scholarly journals The design of fresh fruit bunch palm oil purchase system from independent smallholders to support Indonesia’s biodiesel development program

2021 ◽  
Vol 749 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
K Falgenti ◽  
Y Arkeman ◽  
E Hambali ◽  
K Syamsu
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch

scholarly journals Design and development of a motor operated oil palm crusher for smallholder growers in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
MA Awal ◽  
SS Tabriz
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Rotating Speed

At present oil palm growers are facing problem to extract crude palm oil in Bangladesh. Processing of palm oil categorized into various forms but basic processing stages are essentially the same including harvesting, sterilization, bunch stripping, digestion, crushing, clarification and drying. Extracting of palm oil is very difficult by traditional method and oil recovery rate is very low. Although mechanical processing is costly but produces good quality Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and oil recovery rate is high. An electric motor operated oil palm crusher was designed and developed and tested in laboratory under the Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for processing of crude palm oil from fresh fruit bunch. The crusher was designed by using Auto-Cad software. It was fabricated according to design parameters. The major parts of the crusher were screw shaft, cylinder, hopper, hollow bars, pressure case cap, jamnut and frame which were fabricated by mild steel (MS), ball bearing, gear and pinion, line and idle shaft and spring were fabricated by carbon steel (CS) whereas driver and driven pulley were fabricated by cast iron(CI). Crusher was mounted on the frame. A 9 hp electric motor was used as a power source. Crusher was tested after fabrication and 3000 gm fresh fruits were used. About 700 gm crude palm oil, 800 gm oil cake, 1400 gm skum were collected from 2700 gm pretreated fruits. The crushing capacity and crude oil percentage of the crusher was 6.49 kg/hr and 25.93%, respectively. Rotating speed of screw was 40 rpm for smooth running. The weight of crusher was only 70 kg which is easy to operate by single person. The developed oil palm crusher may fulfill the demand of smallholder growers to extract oil from fresh fruit bunches. Progressive Agriculture 30 (1): 141-149, 2019

scholarly journals Characteristics of Fresh Fruit Bunch Yield and the Physicochemical Qualities of Palm Oil during Storage in North Sumatra, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Basyuni ◽  
Nofrizal Amri ◽  
Lollie Agustina Pancawaraswati Putri ◽  
Indra Syahputra ◽  
Deni Arifiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Fruit Storage ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Bunch Yield

This study examines the fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield and the effect of fruit storage on the quality of palm oil in Bangun Bandar Estate, Dolok Masihul, North Sumatra, with special reference to the physicochemical parameters. The quality of palm oil is mostly determined by the color, free fatty acids (FFAs), moisture, impurities, carotene content, and deterioration of bleachability index (DOBI). The palm fruits were stored in a refrigerator for 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after harvesting before analyzing their carotenoid content, DOBI, FFAs, moisture, and impurities. The results showed that the potency of the crude palm oil (CPO) types, dura, pisifera, and tenera, were 23.5, 26.2, and 23.6%, respectively. The carotenoid content and DOBI of the palm oil types, dura, pisifera, and tenera, were decreased significantly by lengthy storage of the fruit. By contrast, lengthy storage of the fruit significantly increased the FFA, moisture, and impurity contents of these palm oil types, indicating that this reduced the quality of the palm oil. Oil processed from FFB has excellent quality with a high carotene content and DOBI, and a low concentration of FFA, moisture, and impurities. The present study contributes to palm oil stability and nutritional value.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Color Models for Palm Oil Fresh Fruit Bunch Ripeness Classification

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurbaity Sabri ◽  
Zaidah Ibrahim ◽  
Dino Isa
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Color Model ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Color Models ◽  
Ripe Stage ◽  
The Right

