scholarly journals Experimental determination of physico-chemical and disperse characteristics and thermal parameters of sheep tail fat

2021 ◽  
Vol 941 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
I YU Alexanyan ◽  
A H-H Nugmanov ◽  
L M Titova ◽  
N D Aysungurov ◽  
V N Orobinskaya ◽  
...  

Abstract The article discusses the experimental determination of the level of salinity, melting temperature, dispersed composition of crushed sheep tail fat, its moisture content and analysis of the state of moisture in it, and presents the results of these studies. The information obtained is necessary because the approach recommended by the authors contributes to a longer storage of the final product. Systematization of the advantages and disadvantages of the known technologies of smoked sheep tail fat, will allow to compose a rational technological flow of the production of this product and also to determine the rational operating parameters of the implementation of its stages. The information presented in the article on the physicochemical and dispersed characteristics, as well as the thermophysical parameters of sheep tail fat is relevant. At present, researchers have increased their interest in extruded products with a developed structure, obtained on the basis of raw materials of animal origin, as a source of high-quality fats, as well as a basis for therapeutic and prophylactic nutrition products of various technological forms.

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 1041-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seitkhan Azat ◽  
Valodia V. Pavlenko ◽  
Almagul R. Kerimkulova ◽  
Zulkhair A. Mansurov

This article presents the results of the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials: Nanoscale materials obtained by carbonization of waste agricultural products (apricot kernel, walnut, rice husk). The results of physico-chemical characteristics of the obtained nanomaterials.


Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antun Jozinović ◽  
Bojan Šarkanj ◽  
Đurđica Ačkar ◽  
Jelena Panak Balentić ◽  
Domagoj Šubarić ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to develop a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of acrylamide and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in corn snack products enriched with food industry by-products: brewer’s spent grain (BSG), sugar beet pulp (SBP) and apple pomace (AP). Development of the method included the study of different sources for ionization, different mobile phases, different extraction conditions as well as different methods of sample preparation. Finally, the single LC-MS/MS method was developed for the analysis of both analytes in one step with a duration of 20 min using a simple single-step extraction. The method with apparent recoveries of 91.4 and 90.4 for acrylamide and HMF, respectively, was applied for the analysis of non-extruded and extruded samples. The obtained results shown that the acrylamide content was <LOD (limit of detection) for all raw materials and non-extruded mixtures, while HMF increased proportionally to the content of added by-products in the mixtures. After the extrusion process, quantification of the acrylamide could be done in all samples. A higher amount of by-products entails higher contents of acrylamide and HMF, with the most significant effect in AP extrudates, where the highest content of HMF (6069 ± 789 ng/g) and acrylamide (5.37 ± 0.50 ng/g) in samples with 15% AP was observed.


2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Α. Καστρίνάκη ◽  
Α. Τσιραμπίδης ◽  
Κ. Μιχαηλίδης ◽  
Γ. Τρώντσιος

Mudstone formations samples from the Thessaloniki and Chalkidiki prefectures are investigated, in respect to their suitability as raw materials for the ceramic industry. In particular, the investigation concerned the determination of the mineralogical and chemical composition of the studied sample. Quartz and feldspars are the major mineralogical constituents, whereas micas, clay minerals and carbonates were detected in various amounts, follow. The samples are evaluated, concerning their suitability for ceramics production, namely majiolica, cottoforte, gre and bricks, on the basis of their chemical composition and in accordance to Si02-Al203-Fe203t, Si02 (Fe203t+K20+Na20+CaO+MgO)-(AI203+Ti02) and Fe203t-(CaO+MgO)-(K20+Na20) triangular diagrams. The general conclusion is that, most of the studied materials are unsuitable for high quality ceramics products. By contrast, some of them could be tested for the production of bricks and roofing tiles.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Lukinova ◽  
Elena A. Kotenkova ◽  
Ekaterina K. Polischuk

This article highlights the problem of the use of chemical preservatives in the food industry. The prospects of implementation natural substances with an antimicrobial effect for prolonging shelf life and improving the quality of food products are also discussed. Methods for isolating of antimicrobial substances from epithelial and mucous tissues of animal origin are proposed, taking into account the minimization of losses of their biological activity in accordance with the structure of protein-peptide molecules. Based on the results of the determination of antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using flow cytometry, stains Eva Green and PI, the most promising raw materials were determined and the feasibility of using weakly acid extraction followed by trypsinolysis for releasing antimicrobial substances from preprotein molecules and ultrafiltration for purification from high-molecular compounds were investigated.


