scholarly journals Summer Mixed Seeding For Green Fodder As A Preceder For Winter And Spring Grain Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
N I Buyankin ◽  
A G Krasnoperov
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Available Nutrients ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Abstract Mixed summer crops are used to obtain green forage in the late autumn period and are very effective precursors for winter and spring crops. The use of summer crops as a precursor for winter and spring crops saturated with legumes, which, thanks to a well-developed, deeply penetrating root system, raise available nutrients into the arable horizon, structure the soil and leave biological nitrogen for forage after harvesting, using nitrifying bacteria in the rhizosphere.

scholarly journals Plankton community of the lower course of the Kama River in the late autumn period

2021 ◽  
Vol 818 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
S V Bykova ◽  
M V Umanskaya ◽  
N G Tarasova ◽  
E S Krasnova ◽  
O V Mukhortova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plankton Community ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Late Autumn

scholarly journals Virio- and bacterioplankton of the Barents Sea in the autumn

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-2021) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
M.P. Venger ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Cell Volumes

In the autumn period 2011, 2015 in the waters of the Barents Sea, the communities of viruses and bacteria were studied, their quantitative composition was determined, and the nature of their distribution was studied. It was shown that the distribution of both virio- and bacterioplankton had pronounced zoning presumably due to increased concentrations of organic matter in more productive coastal and Atlantic waters compared to the Arctic. In September 2011, the number of viruses varied from 0.6 to 46.7 million particles/ml, exceeding the abundance of bacteria by 5 times an average. The quantity of bacterioplankton varied within 0.3–2.9 million cells/ml, biomass – 4.1–35.1 mg C/m3, with a range of mean cell volumes of 0.030–0.115 μm3. In November–December 2015, the abundance of viruses was 0.3–6.4 million particles/ml and quantitatively exceeded their bacterial hosts by 18 times an average. The quantity and biomass of bacteria varied within 0.02–0.3 million cells/ml and 0.3–2.7 mg C/m3, with a range of mean cell volumes of 0.013–0.068 μm3. It was found that the level of development of virio- and bacterioplankton significantly decreased by the late autumn period.

Biological Nitrogen Removal under Low Temperature in a Membrane Separation Bioreactor

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chiemchaisri ◽  
K. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Temperature Decrease ◽  
Operational Cycle ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Biological nitrogen removal under low temperature in a membrane separation bioreactor for on-site domestic wastewater treatment was studied. The bioreactor was operated under intermittent aeration of a 180-minute operational cycle to achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification for nitrogen removal. During stepwise temperature decrease from 25°C to 5°C at every two weeks duration, nitrogen removal started to deteriorate as temperature dropped to 10°C. It decreased from more than 90% at 25°C to 20% at 5°C as a result of inhibition of nitrification at low temperature. However, increasing oxygen supply, i.e. increasing aeration time in operational cycle, could completely recover nitrification at 10°C. Nitrogen removal could be achieved by introducing non-aeration period after complete nitrification was obtained. Average nitrogen removal was 90 and 85% under 10 and 5°C respectively. The results indicated that sufficient oxygen transfer could be maintained in the membrane separation bioreactor even if the temperature was as low as 5°C. Analysis of respiratory quinone component of sludge suggested the decrease of strict aerobic bacteria percentage in mixed liquor during temperature decrease and increase of their percentage during the recovery of nitrification at 10°C. These changes could be related to the nitrification through the changes of oxygen transfer condition in the system. Insignificant difference of maximum volumetric nitrification rate obtained at 25 and 5°C probably suggests that there was not much difference in oxygen availability for nitrifying bacteria between both the temperatures once high and stable nitrogen removal was achieved.

scholarly journals Biological nitrogen in increasing the productivity of beans (grains)

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Chynchyk ◽  
Svitlana Olifirovych ◽  
Volodymyr Olifirovych ◽  
Kateryna Nebaba
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Root System ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
State Register ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Common ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

The results of a field experiment to study the effect of seed treatment with the biological product Rhizoactive (сompany BioNorma, Ukraine) on the formation and functioning of the symbiotic apparatus of common bean (grain) plants are presented. The experiment examined six varieties of common beans (grain), included in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine: Bukovynka, Halaktyka, Slaviia, Ros, Otrada, Nata. The influence of bacterial fertilizer based on nodule bacteria " Rhizoactive " on the indicators of symbiotic and grain productivity of these varieties of common beans was studied. It was found, that the maximum number and raw weight of active nodules in the studied varieties of common beans were formed in the flowering phase. A larger number of nodules, compared to the variety Bukovynka (control), was formed on the root system of bean varieties Ros, Otrada and Nata. The maximum raw weight of rhizobia in the plots without the use of Rhizoactive was formed by the common bean variety Otrada – 0.297 g/plant of active nodules. Inoculation of the seeds of the studied common bean varieties with Rhizoactive increased the raw weight of active nodules in the flowering phase by 0.016–0.042 g/plant. A larger mass of nodules, compared to the Bukovynka variety, was formed on the root system of Ros, Otrada and Nata beans. The maximum raw weight of rhizobia in areas without the use of Rhizoactive was formed by the variety of beans Otrada – 0.297 g/plant of active nodules. Inoculation of seeds of the studied varieties of beans with Rhizoactive increased the raw weight of active nodules in the flowering phase by 0.016–0.042 g/plant. The highest increase in grain yield from seed inoculation was obtained in 2018, which was more favorable in terms of moisture. Thus, the largest increase in grain yield from the use of Rhizoactive was provided by the varieties Halaktyka (0.14 t/ha or 5.7 %), Ros (0.15 t/ha or 5.5 %) and Otrada (0.22 t/ha or 7.7 %). On average, in 2018–2020, inoculation of bean seeds with Rhizoactive, depending on the variety, provided an increase in grain yield from 2.4 to 6.7 %. And the highest level of bean grain yield on average in 2018–2020 was provided by the varieties Otrada (2.60 t/ha), Nata (2.50 t/ha) and Ros (2.40 t/ha) for inoculation of seeds with Rhizoactive

