, which has very small effects on the detector resolution and efficiency and can be obtained by using a safer fabrication technique.

Pattern Recognition of Charged Particles for the VENUS Central Drift Chamber

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (Part 1, No. 7) ◽  
pp. 1049-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Nakagawa ◽  
Tachishige Hirose ◽  
Jun-ichi Kanzaki
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Drift Chamber

scholarly journals The Effect of Coulomb Interactions on the Helium Flash

1989 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
A. Harpaz ◽  
A. Kovetz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Red Giants ◽  
Coulomb Interactions ◽  
Core Mass ◽  
The Core ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Red Giant ◽  
Recent Claim

AbstractDetailed evolutionary calculations show that Coulomb interactions between the charged particles of a stellar plasma reduce the core mass at which a low mass red giant undergoes the helium flash (contrary to a recent claim). This has implications for the determination of the rate of mass loss from red giants.

A fast, low-mass detector for charged particles

1981 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-494
Author(s):  
John A. McGill ◽  
Leroy G. Atencio ◽  
Christopher L. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particles ◽  
Mass Detector ◽  
Low Mass

scholarly journals DRIFT CHAMBER TRACKING WITH A VLSI NEURAL NETWORK

1992 ◽  
Vol 03 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
Clark S. Lindsey ◽  
Bruce Denby ◽  
Herman Haggerty ◽  
Ken Johns
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Drift Chamber ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Analog Vlsi ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Energy Physics

We have tested a commercial analog VLSI neural network chip for finding in real time the intercept and slope of charged particles traversing a drift chamber. Voltages proportional to the drift times were input to the Intel ETANN chip and the outputs were recorded and later compared off line to conventional track fits. We will discuss the chamber and test setup, the chip specifications, and results of recent tests. We’ll briefly discuss possible applications in high energy physics detector triggers.

Moisture and Plastic Package Stability

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Kinsman ◽  
W.E. Jahsman ◽  
R.C. Sundahl
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Moisture Sensitivity ◽  
Chemical Corrosion ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Microelectronic Devices ◽  
Plastic Package ◽  
Environmental Test ◽  
State Of Affairs

AbstractPolymers used to encapsulate microelectronic devices absorb moisture – it's their nature. But only recently, with the growing use of surface mount technologies, has this phenomenon fostered concern much beyond the traditional chemical (corrosion) issues. The mechanical stability of plastic encapsulated components in use is now affected by moisture and its complex relation to interfacial adhesion and stress distributions within the package under different environmental (test) conditions. Strategies to defend against moisture-associated problems involve control of the application environment (removing moisture), improving package structural designs (increasing robustness), and managing materials choice to reduce moisture sensitivity. Each strategy has limitations, both physical and practical (economic), and all currently are being pursued. This paper will review the technical challenges, with particular emphasis on the state of affairs with regard to material development and application.

Iron K-Line Emission from X-Ray Binaries

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
K. Masai ◽  
S. Hayakawa ◽  
F. Nagase
Keyword(s):  
Accretion Disk ◽  
Radiative Recombination ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Line Emission ◽  
Ionization Front ◽  
Continuum Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
X Ray Binaries

AbstractEmission mechanisms of the iron Kα-lines in X-ray binaries are discussed in relation with the characteristic temperature Txof continuum radiation thereof. The 6.7 keV line is ascribed to radiative recombination followed by cascades in a corona of ∼ 100 eV formed above the accretion disk. This mechanism is attained for Tx≲ 10 keV as observed for low mass X-ray binaries. The 6.4 keV line observed for binary X-ray pulsars with Tx> 10 keV is likely due to fluorescence outside the He II ionization front.

The Jovian ring

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Equatorial Plane ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Dynamical Evolution ◽  
Main Band ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Three Components

ABSTRACTLying in Jupiter's equatorial plane is a diaphanous ring having little substructure within its three components (main band, faint disk, and halo). Micron-sized grains account for much of the visible ring, but particles of centimeter sizes and larger must also be present to absorb charged particles. Since dynamical evolution times and survival life times are quite short (≲102-3yr) for small grains, the Jovian ring is being continually replenished; probably most of the visible ring is generated by micrometeoroids colliding into unseen parent bodies that reside in the main band.

Atomic orientation effects in proton stopping at low velocity

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 708-709
Author(s):  
Kin Lam
Keyword(s):  
Polycrystalline Material ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Stopping Power ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Electronic Density ◽  
Interatomic Distances ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Atomic Orientation

The energy of moving ions in solid is dependent on the electronic density as well as the atomic structural properties of the target material. These factors contribute to the observable effects in polycrystalline material using the scanning ion microscope. Here we outline a method to investigate the dependence of low velocity proton stopping on interatomic distances and orientations.The interaction of charged particles with atoms in the frame work of the Fermi gas model was proposed by Lindhard. For a system of atoms, the electronic Lindhard stopping power can be generalized to the formwhere the stopping power function is defined as

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