Author(s):  
О.И. Антонов ◽  
Ю.В. Джикович

Низкая эффективность отечественного лесного хозяйства делает его отсталой отраслью экономики страны. Для исправления этой ситуации необходимо совершенствование лесного законодательства, разработка новой научно обоснованной нормативно-правовой документации, изменение психологии временщиков у хозяйствующих структур, в том числе у арендаторов лесного фонда, и внедрение современных технологий, повышающих качественную продуктивность выращиваемых насаждений. К числу таких технологий относится комплексный уход за лесом, который включает интенсивные рубки ухода, неоднократное внесение минеральных удобрений, а также многоприемную обрезку ветвей у целевых деревьев. Применение данной технологии позволит получать к возрасту рубки крупномерное пиловочное и фанерное сырье, а также различные спецсортименты, в том числе резонансные, с однородной бессучковой древесиной, высокими физико-механическими и акустическими свойствами. Обладая высокой стоимостью, такая древесина будет приносить значительную прибыль при лесовыращивании. Определение трудозатрат при удалении ветвей до высоты 2, 4, 6 м выполнено методом хронометража с выявлением устойчивости хроноряда. Психо- физическое состояние исполнителей не учитывалось. Разработанная технология выращивания высококачественной древесины ели заключается в следующем: производится отбор еловых насаждений искусственного или естественного происхождения Iа–II классов бонитета, первого или второго класса возраста; в них отбираются целевые деревья, удовлетворяющие определенным требованиям, в количестве 600–800 шт./га, которые войдут в состав спелого древостоя. На отобранных деревьях при помощи штангового высотореза производится обрезка ветвей и сучьев до высоты 2, 4 и 6 м с интервалом в 5 лет. Таким образом, к 25–30- летнему возрасту необходимо сформировать шестиметровую бессучковую зону комлевой части ствола. Другим вариантом данного способа является одноприемная обрезка ветвей до высоты 6 м в возрасте 25–30 лет, но итоговый объем высококачественной древесины будет ниже. Проведенными исследованиями установлены общие дополнительные трудозатраты на выполнение работ по обрезке ветвей до 6 м у 600–800 целевых деревьев на 1 га; сделано сравнение стоимости стандартных (1–3 сортов) обрезных и бессучковых, а также резонансных пиломатериалов, которое находится в пределах 146–923%. Установлено, что увеличение затрат рабочего времени на 1 чел./ч приводит к увеличению средней стоимости 1 м3 древесины на 1,6–13,2%. Тем самым подтверждается вывод о том, что своевременная обрезка ветвей значительно повышает капитализацию выращиваемых целевых насаждений. The low efficiency of domestic forestry makes it a backward sector of the country's economy. To remedy this situation, it is necessary to improve forest legislation, develop new evidence-based legal documentation, change the psychology of temporary workers in economic structures, incl. tenants of the forest fund and the introduction of modern technologies that increase the quality of the cultivated plantations. Among these technologies is complex care for the forest, which includes intensive thinning, repeated application of mineral fertilizers, as well as multi-tree pruning of target trees. The use of this technology will make it possible to obtain by the age of felling large-sized sawlog and plywood raw materials, as well as various specialty grades, for example, resonant, with homogeneous branchless wood, which has high physical and mechanical and acoustic properties. Possessing high cost, such wood will bring considerable profit at forest growing. The determination of labor costs for pruning to a height of 2 m, 4 m, 6 m is performed by the timekeeping method with determination of chronological stability. The psycho-physical state of the performers was not taken into account. The developed technology for growing high-quality spruce wood is as follows: selection of spruce stands of artificial or natural origin of Ia–II bonitet classes, first or second class of age; they select target trees that meet certain requirements, in the amount of 600–800 pieces/ha, which will be included in the composition of ripe stand. On selected trees, using a sucker-rod high-cut, the branches are pruned at intervals of 5 years to heights of 2 m, 4 m and 6 m. Thus, by the age of 25–30, it is necessary to form a 6-m branchless zone of the butt end of the trunk. Another variant of this method is single-pruning up to a height of 6 m at the age of 25–30 years, but the total volume of high-quality wood will be lower. The conducted studies established the total additional labor costs for pruning up to 6 m in 600–800 target trees per 1 ha; a comparison is made between the cost of standard edging and knotless, as well as resonant sawn timber, which ranges from 146% to 923%. It has been established that an increase in working time per 1 person/hour leads to an increase in the average cost of 1 m3 of wood by 1,6%–13,2%. Thus, the conclusion is confirmed that the timely pruning significantly increases the capitalization of the cultivated target plantations.