This paper investigates the application of eight color models for automatic palm oil Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) ripeness classification with multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM).  Ripeness classification is important during harvesting to ensure that they are harvested during the correct ripe stage for optimum oil production.  Since color is a significant indicator for agriculturists to determine the ripeness of FFB, it is critical to determine the right color model. Eight color models have been investigated namely, HSV, I1I2I3, LAB, XYZ, YCbCr, YIQ, YUV and RGB. Color moments were extracted from each of these color models for the classification of four stages of FFB ripeness that are unripe, under-ripe, ripe and over-ripe.  A database of five hundred images of palm oil FFB has been constructed and experiments showed that YCbCr and YUV outperform the other color models.

scholarly journals Loose Fruit Collector Machine in Malaysia: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Mohd Zulfahmi Mohd Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Collection Process ◽  
Two Machines

Malaysia is the world’s second largest producer of palm oil after Indonesia. There are six main processes in most commercial palm oil production. In harvesting, the collection of loose fruit is an important process because the loose fruit contain the highest percentage of oil compared to fresh fruit bunch. Thus, the loose fruit collection process needs to be taken into consideration. In order to properly manage the collection of clean loose fruit, there is a need for a loose fruit-collecting machine that can collect the loose fruit efficiently. In this paper, a loose fruit collecting machine and roller type oil palm loose fruit picker in Malaysia are reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages of these two machines categories are discussed. These two machines could provide significant advantages to the industry by increasing productivity through the efficient collection of loose fruit.   Keywords: Oil palm, loose fruit, fresh fruit bunch

PENGURANGAN GAS RUMAH KACA DARI LIMBAH CAIR DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT PT PERUSAHAAN NUSANTARA, RIAU

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irhan Febijanto
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Certified Emission Reduction ◽  
Water Pond ◽  
Development Mechanism

Waste water utilization in palm oil mills (POMs) in Indonesia is limited only for land application and in some palm oil mills the waste water is unutilized and it is only discharged to a river. The technology of methane gas utilization produced from waste water have been developed, unfortunately economical barrier is a big problem to implement it in the POMs. Since Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) have been being introducing in Indonesia, many foreign investors who looking for Certified Emission Reduction (CER) visit and investigate potential reductions in Indonesia. Using CDM Mechanism, it will change feasibility of an activity of methane gas capture. An income from selling CER makes theeconomical feasibility of methane gas capture increase. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential methane gas produced in waste water pond in all POM owned by PTPN V, located in Riau Province. Area of own plantation, amount of processed (Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) and distance of the location are proposed as a consideration for selecting candidate locations. The potentialmethane gas captured was calculated. It was known that four POMs have a potential methane gas amount produced from waste water pond, and the investment in those locations were feasible based on the NPV calculation result. Utilization of captured methane gas as a fuel for power generation is inconsiderate, because negotiation is predicted will be takes a long time.Key words: green house gasses, palm oil mill, empty fruit bunch, fresh fruit bunch, palm mill oil effluent, clean development mechanism

scholarly journals Hydraulically operated palm oil loader system design as fresh fruit bunch collector

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
S. Sarip ◽  
M. A. Suhot ◽  
H. M. Kaidi ◽  
M. F. Mohd Noor ◽  
S. Abdul Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
System Design ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Speed Up

<span>Palm oil is one of the main agricultural contributors to Malaysia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Although commercial palm oil plantations have flourished in Malaysia for decades, there is still room for improvement especially in minimizing manpower load and developing efficient machinery to improve the various processes involved in the palm oil industry from estate to the mills. This paper presents a modified towable backhoe to assist in the Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) collecting process as an effort to save time. The main objective of this study is to design a machine that can be used by smallholders of oil palm in order to help speed up the work process. With a boom extension and an innovative grabber, the pressure needed to operate the hydraulic system was analyzed to ensure the towable backhoe functioned effectively and fulfilled its objectives. From the calculations done, the maximum pressure that the system can supply is 31.28 MPa which is higher than the 11 MPa minimum required for the hydraulic system to operate.</span>

scholarly journals A MODEL SELECTION FOR PRICE FORCASTING OF CRUDE PALM OIL AND FRESH FRUIT BUNCH PRICE FORECASTING

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-490
Author(s):  
K. Sukiyono ◽  
N. N. Arianti ◽  
B. Sumantri ◽  
M. Mustopa Romdhon ◽  
M. Suryanty
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Forecasting Method ◽  
Double Exponential Smoothing

