scholarly journals Parameters of the optimal plant density of winter rape for successful overwintering in the Non-Chernozem zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
V T Volovik ◽  
S E Sergeeva ◽  
T V Prologova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Point Form

Abstract To obtain high yields of winter rapeseed seeds in the Non-Chernozem zone, it is necessary to provide conditions for good wintering. The studies were carried out in order to establish the optimal plant density of the zoned variety Severyanin. It was found that when sowing in rows with a row spacing of 25 cm, winter rape plants develop better, form a rosette of leaves with a lower location of the growing point, form a smaller amount of aboveground mass per unit of roots, which increases the safety of plants in winter by 2.5-4.3%. period under extreme conditions. The study of the dynamics of the plant density of winter rapeseed at different seeding rates showed that during the growing season, self-thinning of cenosis occurs. On average, over the years of research, plants overwintered better in variants with a lower stand density. With an increase in the seeding rate, the completeness of seedlings, the safety of plants in the autumn period, overwintering and the safety of plants in the year of harvesting for seeds decreased. The most optimal conditions for the preservation of plants for harvesting are provided at low seeding rates: with a row sowing with a row spacing of 25 cm with a seeding rate of 0.7-1.0 million pieces / ha, with an inter-row sowing (row spacing of 25 cm) - 0.5 million pcs / ha of germinating seeds: With the over-row sowing, the safety of plants for harvesting was higher than with the row method by 9-25%.

EFFECT OF ROW SPACING AND SEEDING RATES ON SUMMER RAPE IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. MORRISON ◽  
P. B. E. McVETTY ◽  
R. SCARTH
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Lower Plant

To determine the effects of varying plant densities on summer rape (Brassica napus L.), the cultivar Westar was seeded in 15- and 30-cm row spacings at seeding rates of 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 kg ha−1. Plants seeded in 15-cm rows yielded more per area, produced more pods per plant and lodged less than those in 30-cm rows. Higher yields were associated with a more even plant distribution and a lower degree of intra-row competition. There were no significant protein, oil and chlorophyll concentration differences between the row spacing treatments. The highest yields (kg ha−1) were achieved with the 1.5 and 3.0 kg ha−1 seeding rates. Summer rape compensated for lower plant densities with the production of more branch racemes. As seeding rate increased, competitive mortality increased, resulting in greater etiolation at bolting, and greater lodging at harvest. Seed oil and protein concentrations were not affected by seeding rate. However, seed chlorophyll concentration decreased with increased seeding rate.Key words: Brassica napus, plant density, seed quality, rape (summer)

scholarly journals Plant Density Effects on Single-head Broccoli Production

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis W. Jett ◽  
Ronald D. Morse ◽  
Charles R. O'Dell
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Exclusive Production ◽  
Plant Damage ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
High Yields

There is a strong consumer demand for single-head broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) that yields more florets per unit weight than bunching broccoli. Two spatial arrangements (single vs. twin row) and five plant densities (10.8, 7.2, 5.4, 4.3, and 3.6 plants/m2) were examined for single-head broccoli production. Spatial arrangement had no significant effect on any measured attribute, although the twin-row arrangement resulted in less plant damage with each harvest. For exclusive production of quality, single-head broccoli with high yields of marketable florets, 3.6 plants/m2 (46-cm within-row spacing) should be used.

scholarly journals PLANT DENSITY AND FIELD GERMINATION OF WINTER TRITICALE DEPENDING ON VARIETY AND NORMAL SEEDING SEEDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Леонид Шашкаров ◽  
Leonid Shashkarov ◽  
Светлана Толстова ◽  
Svetlana Tolstova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Plant Stand

