scholarly journals Constituents of Leachate Generation and Migration in Ministry of Agriculture Forest Nursery Open Dumpsite in Jos Plateau State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 939 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
Terwase Wuave
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Uniform Density ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Jos Plateau ◽  
Leachate Analysis ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
And Migration

Abstract The constituents of leachate generation and migration in ministry of agriculture nursery open dumpsite in Jos Plateau were determined. Leachate extraction from solid waste (SW) was carried out. Test dumpsite soil with different elevations. Elevations were with uniform density. Representative solid waste dumpsite soil sample were collected from one dumpsite. The collected SW soil subjected to column experimental test, results showed physicochemical parameters (pH, TSS,TDS and EC) range of descriptive value in terms of histogram values of 5.66 – 8.23(1.0m to 1.5m depth) pH, 90.65 – 1125.96mg/l (0.5 to 2.0m depth) TSS, 17.78 – 156mg/l (1.5 to 0.5m depth) TDS, 9.02 – 80.01 us/cm and principal component summary analysis. The histogram and principal component summary values increase. Alkalinity has highest concentration, followed by hardness which has least, BOD5 has lower values, followed by COD which has higher value, Cl−increasing, S04 2-, N03 values increases, P04 in waste decreases with increase time and depth. The Na+, increasing K+ second to Na+, increases, Mg2+ and Ca2+ in MSW increases as time and depth proceed. The results of Cu, Fe, Cd and Pb in histogram had moderate to high values. All were examined for physicochemical, alkalinity and hardness, BOD5, COD, anions, cations and heavy metals to study the seasonal variation of significant parameters. The results from the leachate analysis were used as a tool to identify the processes and mechanisms affecting the soil and water chemistry from the study area.

Improved AEB algorithm combined with estimating the adhesion coefficient of road ahead and considering the performance of EHB

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110261
Author(s):  
Dequan Zeng ◽  
Zhuoping Yu ◽  
Lu Xiong ◽  
Junqiao Zhao ◽  
Peizhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Probability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
Adhesion Coefficient ◽  
The Road ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Multiple Beams ◽  
Maximum Method

This paper proposes an improved autonomous emergency braking (AEB) algorithm intended for intelligent vehicle. Featuring a combination with the estimation of road adhesion coefficient, the proposed approach takes into account the performance of electronic hydraulic brake. In order for the accurate yet fast estimate of road ahead adhesion coefficient, the expectation maximization framework is applied depending on the reflectivity of ground extracted by multiple beams lidar in four major steps, which are the rough extraction of ground points based on 3 σ criterion, the accurate extraction of ground points through principal component analysis (PCA), the main distribution characteristics of ground as extracted using the expectation maximum method (EM) and the estimation of road adhesion coefficient via joint probability. In order to describe the performance of EHB, the response characteristics, as well as the forward and adverse models of both braking pressure and acceleration are obtained. Then, with two typical roads including single homogeneous road and fragment pavement, the safe distance of improved AEB is modeled. To validate the algorithm developed in this paper, various tests have been conducted. According to the test results, the reflectivity of laser point cloud is effective in estimating the road adhesion coefficient. Moreover, considering the performance of EHB system, the improved AEB algorithm is deemed more consistent with the practicalities.

scholarly journals Effets Des Technologies Membranaires Sur Les Caracteristiques Physicochimiques Des Extraits De Fruits De La Passion (Passiflora Edulis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Casimir Anauma Koko ◽  
Benjamin Kan Kouamé ◽  
Massé Diomandé ◽  
Christiane Eunice Adjoua Boko ◽  
Félix Adjé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Membrane Technologies ◽  
Brix Degree

The passion fruit or grenadilla is usually consumed in the form of juice and its pleasant intensive aroma and flavor make it an attractive element for the food industry. The objective of the present work is to determine the effects of membrane technologies such as tangential microfiltration and reverse osmosis on the physicochemical characteristics of passion fruit extracts. The characteristics of the various extracts were determined according to conventional methods. In addition, statistical methods were applied to the data collected in order to determine the effects of membrane technologies. The results showed a yield of 89.33% for the extraction of the microfiltered juice and a volume reduction factor of 16.75 for the concentrate. In addition, the microfiltration-concentration process significantly (p <0.05) influenced the physicochemical parameters of the extracts produced. Thus, tangential microfiltration made it possible to clarify the crude extract by changing from a turbidity of 89.23 ± 1.71 to 0.72 ± 0.02 NTU. It has also resulted in a significant decrease in pH and flavonoids contents. Principal component analysis confirmed the existence of differences between the extracts produced despite the various correlations between their characteristics. It revealed that the JB and CMFT extracts are characterized by their high pH and low density. On the other hand, the COI extract is characterized by its brix degree, viscosity, conductivity and high vitamin C content. In addition, reverse osmosis has the advantage of concentrating the compounds of interest of clarified juice with a concentration factor ranging from 2.15 to 9.39.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis for Evaluating Natural Yellow Coloring Agents from Peel of Local Fruits in Malang: Mangosteen, Honey Pineapple and Red Dragon Fruits

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan ◽  
Marcelinus Alfasisurya Setya Adhiwibawa ◽  
Edi Setiyono ◽  
Muhammad Riza Ghulam Fahmi ◽  
Hendrik Oktendy Lintang
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Yellow Pigments ◽  
Coloring Agents ◽  
Acetone Extracts

In the present work, a comprehensive statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the potential application of peel of local fruits from Malang, i.e. mangosteen, honey pineapple and red dragon fruits for natural yellow coloring agents. The yellow pigments from those fruit peels were extracted through a simple maceration method using distilled water, acetone and ethanol as the solvents. The CIE color space of the extracts was measured to obtain L*, a* and b* values. The obtained data were further analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Duncan Test to determine the most potent natural yellow coloring agent. All the extracts were appeared as mild to strong yellow liquid except for acetone extract for the peel of red dragon fruit extracts. From the CIE color space and PCA analysis, either ethanolic or acetone extracts of mangosteen appears as a strong yellow liquid and they are statistically not different. Interestingly, the MANOVA and Duncan test results are able to distinguish that the ethanolic extract of mangosteens’ peel as the best candidate for natural yellow coloring agents because of its lowest L* and also highest b* variable values.

scholarly journals Determination of DVB-T2 Signal Quality in Nigeria: A Case Study of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
E.E.C. Igbonoba ◽  
O. Omoifo
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Signal Quality ◽  
Television System ◽  
Jos Plateau ◽  
Television Signal ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Plateau State

This study presents the evaluation of digital video broadcasting-terrestrial second generation (DVB-T2) Television signal quality in Jos using Integrated Television Services Limited signal. The delivery of quality Television signal remains problematic in Nigeria due to signal attenuation and degradation between the transmitter and receiver station. This is primarily due to environmental and atmospheric perturbations prevalent along the signal paths. This research aim is to determine the signal quality of DVB-T2 Television system in Jos, Plateau State. The simple field measurement methodology was adopted in measuring field strength and channel power parameters. These measurement parameters were used to calculate for carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) through empirical method. Finally, CNR and SNR were used to determine the signal quality of DVB-T2 signal in Jos. The result of the research shows that DVB-T2 signal in the primary service areas has good and reliable signal apart from the rocky environments.

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