scholarly journals Assessment of stress resistance of wheat varieties based on the cluster analysis of biopotential parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 848 (1) ◽  
pp. 012183
Author(s):  
G V Seroklinov ◽  
A V Gunko
Author(s):  
Cassandria Tay Fernandez ◽  
Jacob Marsh ◽  
Mônica Furaste Danilevicz ◽  
Clémentine Mercé ◽  
David Edwards

Abstract This chapter discusses the application of pangenomics for molecular breeding of wheat. Pangenomes can be used by both researchers and breeders alike to develop elite wheat cultivars through the discovery and integration of genetic variations associated with agronomically beneficial traits. By providing a reference that accommodates for variation in individuals, variants whose presence and/or absence control abiotic stress resistance and yield can be identified. This tool has only become more informative as more wheat varieties are sequenced, new sequencing approaches such as long-read sequencing and genome mapping are utilized, and tools for pangenomic analysis are developed. With pangenomics, variable genes from wild wheat relatives and related species can be used to optimize wheat molecular breeding and develop improved varieties tailored for the changing global environment.


2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijaz Ahmad ◽  
Faqir Muhammad Anjum ◽  
Masood Sadiq Butt ◽  
Shahzad Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Issa Khan

Author(s):  
В. М. Тищенко ◽  
О. В. Гусенкова ◽  
М. В. Дубенець ◽  
А. В. Колісник

Викладено результати чотирьохрічних досліджень (2013–2016 рр.) із визначення збалансованості кількісних ознак сортів та селекційних ліній пшениці озимої за строками сівби при використанні кластерного аналізу. В досліді використовували 2 строки сівби: ранній (1 вересня, СП-1) і пізній (1 жовтня, СП-3). Головною метою при аналізі кращих груп і кластерів був пошук сортів і селекційних ліній (СЛ) пшениці озимої, які в статистичному аналізі мали високі показники двох складових врожаю – кількість зерен в колосі (КЗ) та маса зерна з колосу (М1). Також було досліджено як в кращих групах і на дендрограмах виділялись сорти і генотипи, які були кращими як в першому, так і в третьому строкові сівби не лише за КЗ і М1, а й за іншими господарськи цінним ознакам і  за врожайністю. У результаті кластерного аналізу були сформовані групи сортів та селекційних ліній пшениці озимої, в яких міститься інформація про рівень формування ознак за ранніх та пізніх строків сівби. Нами були виділені генотипи пшениці озимої, як носії високого рівня кількісних ознак, особливо ознак потенціалу врожайності за ранніх та пізніх строків сівби, які можна використовувати як перспективний селекційний матеріал. Перевага кластерного аналізу по відношенню до статистичного аналізу полягає в тому, що кластерний аналіз дає змогу ідентифікувати сорти і селекційні лінії по збалансованості за господарськи корисними ознаками, а в статистичному аналізі ми можемо відібрати і виділити  тільки  окремі кількісні ознаки по їх рівню формування і мінливості і за врожайністю. The article presents the results of four-year studies (2013–2016) on the determination of the balance of quantitative characteristics of varieties and selection lines of winter wheat by the use of cluster analysis. The experiment used 2 sowing lines: early (1 September, SP-1) and late (October 1, SP-3). The main goal, when analyzing the best groups and clusters, was the search for winter wheat varieties and breeding lines (SL), which in the statistical analysis had high indicators of two components of the harvest – the number of grains in the ear (KZ) and the mass of grain from the ear (M1). Also we investigate how in the best groups and on dendrograms varieties and genotypes were distinguished, which were better both in the first and in the third term sowing, not only in terms of the number of grains in the ear and the mass of grain from the ear, but also on other economic and valuable features and by yield. It should be noted that the study of varieties, or SL by the terms of sowing, gives unique opportunities to evaluate the material under study in terms of the formation of quantitative characteristics. We can form groups of varieties or SLs, where we will have information about the level of formation of signs at early, optimal, or late sowing. We can also distinguish genotypes as carriers of a high level of quantitative attributes, especially signs of yield potential in the early or late sowing, as the usual statistical analysis does not provide information on the balance of signs in one or another variety of winter wheat. We believe that cluster analysis makes it possible to identify varieties using the Euclidean metric in terms of the balance of quantitative attributes. Based on the research carried out on the use of cluster analysis in the technology of breeding process for 2013–2016, selected varieties and constant selection lines are balanced by economically useful features that can be used as a promising breeding material and as parent components for hybridization. The advantage of cluster analysis with respect to statistical analysis is that cluster analysis enables identification of varieties and breeding lines on a balance basis for economically useful features, and in the statistical analysis we can select and allocate only certain quantitative attributes according to their level of formation and variability and by yield.