The article deals with the issues of plant density and field germination of winter triticale on gray forest soils of the southeastern part of the Volga-Vyatka zone depending on the variety and seeding rates. The question of establishing the optimum density of sowing, the area of food for grain crops served as the object of study by many researchers. The urgency of the issue of creating optimal sowing density is explained by the fact that the factors that determine the magnitude of the yield are constantly changing. The plant stand density and field germination of winter triticale are significantly influenced by the weather conditions formed during the growing season of winter triticale plants. With an increase in seeding rates, the plant stand density and seeding rate increases, respectively, is important for the formation of a given density of productive stalks. In production, these elements of technology are often underestimated and often unjustifiably overestimate the seeding rate, which is absolutely unnecessary, since the really possible yield is achieved at an optimal seeding rate with minimal seed consumption. The winter triticale seeding rates, both in Russia and in the world as a whole varies from 2 to 8 million viable seeds per hectare. The urgency of the issue of creating optimal sowing density is explained by the fact that the factors that determine the magnitude of the yield are constantly changing. Until now, there is no consensus on the dependence of planting density on the degree of fertility. Some researchers believe that nutrient-rich soil requires less seed for maximum yield. Under these conditions, the plants develop better, they bush more, the maximum yield can be obtained with a lower seeding rate. The opposite opinion that it is necessary to sow thicker on rich soils has become widespread, especially in recent years. Advocates of the bottom conclusion explain their point of view by the fact that fertile soil has a greater supply of food and moisture, therefore, more plants can be grown on the same area, which means that the seeding rate should be increased [1,2.3,4.5,6,7]. Research results indicate that winter triticale with increasing seeding rates increases plant density and field germination of winter triticale plants.

scholarly journals Stand density effects on birdsfoot trefoil herbage yield grown for combined usage

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1523-1530
Author(s):  
S. Petrovic ◽  
S. Vuckovic ◽  
A. Simic
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
The Third ◽  
Density Effects ◽  
Herbage Yield

Birdsfoot trefoil grown for seed (cv. Bokor) was examined in agroecological conditions of Western Serbia during period 2007-2009. The goal was to determine herbage yield which could be achieved growing seed crop, using different interrow spacing (12.5, 25 and 50 cm) and various seeding rates (2, 4 and 8 kg ha-1). The highest hay yield was obtained in the third production year at the narrowest spacing and using the highest seeding rate (5.26 t ha-1). Total hay production during 3 years using birdsfoot trefoil seed crop for herbage yield ranged from 9.11 to 14.83 t ha-1 depending on row spacing and from 10.74 to 13.2 t ha-1 depending on seeding rate. The highest stand density (8 kg ha-1 seeding rate and 12.5 cm interrow spacing) produced the highest herbage yield of birdsfoot trefoil in the combined usage (for forage and seed production).

scholarly journals Response of winter rape (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera Metzg., Sinsk) to foliar fertilization and different seeding rates

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezary A. Kwiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Foliar Fertilization

A field experiment in growing winter rape was carried out during the period 2009-2011 in a family farm (owned by Mr. M. Bednarczyk) located in Jaroszewice (Lublin region), on podzolic soil. Plant biometric features as well as yield and seed qualitative parameters (oil, protein and glucosinolate content) were evaluated depending on the following rates of soil NPK fertilizers and on foliar fertilization (autumn spraying with the fertilizer solution): 100% and 75% of NPK as well as urea + nickel chelate + MgSO4H2O; 100% and 75% of NPK as well as urea + Plonvit R + MgSO<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O). Plots without foliar fertilization (only 100% of NPK) were the control treatment. The other experimental factor was the seeding rate (2.5 kg×ha<sup>-1</sup> – 30 cm row spacing; 4 kg×ha<sup>-1</sup> – 18 cm row spacing). Foliar spraying was done once in the autumn in the second decade of October. Tillage as well as mechanical and chemical control of agricultural pests in the plantation were typical for this plant species and consistent with the recommendations for winter rape protection. A hypothesis was made that the application of foliar fertilizers would have a beneficial effect on winter rape productivity, at the same time maintaining the high quality of raw material. It was also assumed that a reduction in the seeding rate of winter oilseed rape would result in reduced plant lodging and an increased number of siliques per plant; as a consequence, seed and oil productivity would be at a level not lower than that obtained at the higher seeding rate. The present study has proved that foliar fertilization of winter oilseed rape in the autumn period contributes to improved plant winter hardiness and increased productivity. The application of foliar fertilizers also enables the rates of basic mineral NPK fertilizers to be reduced by 25% without detriment to seed yield. Foliar fertilizers have been found to have a weaker effect on changing the chemical composition of rapeseed. The study has shown that, from the productive point of view, it is justified to use the lower seeding rate (2.5 kg×ha<sup>-1</sup>), since winter rape yield (seed and oil yield) did not significantly differ from that found in the case of the higher seeding rate (4.0 kg×ha<sup>-1</sup>).

