scholarly journals Coral diseases of mushroom coral (Fungiidae) in Pari Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 944 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
B Subhan ◽  
N P Zamani ◽  
F Rahmawati ◽  
D Arafat ◽  
A Bramandito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Disease ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Mushroom Coral ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
Coral Health

Abstract Coral disease is one of the causes of the decline in the condition of coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to measure coral health based on the abundance and prevalence of coral health categories. The research was conducted in the Pari Island Cluster, Seribu Islands at four stations. The Belt Transect method with 2 × 100 meters was used to calculate coral health and a 30 m Line Intercept Transect (LIT) with three replications to determine substrate cover. The condition of coral reefs can be categorized as moderate to good based on this percentage value. The study results found five genera from the Fungiidae, namely Fungia, Ctenactis, Herpolitha, Heliofungia, and Sandalolitha. The most commonly found genus is the genus Fungia. The health condition of Fungiidae corals in Pari Island is divided into two categories, namely 35% healthy and 65% unhealthy, consisting of changes in tissue color - white (coral bleaching), changes in tissue color - not white (yellow band disease), and compromised health (damage by sedimentation). Yellow band disease is only found in the genus ˆ and is not found in other genera.

scholarly journals Kondisi Kesehatan Karang Genus Porites di Perairan Jemeluk dan Penuktukan-Bali

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Febbi Mellani ◽  
I Gede Hendrawan ◽  
Widiastuti Karim
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Coastal Morphology ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
White Plague ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Coral Health

This research was conducted to determine the coral health condition of genus Porites at Jemeluk beach and Penuktukan beach with the different of reef geomorphology. Coral reef data was collected  for two days in Jemeluk beach (reef flats) in March 2017 and in Penuktukan beach (reef slope) in April 2017. Each observation location consisted of 3 stations parallel to the coastline. Observation of coral health data using belt transect method size 2 x 25 m with width of 1 meter each to left and right side. Photo documentation was performed on coral reefs of Porites and subsequently identified the types of diseases and forms of health problems using Coral Disease Handbook, Guidelines for Assessment, Monitoring and Management. The types of coral diseases found in both beaches are ulcerative white spot and white plague. The number of dominant colonies that infected with the disease was found on Jemeluk beach which has coastal morphology of coral reefs. The coral health conditions of the genus Porites found on Jemeluk and Penuktukan beaches are in an unhealthy condition. Compromised health is dominant in Jemeluk beach, this is estimated to be caused by the presence of river flow at observation sites which  is relatively high. In addition, the coral reef morphology in Jemeluk beach is reef flat causing the reefs in this area to be more susceptible to damage.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Jenis dan Prevalensi Penyakit Karang pada Terumbu Karang di Perairan Pemuteran

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Putu Hernanda Krishna Ariszandy ◽  
I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda Putra ◽  
Widiastuti Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Coral Species ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Diseased Coral ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Belt Transect

Coral reef ecosystems play an important role in many aspects of human beings as one third of Indonesian population are living in coastal areas and depend their lives on this ecosystem. However, this ecosystem is threatened by various factors, one of them is coral disease. Increased sea water temperature, sedimentation, and pollutants can increase the growth of pathogenic microorganisms that cause coral disease. The data of coral diseases was collected byqpurposive samplingpmethod which was chosen based on the presence of coral reefs and coastal conditions at each station in a belt transect of 20 x 2 m. Furthermore, coral diseases and coral species were identified based on identification books. The prevalence of coral disease was calculated by divided the total number of coral colonies with the total number of diseased coral then multiplied by 100%. Results showed that the highest coral disease prevalence were at site 3 and 4. Meanwhile, site 1 and 2 were lower than those sites. It was suggested that the coral disease prevalence is related to the domestic input from the coastal. As site 1 and 2 were relatively low populated than site 3 and 4.

scholarly journals ‘YELLOW SYNDROME’ IN SCLERACTINIAN CORALS THROUGHOUT BINTAN DISTRICT, KEPULAUAN RIAU PROVINCE, INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ofri Johan ◽  
Agus Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Porites Lutea ◽  
Disease Surveys ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Line Intercept ◽  
Pathogenic Microbe

