Assessing the energy efficiency of a district’s existing building stock glazing – Case Study TU Dresden

AIM: This research examines the important issue of energy efficient improvements to the existing building stock through building envelope upgrade. To facilitate this, the energy performance characteristics of the existing building stock were identified with a view to establishing an existing building stock type, where building envelope upgrades can contribute to a higher level of energy efficiency improvements. The literature review along with the selected building precedents was used to establish the best current practice for building envelope upgrades.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Established building precedents and identified best practice for building envelope upgrade, a high rise block of flats was identified and used as a case study, with the current and predicted, following building envelope upgrade, energy performance of the building calculated. This has allowed us to identify the possible energy efficiency improvements for this type of building following the building envelope upgrade. RESULTS: In the projected case, the building with energy class - "D" become class "B". In addition, increased quality of the living room in the attic was enabled. It was possible to obtain a decrease of the heating energy from 130.76 kWh/m²a to 37.73 kWh/m²a or to jump in the class "B" of energetic passport.CONCLUSION: This research contributes to the local implementation of the global agenda for sustainable development, design and construction, and it demonstrates the possible way and level of energy efficiency improvements to the least efficient building stock through existing building envelope upgrade.

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Life-Cycle Assessment of a Rural Terraced House: A Struggle with Sustainability of Building Renovations

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14092472 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 2472

Author(s):

Karel Struhala ◽

Milan Ostrý

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Construction Sector ◽

Building Stock ◽

Existing Building ◽

New Construction ◽

Consumption Energy

Contemporary research stresses the need to reduce mankind’s environmental impacts and achieve sustainability. One of the keys to this is the construction sector. New buildings have to comply with strict limits regarding resource consumption (energy, water use, etc.). However, they make up only a fraction of the existing building stock. Renovations of existing buildings are therefore essential for the reduction of the environmental impacts in the construction sector. This paper illustrates the situation using a case study of a rural terraced house in a village near Brno, Czech Republic. It compares the life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the original house and its proposed renovation as well as demolition followed by new construction. The LCA covers both the initial embodied environmental impacts (EEIs) and the 60-year operation of the house with several variants of energy sources. The results show that the proposed renovation would reduce overall environmental impacts (OEIs) of the house by up to 90% and the demolition and new construction by up to 93% depending on the selected energy sources. As such, the results confirm the importance of renovations and the installation of environmentally-friendly energy sources for achieving sustainability in the construction sector. They also show the desirability of the replacement of inefficient old buildings by new construction in specific cases.

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Plug-and-Play Solutions for Energy-Efficiency Deep Renovation of European Building Stock

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2151157 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (15) ◽

pp. 1157 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rizal Sebastian ◽

Anna Gralka ◽

Rosamaria Olivadese ◽

Marco Arnesano ◽

Gian Marco Revel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Building Stock ◽

Plug And Play ◽

Building Information Modelling ◽

Existing Building ◽

Information Modelling ◽

Building Information

Ninety percent of the existing building stock in Europe was built before 1990. These buildings are in urgent need for a significant improvement of energy-efficiency through renovation. State-of-the-art renovation solutions are available, but costly and lengthy renovation processes and incomprehensible technical complexities hinder the achievement of a wide impact at a European scale. This paper presents a research on Plug-and-Play (PnP) technologies supported by Building Information Modelling (BIM) to provide affordable, interchangeable and quick-installation solutions to overcome the main barriers of building deep renovation.

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The application of the EN ISO 52016 standard and its Italian National Annex to assess the heating and cooling needs of a reference office building

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202131206003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 312 ◽

pp. 06003

Author(s):

Franz Bianco Mauthe Degerfeld ◽

Ilaria Ballarini ◽

Giovanna De Luca ◽

Vincenzo Corrado

Keyword(s):

Building Energy ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Office Building ◽

Dynamic Calculation ◽

Building Stock ◽

Existing Building ◽

Building Energy Performance ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Energy Simulations

The EN ISO 52016-1 standard presents a new simplified dynamic calculation procedure, whose aim is to provide an accurate energy performance assessment without excessively increasing the number of data required. The Italian National Annex to EN ISO 52016-1, currently under development, provides some improvements to the hourly calculation method; despite many works can be found in literature on the hourly model of EN ISO 52016-1, the National Annexes application has not been sufficiently analysed yet. The aim of the present work is to assess the main improvements introduced by the Italian National Annex and to compare the main results, in terms of energy need for space heating and cooling. To this purpose, an existing building representative of the Italian office building stock in Northern Italy was selected as a case study. The energy simulations were carried out considering both continuous and reduced operation of the HVAC systems. The options specified in the Italian National Annex were firstly applied one by one, and then all together. The variation of the energy need compared to the international base procedure is finally quantified. For the premises and the scope above discussed, the present work is intended to enhance the standardisation activity towards the adoption of more accurate and trustable calculation methods of the building energy performance.