This study was aimed to determining a fitted forecasting method for the forecasting of crude palm oil prices at international and domestic market as well as fresh fruit bunch prices at collecting merchant and farmer level in Bengkulu Province market by considering three models, namely, double exponential smoothing, autoregressive integrated moving average, and classical decomposition.  The data used were monthly data of crude palm oil prices at domestic and world markets from January 2012 – October 2016 and January 2012 – April 2017, while the fresh fruit bunch data at collecting merchant and farmers in Bengkulu Province were also monthly data from 2007 – 2014.  The result showedthat the most accurate method was ARIMA for all prices at all market levels.  This decision was based on all criteria used to determine the best model including MAPE, MAD, and MSD.

scholarly journals Ripeness Classification of Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunch Using an Optical Probe

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Nurmaya Sari ◽  
Minarni Shiddiq ◽  
Ramma Hayu Fitra ◽  
Nadia Zakyyah Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Optical Probe ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
Agriculture Products

Penggunaan spektroskopi fluoresensi yang nondestruktif bidang pertanian semakin intensif dilakukan khususnya untuk evaluasi produk pertanian. Sortasi dan grading Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) Kelapa Sawit sebelum memasuki proses produksi Crude Palm Oil sangat penting untuk memenuhi standar produksi dan ekspor. Sistem sortasi dan grading elektronik dibutuhkan untuk mengantikan metode sortasi manual mengandalkan penglihatan dan pengalaman. Pada penelitian ini probe optik yang terdiri dari laser dioda 640 nm dan dua fotodioda inframerah dalam konfigurasi triangulasi digunakan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kematangan TBS kelapa sawit dan hubungannya dengan kekerasan buah dan tegangan fotodioda. Sampel terdiri dari 23 TBS Tenera. Buah kelapa sawit pada setiap TBS disinari laser pada tiga bagian yaitu pangkal, tengah dan ujung, setiap bagian terdiri dari tiga buah kelapa sawit. Tegangan keluaran dari kedua fotodioda dijumlahkan dan diperkuat oleh rangkaian multiboard komersial. Setelah tegangan diperoleh, ke-9 buah kelapa sawit dilepaskan dari TBS, tingkat kekerasan buah diukur mengunakan penetrometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kematangan TBS mempunyai korelasi linier terhadap kekerasan buah dengan kekerasan yang tertinggi pada buah mentah sebesar 9,39 kg/cm2 dan terendah pada buah terlalu matang sebesar 5,64 kg/cm2. Nilai tegangan rata-rata terkecil pada buah mentah dan tertinggi pada buah matang kemudian turun pada buah lewat matang. Hasil K-means clustering menunjukkan pengelompokan 4 tingkat kematangan berdasarkan nilai kekerasan dan tegangan yaitu F0, F1, F2, dan F3. Applications of nondestructive fluorescence spectroscopy in agriculture have been intensively carried out especially to evaluate agriculture products. Sorting and grading oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) before Crude Palm Oil milling processes are important tasks to meet the production and export standards. Electronic systems for sorting and grading of FFBs are needed to replace manual sorting method which depends on human vision and experience. In this study, an optical probe consisted of a 635 nm diode laser and two photodiodes was used to evaluate the ripeness level of oil palm FFB and its relation to both the fruitlet firmness and resulted photodiode voltages. Laser was directed to each of nine fruitlets of each FFB from three parts; basil, equatorial, and apical. Output voltages from each photodiode were summed and amplified by a commercially multi-board circuit. Then their firmness levels were obtained using a penetrometer. The results show that there is a linear correlation between the firmness levels and the FFB ripeness levels. The firmness values ranges from 9.39 kg/cm2 for unripe FFB and 5.64 kg/cm2 for overripe FFB. The highest voltage is obtained for ripe FFB and less for unripe and overripe FFB. K-means clustering results indicate that the overall ripeness levels are grouped into 4 levels of ripeness, namely F0, F1, F2 and F3 based on the values of hardness and the voltage of each sample.               Keywords: Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Oil Palm, Fresh Fruit Bunch, Firmness, Optical Probe