Coral disease surveys were conducted in Bintan, Kepulauan Riau Province. The purpose was to identify the abundance of corals showing signs of Yellow Syndrome (YS) disease and to describe similar pathological signs to that of AYBD throughout Bintan District. Three belt transects (2 m x 50 m in size) were set up to determine the abundance of coral reef attacked by YS disease. Line intercept transects were used to determine the percentage of live corals in the surveyed areas. The survey showed that the YS disease syndrome attacked 8 different genera i.e. Acropora, Montipora, Porites, Pavona, Turbinaria, Favia, Platygyra, and Favites. The highest attack happened at Mapur Island (0.06 kol/m2) on Porites lutea, Turbinaria peltata, T. mesenterina, Acropora bruggemanni, and Pavona frondifera. The survey also indicated that there may have been at least two types of YS i.e. the first type caused by a boring and/or over-growing sponge species and the second type caused by a kind of pathogenic microbe. Regardless the causal agent of YS, the severity of YS attack on coral urged immediate action to be undertaken and should include initial microscopic and histology examinations. Based on this initial microscopic and histology examinations it was found out that YS bears a close resemblance to the Arabian Yellow Band Disease. This study, however, argued that the word “disease” may have been incorrectly used without identifying a specific causal agent.

scholarly journals New records of coral diseases in the Persian Gulf

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 14912-134913
Author(s):  
Parviz Tavakoli-Kolour ◽  
Sanaz Hazraty-Kari
Keyword(s):  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
New Records ◽  
Black Band Disease ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
The Persian Gulf

We report first observations of three coral diseases including black band disease on Acropora, a syndrome resembling yellow band disease and red band disease on Porites colonies from depth 5–6 m at Abu-Musa Island  after widespread coral bleaching in the northern part of the Persian Gulf  in October 2012. 

scholarly journals New records of coral diseases in the Persian Gulf

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 14912-14913
Author(s):  
Parviz Tavakoli-Kolour ◽  
Sanaz Hazraty-Kari
Keyword(s):  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
New Records ◽  
Black Band Disease ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
The Persian Gulf

We report first observations of three coral diseases including black band disease on Acropora, a syndrome resembling yellow band disease and red band disease on Porites colonies from depth 5–6 m at Abu-Musa Island  after widespread coral bleaching in the northern part of the Persian Gulf  in October 2012. 

PORIFERAN ABUNDANCE IS NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH CORAL HEALTH IN THE MESOAMERICAN REEF

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MacKenzie L. Kroll ◽  
Bobby A. Rodriguez ◽  
Andrea C. Edie ◽  
Kendra L. Phelps ◽  
Donna E. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Stony Corals ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
White Plague Type Ii ◽  
Coral Health

Abstract The Mesoamerican Reef is the second largest coral reef in the world and has experienced a 50% loss of coral coverage in recent decades. Due to the high biodiversity of marine life that depend on the Mesoamerican Reef, identifying drivers of coral loss is crucial. This study was designed to assess the relationship between the presence of yellow band disease (YBD) and white plague type-II (WPII) on stony corals with environmental (water depth) and biological stressors (abundance of sponges in close proximity) in the reef surrounding the Bay Islands, Honduras. Both radial and parallel transect survey techniques were used to quantify the abundance of seven sponge species within a one-meter radius of Orbicella species and Montastraea cavernsoa. The strongest predictor of coral health was the abundance of Callyspongia plicifera, followed by Svenzea zeai, in close proximity to diseased coral. A weak, but positive, correlation between poriferan abundance and the presence of disease lesions on coral was observed. However, no significant relationship of disease prevalence with water depth was observed. Additionally, no differences in the prevalence of disease lesions between four species of native stony corals were observed. These findings suggest coral species are equally susceptible to bacterial pathogens, but that close association with poriferans may increase the transmission and persistence of harmful bacteria in coral reef ecosystems.

scholarly journals Status of Coral Health and Disease in Kessilampe Waters, Kendari, South East Sulawesi