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A Framework for Comparing the Economic Performance and Associated Emissions of Grid-connected Battery Storage Systems in Existing Building Stock: a NYISO Case Study

2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) ◽

10.1109/pvsc.2017.8366258 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Julian do Nascimento Ricardo ◽

Vasilis Fthenakis

Keyword(s):

Economic Performance ◽

Storage Systems ◽

Battery Storage ◽

Building Stock ◽

Existing Building

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RETROFIT MEASURES IN OLD ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BUILDINGS TOWARDS ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Journal of Civil Engineering and Management ◽

10.3846/jcem.2010.63 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 567-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jorge S. Carlos ◽

Helena Corvacho

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Elementary School ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Savings ◽

School Buildings ◽

Building Stock ◽

Energy Needs ◽

Heating Energy Consumption ◽

Type Of School

A study on thermal retrofit of Portuguese elementary school buildings is presented. The type of school under analysis is one adopted by a large construction campaign that began in the 1940's. This building stock has a very poor thermal performance and their retrofit was evaluated starting with a case study of a school in the central region of Portugal, where some experimental measures were performed and a calculation method was applied for the heating energy consumption estimation. A solution for the thermal retrofit of the school building external envelope was optimized and the effect on heating energy consumption was evaluated, using ECOTECT, resulting in a reduction of 52% of heating energy needs. The national impact of the thermal retrofit of the whole building stock was characterised in terms of energy savings. Finally, the pre‐heating of the ventilation air was also tested as a complementary measure and its effect evaluated. The solution tested may provide up to 1000 kWh/year of extra heat gains by pre‐heating the ventilation air. It must be underlined though that the performance of these systems is dependent on the thermal properties of their components so higher reductions can be achieved with the improvement of these properties. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikiami Portugalijos pradines mokyklos šiluminio atnaujinimo tyrimai. Analizuojamos mokyklos tipas yra vienas iš taikytu po 1940 metu prasidejusioje plačioje statybos kampanijoje. Šios pastatu grupes šilumines charakteristikos yra labai prastos. Ju atnaujinimo vertinimas buvo pradetas nuo centrineje Portugalijoje esančios mokyklos, kurioje buvo igyvendintos kai kurios eksperimentines priemones, ir energijos sanaudoms nustatyti pritaikytas skaičiavimo metodas. Pastato išoriniu atitvaru šiluminio atnaujinimo sprendimas buvo optimizuotas ir jo itaka šilumines energijos sanaudoms nustatyta naudojant ECOTECT. Šilumines energijos poreikis sumažejo 52 %. Iš viso pastatu fondo šiluminio atnaujinimo itaka nacionaliniu mastu vertinta sutaupytos energijos kiekiu. Pabaigoje kaip papildoma priemone buvo išbandytas pirminis vedinamo oro pašildymas, nustatytas jo naudingumas. Išbandytasis pirminis vedinamo oro pašildymas gali suteikti iki 1000 kWh/metus papildomo išsiskiriančio šilumos kiekio. Pabrežtina, kad nors šiu sistemu veikimo charakteristikos priklauso nuo ju komponentu šiluminiu savybiu, gerinant šias savybes galima daugiau sumažinti energijos sanaudu.

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How to Prioritize Energy Efficiency Intervention in Municipal Public Buildings to Decrease CO2 Emissions? A Case Study from Italy

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17124434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 4434

Author(s):

Filomena Pietrapertosa ◽

Marco Tancredi ◽

Michele Giordano ◽

Carmelina Cosmi ◽

Monica Salvia

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Action Plan ◽

The European Union ◽

Public Buildings ◽

Building Stock ◽

End Use ◽

Climate Crisis

The European Union 2050 climate neutrality goal and the climate crisis require coordinated efforts to reduce energy consumption in all sectors, and mainly in buildings greatly affected by the increasing temperature, with relevant CO2 emissions due to inefficient end-use technologies. Moreover, the old building stock of most countries requires suited policies to support renovation programs aimed at improving energy performances and optimize energy uses. A toolbox was developed in the framework of the PrioritEE project to provide policy makers and technicians with a wide set of tools to support energy efficiency in Municipal Public Buildings. The toolbox, available for free, was tested in the partners’ communities, proving its effectiveness. The paper illustrates its application to the Potenza Municipality case study in which the online calculator DSTool (the core instrument of the toolbox) was utilized to select and prioritize the energy efficiency interventions in public buildings implementable in a three-year action plan in terms of costs, energy savings, CO2 emissions’ reduction and return on investments. The results highlight that improvements in the building envelopes (walls and roofs), heating and lighting and photovoltaic systems allow reducing CO2 emission approximately 644 t/year and saving about 2050 MWh/year with a total three-year investment of 1,728,823 EUR.