scholarly journals Study on the diversity of denitrification bacteria treating with wastewater by using PPGC filler on SBMBBR at low temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Jinxiang Fu ◽  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Jinghai Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Aiming at the problem of the low removal efficiency of biological nitrogen-removing of low temperature waste-water, using Polyurethane Porous Gel Carrier (PPGC)-SBMBBR treated low temperature sewage, in compared with conventional SBR,and viaing Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology in analysis of the differences of microbial diversity and abundance of structure on the two reactors of activated sludge, revealed dominant nitrogen-removing bacterium improving the treatment efficiency of low temperature sewage. The results shows that the removal efficiency of the effluent nitrogen and the sludge sedimentation rate of (PPGC)-SBMBBR reactor are significantly improved under the water temperature (6.5±1℃). Adding the filler can contribute to improvement of bacterial diversity and relative abundance of nitrification and denitrification bacterium in the activated sludge system. The main relative abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB),nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB),anaerobic denitrifying bacteria, and aerobic denitrifying bacteria in (PPGC)-SBMBBR(R2) are significantly better than SBR (R1),and the R2 reactor can independently enrich the nitrifying bacteria and the aerobic denitrifying bacteria, such as Nitrospira, Hydrogens, Pseudomonas, and Zoogloea. The total relative abundance of dominant and nitrifying denitrifying bacterium increases from 28.65% of R1 to 60.23% of R2, providing a microbiological reference for improving the efficiency of biological nitrogen removal in low temperature waste-water.

A Study of Nitrification Utilizing Whole Microorganisms Immobilized by the PVA-Freezing Method

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Asano ◽  
H. Myoga ◽  
M. Asano ◽  
M. Toyao
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Freezing Method ◽  
Immobilized Microorganisms ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Removal System

The particular characteristics of nitrifying bacteria are that they have a reduced tendency to flocculate, a lower specific growth rate and a higher specific nitrification rate. Accordingly, we used whole microorganisms immobilized by the PVA-freezing method (in order to prevent microorganism wash-out) to investigate the characteristics and efficiency of their nitrification. The following results were obtained.By comparsion with suspended microorganisms, the nitrification rate of immobilized microorganisms was not as affected by temperature and their storage stability was better.The nitrification efficiency of a recycling operation in a biological nitrogen removal system was compared with that of a once-through operation, using immobilized microorganisms. The results showed that the ratio of allowable volumetric loading in the recycling operation was 60% of that in the once-through operation.

scholarly journals Strategies for recovering inhibition caused by phenolic compounds in a short-cut nitrogen removal reactor treating coal gasification wastewater

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Hongjun Han ◽  
Fang Fang ◽  
Haifeng Zhuang ◽  
Dexin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Quick Recovery ◽  
Coal Gasification Wastewater ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Different strategies, including extension of hydraulic retention time (HRT), dilution, and addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) and super-powdered activated carbon (S-PAC), were investigated for the quick recovery of nitrifying bacteria activity from the inhibition of coal gasification wastewater (CGW). A laboratory-scale short-cut biological nitrogen removal (SBNR) reactor treating CGW, achieving high levels (90%) of nitrogen removal, was used. After a shock of phenolic compounds (around 250 mg/L) and a failed performance, the results of the batch recovery tests indicated that the PAC and S-PAC addition were the best recovery strategies. In the SBNR reactor, the addition of 1 g/L PAC and S-PAC shortened the recovery time from the natural recovery of 32 days to 13 days and 10 days, respectively. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay and the adsorption isotherms revealed that activated carbons absorbed phenolic compounds, reducing the toxicity and allowing for the quick recovery of SBNRs treating CGW. S-PAC showed greater adsorption capacity for phenol than PAC.

scholarly journals Root architecture characterization in relation to biomass allocation and biological nitrogen fixation in a collection of European soybean genotypes

OCL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Corentin Maslard ◽  
Mustapha Arkoun ◽  
Christophe Salon ◽  
Marion Prudent
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Root System ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] is the legume with the largest cultivated area worldwide and its yield depends largely on symbiotic nitrogen fixation and root architecture. This study aimed to explore the genetic variability of root architectural traits and di-nitrogen fixing activity in a small collection of nine European cultivars belonging to the same maturity group during their early stages. New image analysis approaches were implemented to characterise root architecture at high throughput. Significant genetic variability was identified for the width of the root system, root density, and for nitrogen fixation. This study allowed us to highlight trade-offs among root and nodule traits, and structural and functional traits. Finally, both the image analysis approach and the results could be used for breeding programs of soybean, that could take into account the root system architecture, when the plant interacts in symbiosis with N2-fixing bacteria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document