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Ratna Diyah Palupi ◽  
Rahmadani Rahmadani ◽  
Ira Ira
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Aquatic Animal ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
White Syndrome ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Coral Health ◽  
Global Threat

Diseases of coral reef organisms have become a global threat to coral reefs and a major cause of reef deterioration. The presence of coral diseases influence marine resources productivity that interact with coral reefs. The purpose of this research is to identify coral disease types and prevalence which include coral health compromiser. Data collection was done by using 40 m2 belt transects at three observation stations. The result showed that the White Syndrome (WS), Bleaching, Ulcerative White Spot (UWS), Skeleton Eroding Band (SEB), White Patch (WP), and Non Focal Bleaching were found at research sites, while the coral health compromisers were Sediment damage, fish bite, invertebrate galls, flatworm infestation, and pigmentation response. In addition disease of White Syndrome (WS), Bleaching, and Ulcerative White Spot (UWS) were the main disease with prevalence of disease is approximately 4%, while the others were lower than 1%. Overall the prevalence of diseases (14,52%) is higher than compromise health (13,98%). A total of 186 coral colonies observed with 27 colonies were affected by diseases. Meanwhile, the waters quality (salinity, pH, and nitrate) were below the threshold quality standards for marine aquatic animal and not supported of coral organism was presume organisms against pathogens bacterial. Although the prevalence of coral disease is still in normal condition but the decrease of water quality can lead the risk. Good management is required from local government to improve the water quality especially from terrestrial impact.

scholarly journals Development and application of molecular biomarkers for characterizing Caribbean Yellow Band Disease inOrbicella faveolata

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Morgan ◽  
Kylia Goodner ◽  
James Ross ◽  
Angela Z. Poole ◽  
Elizabeth Stepp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Representational Difference Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Coral Host ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
Algal Symbiont ◽  
Yellow Band Disease

Molecular stress responses associated with coral diseases represent an under-studied area of cnidarian transcriptome investigations. Caribbean Yellow Band Disease (CYBD) is considered a disease ofSymbiodiniumwithin the tissues of the coral hostOrbicella faveolata. There is a paucity of diagnostic tools to assist in the early detection and characterization of coral diseases. The validity of a diagnostic test is determined by its ability to distinguish host organisms that have the disease from those that do not. The ability to detect and identify disease-affected tissue before visible signs of the disease are evident would then be a useful diagnostic tool for monitoring and managing disease outbreaks. Representational Difference Analysis (RDA) was utilized to isolate differentially expressed genes inO. faveolataexhibiting CYBD. Preliminary screening of RDA products identified a small number of genes of interest (GOI) which included an early growth response factor and ubiquitin ligase from the coral host as well as cytochrome oxidase from the algal symbiont. To further characterize the specificity of response, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was utilized to compare the expression profiles of these GOIs within diseased tissues (visible lesions), tissues that precede visible lesions by 2–4 cm (transition area), and tissues from healthy-looking colonies with no signs of disease. Results show there are distinctive differences in the expression profiles of these three GOIs within each tissue examined. Collectively, this small suite of GOIs can provide a molecular “finger print” which is capable of differentiating between infected and uninfected colonies on reefs where CYBD is known to occur.

scholarly journals KELIMPAHAN DAN PREVALENSI PENYAKIT KARANG DI PERAIRAN LANGARA, KONAWA KEPULAUAN, SULAWESI TENGGARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Siti Hasma ◽  
Baru Sadarun ◽  
Ratna Diyah Palupi
Keyword(s):  
Black Band Disease ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Growth Anomalies ◽  
White Spots ◽  
White Band ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
White Band Disease