Author(s):  
A.S Akizhayeva ◽  

Many factors affect the quality of produced anodes: composition and grade of raw materials, recipe, technology, operating parameters, the granulometric composition of charge materials etc. The most significant influence is from the last factor. The article provides research results on the effect of fine fractions on the quality of anodes. The research object is charge of different granulometric composition used to produce anodes at the Kazakhstan Electrolysis plant in Pavlodar. Six types of anode mass with different granulometric composition were prepared for the experiment. The anode mass was made of petroleum coke, pitch, recycled anodes, and dust from filters and grinder produced during coke treatment. Several properties of the specimens were studied. In total, six specimens were made and, specimen № 4 drew particular attention. Its granulometric composition is as following: coarse fractions – 25 %, medium fractions – 20%, fine fractions (grinder dust) – 50 %, and filter dust – 5 %. The results showed that some specifications of anodes, like gas permeability and apparent density that affect anode consumption, are improved as the fineness of dust grinding. For instance, the addition of dust fraction in the charge increases anode density from 1.542 to 1.639 kilogram per cubic decimeters and decreases gas permeability from 1.01 to 0.78 nPm. In addition, the presence of dust fraction minimizes the porosity of the anode block. The results of the investigation help adjust the optimal recipe of anode mass to obtain high-quality anodes.


Author(s):  
Arina Oana Antoce ◽  
George Adrian Cojocaru

Abstract The autochthonous Feteasca neagra variety, cultivated in four wine regions of Romania, was comparatively assessed in order to characterize its quality potential in different terroirs. Among the variables of the terroir, the clone of Feteasca neagra is also a factor. Thus, in Murfatlar region we find either clone 9Mf or the massal selection, in Stefanesti clone 4VI is planted, while in Pietroasa and Bucharest clone 10Pt is cultivated. To assess the behaviour of the variety in different wine regions physico-chemical analyses of the grapes were performed, along with the determination of the uvological and phenolic maturity parameters. The results show a high variability, induced both by the cultivation conditions and the selected clone. Although the harvesting was done at approximately the same date, differences in all assessed parameters are found to be directly dependent on the clone, even in the case of the cultivation in the same region (Murfatlar), while the same clone (10Pt) shows a different behaviour when cultivated in separated regions (Pietroasa or Bucharest). The most important characteristics of the grapes are presented and discussed, with a special emphasis on the parameters related to phenolic maturity, which are the most important for the colour and aging potential of the wines. The other compositional parameters are discussed as well, as they also influence the wine’s balance. The favourability of the different regions for the cultivation of Feteasca neagra is assessed, taking into account the wine style which can be obtained from the raw materials, such as wines destined for aging or wines suitable for consumption while young


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Andrii Zahorulko ◽  
Aleksey Zagorulko ◽  
Natalia Fedak ◽  
Sergei Sabadash ◽  
Dmytro Kazakov ◽  
...  

The aim of the research is to probate the improved vacuum-evaporative apparatus with a changed heating system and increased heat exchanging surface, designed for producing high-quality concentrated blended fruit-berry compositions. Such constructive solution allows to realize an even stabilizing temperature effect, achieved at the expanse of eliminating a steam heating tunic by using a mixer of the apparatus itself. This approach provides simplification of exploitation conditions of such apparatuses, increases the heat exchanging surface that results in decreasing the thermal processing duration at concentrating natural raw materials with a possibility to create original blended compositions of the high readiness degree on its base. For providing production of concentrated semi-products, it is offered to blend fruit-berry raw materials in integral compositions of the high readiness degree. Food semi-products, obtained by this way, differ by original organoleptic properties and increased structural-mechanical indices that give a possibility of their wide use in different branches of food industry and restaurant economy. There is used a method of determining changes of the obtained structure of blended fruit-berry paste with different ratios of components, using the differential function for distribution of pores by radius that provides determination of an influence of each raw material on the obtained dispersion. It is established, that a composition, based on apple, cranberry and blackberry demonstrates a dispersion decrease at introducing cranberry within 25–35 % and its growth at a concentration increase up to 45 % ( = 1.8 nm). At the apparatus probation there is established the evenness provision of a heat flow from a flexible film resistant electric heater of the radiating type, used for heating. Thus, at the given temperature on the heater surface as 146 °С, a difference of temperature values in control points is within error. The result of the gustatory examination proved an advantage of the obtained blended fruit-berry concentrated semi-product, characterized by the homogenous structure with a peasant color and original taste qualities. The offered innovative construction-technological idea allows to produce high-quality concentrated products at using the improved equipment with the even stabilizing temperature effect, decreased metal consumption and increased exploitation indices


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