scholarly journals PENGARUH TINGKAT KERUSAKAN JALAN PERKEBUNAN DAN POSISI TANDAN BUAH SEGAR DI BAK TRUK TERHADAP KINERJA ANGKUTAN KELAPA SAWIT (Effect of Estate Road Damage and Fresh Fruit Bunch Position in Truck Bin on Oil Palm Transportation Performance)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wahyu Krisdiarto ◽  
Lilik Sutiarso
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Method Analysis

Oil Palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) transportation is a vital step in post harvest process. Transportation condition mayaffects the quantity and quality of FFB as a palm oil factory raw material. Due to many estate roads are not at idealcondition, this research was addressed to explore the relationship between road damage level and position of FFBin truck bin to transportation performance. Transportation performance indicator were leftover fruit, level of releasedfruitlets, fruits bruise index, and free fatty acid (FFA) content. The research divided into two stage. The first wason transportation performance in collection road. The second was FFB transportation from fruit collection point tofactory, which was treated on good, moderate, and bad road. Observation was done to the FFB at bottom, middleand upper layer of truck bin. The transportation performace indicators were analized by Anova, and continued byTukey method analysis if there were differentces among treatments. Result showed that level of road damage wassignificantly affect transportation performace indicator i.e level of leftover fruits, but it was not significantly affectlevel of released fruitlets, fruits bruise index, and FFA content. Meanwhile, FFB position in truck bin influenced levelof fruitlets releasing, and significantly influenced fruits bruise index.Keywords: Palm oil transportation, leftover fruits, released fruitlets, bruise index, oil Pal FFB ABSTRAKPengangkutan tandan buah segar (TBS) kelapa sawit merupakan satu tahap penting dalam proses pascapanen. Kondisipengangkutan menentukan kuantitas dan kualitas TBS sebagai bahan baku pabrik kelapa sawit. Mengingat masihbanyak jalan perkebunan yang belum ideal, penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari hubungan tingkat kerusakan jalan danpenempatan TBS di bak truk terhadap kinerja pengangkutan. Indikator kinerja pengangkutan yang digunakan adalahbuah restan (tertinggal di kebun), kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB), tingkat pelepasan buah (membrondol), dan tingkatmemar (indeks memar). Penelitian dibagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu: 1) kinerja pengangkutan dari piringan pohon ketempat pengumpulan hasil (TPH). 2) kinerja pengangkutan dari TPH ke pabrik. Perlakuan dalam penelitian tahap duaadalah kualitas jalan pengumpulan, yaitu jalan baik, sedang, dan buruk, dan posisi TBS di bak truk, yaitu di lapisandasar, tengah, dan atas. Hubungan panjang jalan rusak dengan tingkat restan buah dianalisis dengan analisis regresi,sedang indikator kinerja pengangkutan dianalisis dengan analisis varians (Anova), dan kemudian dilanjutkan dengananalisis satu arah pembedaan antar perlakuan dengan metode Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi atautingkat kerusakan jalan memberikan pengaruh terhadap indikator kinerja pengangkutan tingkat buah restan, namuntidak secara nyata berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pelepasan buah sawit dari tandan (pembrondolan), tingkat kerusakanbuah (indeks memar) dan kadar ALB pada saat pengangkutan menggunakan truk bak kayu. Sedang posisi TBS didalam bak truk berpengaruh cukup nyata terhadap tingkat pelepasan buah dari tandan, dan berpengaruh nyata terhadapindeks memar buah selama pengangkutan.Kata kunci: Pengangkutan, restan, pembrondolan, indeks memar, TBS kelapa sawit

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