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
Kazi A. Kader ◽  
Robert M. Hunger ◽  
Mark E. Payton

Prevalence of tan spot of wheat caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has become more prevalent in Oklahoma as no-till cultivation in wheat has increased. Hence, developing wheat varieties resistant to tan spot has been emphasized, and selecting pathogen isolates to screen for resistance to this disease is critical. Twelve isolates of P. tritici-repentis were used to inoculate 11 wheat cultivars in a greenhouse study in splitplot experiments. Virulence of isolates and cultivar resistance were measured in percent leaf area infection for all possible isolate x cultivar interactions. Isolates differed significantly (P < 0.01) in virulence on wheat cultivars, and cultivars differed significantly in disease reaction to isolates. Increased virulence of isolates detected increased variability in cultivar response (percent leaf area infection) (r = 0.56, P < 0.05) while increased susceptibility in cultivars detected increased variance in virulence of the isolates (r = 0.76, P < 0.01). A significant isolate × cultivar interaction indicated specificity between isolates and cultivars, however, cluster analysis indicated low to moderate physiological specialization. Similarity in wheat cultivars in response to pathogen isolates also was determined by cluster analysis. The use of diverse isolates of the fungus would facilitate evaluation of resistance in wheat cultivars to tan spot.


2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 3361-3368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-ichi Lee ◽  
Nigel P. French ◽  
Geoff Jones ◽  
Yukiko Hara-Kudo ◽  
Sunao Iyoda ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTTo evaluate the relationship between bacterial genotypes and stress resistance patterns, we exposed 57 strains of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) O157 to acid, freeze-thaw, heat, osmotic, oxidative, and starvation stresses. Inactivation rates were calculated in each assay and subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Thestxgenotype was determined for each strain as was the lineage-specific polymorphism assay (LSPA6) genotype. In univariate analyses, strains of thestx1stx2genotype showed greater resistance to heat than strains of thestx1stx2cgenotype; moreover, strains of thestx1stx2genotype showed greater resistance to starvation than strains of thestx2orstx2cgenotypes. LSPA6 lineage I (LI) strains showed greater resistance to heat and starvation than LSPA6 lineage II (LII) strains. PCA revealed a general trend that a strain with greater resistance to one type of stress tended to have greater resistance to other types of stresses. In cluster analysis, STEC O157 strains were grouped into stress-resistant, stress-sensitive, and intermediate clusters. Instxgenotypes, all strains of thestx1stx2genotype were grouped with the stress-resistant cluster, whereas 72.7% (8/11) of strains of thestx1stx2cgenotype grouped with the stress-sensitive cluster. In LI strains, 77.8% (14/18) of the strains were grouped with the stress-resistant cluster, whereas 64.7% (11/17) of LII strains were grouped with the stress-sensitive cluster. These results indicate that the genotypes of STEC O157 that are frequently associated with human illness, i.e., LI or thestx1stx2genotype, have greater multiple stress resistance than do strains of other genotypes.


2018 ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Rybas ◽  
D. M. Marchenko ◽  
E. I. Nekrasov ◽  
M. M. Ivanisov ◽  
T. A. Grichanikova ◽  
...  

During the years of study (2015–2017) there were considered and studied parameters of adaptability of winter soft wheat varieties sown after maize. As a result, the productivity of winter wheat ranged from 77.6 hwt/ha (the variety ‘Polina’) to 83.9 hwt/ha (the variety ‘Kaprizulya’). At a most the productivity varied through the years from 52.5 hwt/ha (the variety ‘Kapitan’) in 2016 to 108.2 hwt/ha (the variety ‘Kaprizulya’) in 2017. The main feature of breeding on adaptability is to control ecological plasticity and stability of the varieties in the breeding process. The varieties ‘Krasa Dona’ and ‘Kaprizulya’ having 1.0 regressive coefficient are considered to be ecologically adaptable. The varieties ‘Lidiya’, ‘Kapitan’, ‘Lilit’ and ‘Volnitsa’ having > 1.0 regressive coefficient are considered to be highly responsive. The varieties ‘Lilit’ and ‘Volny Don’ are characterized with stable genotype (σd2 tends to zero). The varieties ‘Polina’ and ‘Volny Don’ belong to the group of varieties with high indexes of homeostatism, breeding value and low coefficients of variations. The varieties ‘Polina’ and ‘Volny Don’ demonstrate high indexes of stress resistance with the lowest negative values of differences among minimum and maximum indexes of the trait. The varieties ‘Kaprizulya’, ‘Lilit’, ‘Krasa Dona’ and ‘Volny Don’ are found genetically flexible genotypes, as they possess high correspondence degree between the genotype and the environment. According to the parameters of adaptability there have been identified the varieties ‘Polina’ and ‘Volny Don’ with stability, breeding value, stress resistance and high productivity.


Author(s):  
R.V. Kryvoruchenko ◽  
V.O. Hoptsii

The analysis of the relationship between anatomical and morphological features of soft winter wheat, their relationship with plant productivity help to determine the directions of the selection work. To determine the nature of the dependence, a collection of the varieties and selection lines of soft winter wheat has been studied, which included 49 samples of different ecological, geographical and genetic origin. The cluster and factor analysis of the samples has been performed, which allowed to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the set of the studied features. By placing the varieties in the space of the two main factors of the structural and functional organization of the morphoanatomical features of productivity, we can get a clear idea of the differentiation of samples by two main systems - ear productivity and photosynthetic and conductive systems. According to the results of the cluster analysis, five groups of soft winter wheat varieties have been identified according to the complex of plant productivity elements. Each of these clusters is a separate morphobiological type and is characterized by the specific level of development of the individual elements of productivity. Key words: soft winter wheat, anatomical structure of stem, factor analysis, cluster analysis, donor and acceptor system.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document