scholarly journals Effect of seed rate and row spacing on grain yield of sorghum

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
MR Gondal ◽  
A Hussain ◽  
S Yasin ◽  
M Musa ◽  
HS Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment to investigate the effect of seed rate (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 kg ha-1) and row spacing (30, 45 and 60cm) on agronomic characteristics of plants including stem densitym-2, plant height, stem diameter, number of heads m-2, number of heads per plant, number of grains per head, 1000-grain weight and grain yield was conducted using the cultivar “Sorghum 2011” for two years 2016 and 2017. Seed rates and row spacing had significant effect on plant height, plant density m-2, number of heads m-2, number of grains per head and grain yield. Row spacing had non-significant effect on stem diameter, number of heads per plant and 1000-grain weight. Row spacing at 30 cm produced the highest number of plants m-2 and plant height. Plant height increased with increase in seed rate in all the row spacing. Stem diameter decreased with increase in the seed rate and row spacing. Narrow row spacing (30 cm) and low seeding rate (5 kg ha-1) produced the maximum grain yield consistently during both years. Lower yields were recorded in the treatments having greater row spacing (60 cm) and higher seed rates (7.5, 10, 12.5 & 15 kg ha-1). Higher seed rates and wider row spacing induced morphological changes rendering plants to lodging.SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 81-91 (2017)

EFFECT OF DATE AND RATE OF SEEDING, ROW SPACING AND FERTILIZATION ON LENTIL

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. ALI-KHAN ◽  
F. A. KIEHN
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
High Yields

The effect of seeding date, seeding rate, row spacing and fertilizer level were investigated in two cultivars of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), Eston and Laird, in Manitoba. High yields were obtained by early seeding, narrow row spacing (15 cm) and high seeding rate (100 plants m−2). Response to fertilizer levels was variable. Early seedings produced larger seeds. Effects of other treatments on seed size were not significant.Key words: Lentil, seeding date, seeding rate, plant population, fertilizer level

Seeding rate and row spacing effect on weed competition, yield and quality of hemp in the Parkland region of Saskatchewan

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Vera ◽  
S. M. Woods ◽  
J. P. Raney
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Silty Loam

Field experiments were conducted on a Black Chernozem silty loam soil at Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada, from 2000 to 2002, to determine the effect of seeding rate and row spacing on weed competition, as well as on seed, shoot biomass production and seed q uality attributes of industrial hemp ( Cannabis sativa L. ‘Fasamo’ and ‘Finola’). Increasing seeding rate from 20 to 60 or 80 kg ha-1decreased weed density in all years (average of 33%) and reduced weed size (34%) in 2000. It also increased hemp plant density, biomass and seed yield (average of 174, 23 and 34%, respectively). Seed weight and protein were not affected by seeding rates, but seed oil content increased 1% in one year, when seeding rate increased from 20 to 60 kg ha-1. Row spacing (18 and 36 cm) had little or no definite effect on most of the parameters studied. Key words: Biomass, cultivar, hemp, protein content, oil content, organic farming, row spacing, seeding rate, weed competition

COMBINAÇÃO DE ESPAÇAMENTO ENTRELINHAS E DENSIDADE POPULACIONAL NO AUMENTO DA PRODUTIVIDADE EM MILHO

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
RAFAEL BOIAGO ◽  
RENATO GARCIA ◽  
ADILSON RICKEN SCHUELTER ◽  
RAFAEL BARRETO ◽  
GLACY JAQUELINE DA SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Main Effects