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Sustainable Urban Regeneration through Densification Strategies: The Kallithea District in Athens as a Pilot Case Study

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12229462 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 9462

Author(s):

Annarita Ferrante ◽

Anastasia Fotopoulou ◽

Cecilia Mazzoli

Keyword(s):

Seismic Vulnerability ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Construction Sector ◽

Existing Buildings ◽

Zero Energy ◽

Building Stock ◽

Existing Building ◽

Innovative Methods ◽

European Policies

The current main issue in the construction sector in Europe concerns the energy refurbishment and the reactivation of investments in existing buildings. Guidance for enhancing energy efficiency and encouraging member states to create a market for deep renovation is provided by a number of European policies. Innovative methods and strategies are required to attract and involve citizens and main stakeholders to undertake buildings’ renovation processes, which actually account for just 1% of the total building stock. This contribution proposes technical and financial solutions for the promotion of energy efficient, safe, and attractive retrofit interventions based on the creation of volumetric additions combined with renewable energy sources. This paper focuses on the urban reality of Athens as being an important example of a degraded urban center with a heavy heat island, a quite important heating demand, and a strong seismic vulnerability. The design solutions presented here demonstrate that the strategy of additions, because of the consequent increased value of the buildings, could represent an effective densification policy for the renovation of existing urban settings. Hence, the aim is to trigger regulatory and market reforms with the aim to boost the revolution towards nearly zero energy buildings for the existing building stocks.

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Development of a Weight Factor Method for Sustainability Decisions in Building Renovation. Case Study Using Renobuild

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12177194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (17) ◽

pp. 7194

Author(s):

Alaa Khadra ◽

Mårten Hugosson ◽

Jan Akander ◽

Jonn Are Myhren

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Integrated Design ◽

Decision Makers ◽

The European Union ◽

Building Stock ◽

Existing Building ◽

Ecological Aspects ◽

Decision Making Processes ◽

Integrated Design Process

Energy efficiency investments have become strategically important for the European Union. In particular, energy efficient renovation and investment in the existing building stock have become major challenges. Renovation of a building should involve a holistic and integrated design process, which considers all aspects of sustainability. The aim of this work is to suggest a mathematical model that weighs economic, social and ecological aspects into a measure that supports housing owners/decision makers to find the optimal renovation alternative from their perspective, taking factors such as budget, energy consumption, etc. into consideration. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) concerns structuring and solving multiple-criteria decision problems. MCDM has become popular in energy planning as it enables the decision maker to pay attention to all the criteria available and make the appropriate decision as per the priority of the criteria. In this study, the concept is introduced based on economic, social and ecological aspects assessed during a renovation project. A pedagogical example illustrates the suggested numerical system for comparing different renovation alternatives. The suggested method will facilitate decision-making processes in renovation projects and will allow decision makers to choose the best renovation alternatives that are in line with their business ideas and principles.

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Energy-Efficient Envelope Design for Apartment Blocks—Case Study of A Residential Building in Spain

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11010433 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 433

Author(s):

Francisco José Sánchez de la Flor ◽

Enrique Ángel Rodríguez Jara ◽

Álvaro Ruiz Pardo ◽

José Manuel Salmerón Lissén ◽

Maria Kolokotroni

Keyword(s):

Optimization Problem ◽

Residential Building ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Practical Case ◽

Zero Energy ◽

Building Stock ◽

Existing Building ◽

Zero Energy Building ◽

Optimum Solution

Buildings are known to be responsible for about a third of energy consumption in developed countries. This situation, together with the fact that the existing building stock is being renovated at a very slow pace, makes it crucial to focus on the energy retrofitting of buildings as the only way to reduce their contribution to these energy consumptions and the consequences derived from them in terms of pollution and climate change. The same level of insulation and the same type of windows is usually proposed for all dwellings in a building block. This article shows that since the improvements required by each dwelling in the same block are different, the proposed solution must also be different. The methodology is proposed for a practical case consisting of an apartment block in Cádiz, a demonstration building of the European RECO2ST project. To achieve the optimum solution for each case, a multi-objective optimization problem is solved: to minimize the annual heating demand of the building and the standard deviation of the annual demand of the different dwellings. Thanks to the use of the proposed methodology, it is possible to bring the building to a Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB) level, while avoiding excessive insulation that causes overheating in summer.

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