RESUMO - Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do arranjo espacial e da densidade de semeadura na produtividade de cinco híbridos de milho, em dois locais no cultivo de verão. Foram utilizados espaçamentos de 80 cm e de 45 cm entrelinhas, e densidades de semeadura de 42.000, 52.000, 62.000 e 85.000 plantas ha-1. As avaliações foram conduzidas em Cascavel-PR e em Rio Verde-GO. Foram observados efeitos significativos para os fatores principais (híbrido, espaçamento entrelinhas e densidade), mas não foram observadas interações entre os fatores, com exceção da interação densidade x híbrido em Rio Verde. Houve maior efeito do espaçamento entrelinhas do que da densidade populacional na produtividade de todos os híbridos. No espaçamento de 45 cm entrelinhas, os híbridos produziram, em média, 36% a mais do que no espaçamento de 80 cm, nos dois locais avaliados. Houve aumento de produtividade com aumento da densidade de semeadura até 75 mil plantas ha-1 em Cascavel, e até 85 mil plantas ha-1 em Rio Verde. Palavras-chave: Zea mays, arranjo espacial de plantas, sistemas de cultivo. COMBINING ROW SPACING AND POPULATION DENSITY IN INCREASING MAIZE YIELD  ABSTRACT - This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spatial arrangement and plant density from five corn hybrids at two locations in the summer season. Row spacing used were 80 cm and 45 cm between rows and plant densities were 42,000, 52,000, 62,000 and 85,000 plants ha-1. The evaluations were conducted in Cascavel, State of Paraná, and Rio Verde, State of Goiás, Brazil. Significant effects were observed for the main effects (hybrid, row spacing and density), but there were no interactions between the main effects, with the exception of the interaction between density x hybrid in Rio Verde. There was a greater effect of row spacing than the population density on yield of all hybrids. With the row spacing at 45 cm the hybrids yielded, on average, 36% more than at a spacing of 80 cm, in the two locations. There was a trend for increased productivity with increased seeding rate up to 75,000 plants ha-1 in Cascavel, and up to 85,000 plants ha-1 in Rio Verde. Keywords: Zea mays, spatial arrangements, cultivation systems.

Response of herbicide-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars to four row spacings and three seeding rates in a no-till production system

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1229-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Kutcher ◽  
T. K. Turkington ◽  
G. W. Clayton ◽  
K. N. Harker
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Production System ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Tolerant

Kutcher, H. R., Turkington, T. K., Clayton, G. W. and Harker, K. N. 2013. Response of herbicide-tolerant canola ( Brassica napus L.) cultivars to four row spacings and three seeding rates in a no-till production system. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1229–1236. Appropriate management practices are important to reduce input costs and to optimize yield and crop quality. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum row spacing (23, 31, 46 and 61 cm) and seeding rate (3.2, 6.4 and 9.6 kg ha−1, or 87, 173 and 260 seeds planted m−2) for two herbicide-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars (an open-pollinated and a hybrid) under a no-till production system. Plant density and yield varied with row spacing, with the effect being linear in both cases. Plant density decreased with wider row spacing, from 112 plants m−2 at the 23-cm row spacing to 83 plants m−2 at the 61-cm row spacing. Yield decreased with wider row spacing, from 2397 kg ha−1 at the 23-cm row spacing to 2138 kg ha−1 at the 61-cm row spacing. Results from this study indicate that herbicide-tolerant cultivars of canola grown in no-till production systems under conditions of adequate soil fertility, effective weed management, minimal disease pressure, and good flea beetle control, produced the highest plant densities and yields at row spacing of 24–31 cm, that seeding rates in the range of 3.2–9.6 kg ha−1 had no effects on yield, and that a hybrid cultivar performed better than open-pollinated cultivars in terms of plant density, earliness and duration of flowering, and seed size. The study helps to better define the response of plant density and seed yield in herbicide-tolerant canola cultivars to changes in row spacing and seeding rate. In particular, the results of this study suggest that plant density may not be a reliable predictor of canola yield, although row spacing is an important consideration.

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