Penyakit karang adalah gangguan terhadap kesehatan karang yang menyebabkan hilang atau rusaknya jaringan karang. Biota karang yang terinfeksi penyakit telah diidentifikasikan sebagai salah satu faktor utama yang memperburuk tutupan terumbu karang secara global. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan prevalensi penyakit karang di Perairan Langara, Konawe Kepulauan, Sulawesi Tenggara. Pengambilan data dilakukan di bulan April 2018 pada tiga stasiun penelitian. Metode pengambilan data kelimpahan dan prevalensi penyakit karang menggunakan metode belt transect (transek sabuk) dengan luas area transek 350 m2, yang ditarik sejajar garis pantai. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa penyakit karang yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian sebanyak 8 jenis [Black Band Disease (BBD), Dark Spots Disease (DSD), Ulcerative White Spots (UWS), White Band Disease (WBD), Explained Growth Anomalies (EGA), White Syndrom (WS), Bleacing (BL) dan Yellow Band Disease (YBD)]. Kelimpahan dan prevalensi penyakit karang yang tertinggi terdapat di stasiun II, dimana nilai kelimpahan yaitu 0.063 koloni/m2 dan nilai prevalensi yaitu 92.187%. Jenis penyakit karang yang mendominasi di lokasi penelitian secara berturut-turut adalah UWS, BBD dan WS.Kata Kunci: Kelimpahan; Penyakit Karang; Perairan Langara; Prevalensi

scholarly journals PREVALENSI DAN JENIS PENYAKIT YANG MENGINFEKSI KARANG DI PERAIRAN PULAU ENGGANO BENGKULU

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Person Pesona Renta ◽  
Dewi Purnama ◽  
Bertoka Fajar Surya Prawira Negara ◽  
Dwi Ari Yasinto Rahmantyo ◽  
Nico Deodatus Adhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Disease ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
White Spots ◽  
White Band ◽  
White Plague ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Belt Transect

Penyakit karang merupakan salah satu permasalahan ekosistem terumbu karang yang diakibatkan oleh manusia. Penyakit karang dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas dan daya imun karang yang ditandai dengan terhambatnya laju pertumbuhan pada karang dan berdampak pada matinya karang di suatu perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis penyakit dan bentuk pertumbuhan karang yang sering terinfeksi penyakit serta menganalisis prevalensi penyakit karang di Perairan Pulau Enggano, Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Pengambilan data penyakit karang dengan metode transek sabuk (Belt Transect). Hasil penelitian didapatkn 9 jenis penyakit yang ditemukan di Pulau Enggano, yaitu Yellow Band Desease, Black Band Desease, White Band Desease, Red Band Desease, Dark Plague,  White Plague, Pink Plotch, dan Ulcerative White Spots,  serta White Spot. Sedangkan bentuk pertumbuhan (lifeform) karang yang terinfeksi adalah Coral Massive dan Acropora Branching. Tingkat prevelensi karang tertinggi terdapat pada lokasi Kahabi, sedangkan terendah pada Pulau Dua di bagian windward. Tingginya tingkat prevalensi di Kahabi dimungkinkan karena tingginya kedalaman di lokasi tersebut. Rendahnya tingkat prevalensi karang pada Pulau Dua di sisi windward dimungkinkan karena pada sisi ini merupakan daerah yang terkena arus tiap saat, sehingga membantu karang dalam membersihkan sedimen yang menempel pada permukaan yang dimungkinkan membawa bakteri penyebab penyakit karang.CORAL DISEASE PREVALENCE IN ENGGANO ISLAND, BENGKULU. Coral disease is one of the coral reef ecosystem problems caused by humans. Coral disease causes a decrease in the quality and immunity of corals characterized by stunted growth rates on corals and impacts on the death of corals in waters. This study aims to identify the types of coral disease and coral lifeform that are often infected and analyze the prevalence of coral disease in Enggano Island Waters, Bengkulu. This research used survey method. Coral disease data were obtained using the belt transect method. The results obtained 9 types of coral diseases found on Enggano Island, namely Yellow Band Desease, Black Band Desease, White Band Desease, Red Band Desease, Dark Plague, White Plague, Pink Plotch, and Ulcerative White Spots, and White Spot. While infected lifeforms were Coral Massive and Acropora Branching. The highest level of coral prevalence was at the Kahabi site, while the lowest was on Pulau Dua in the windward area. The high prevalence rate in Kahabi might be due to the high depth at the location. The low level of coral prevalence on Pulau Dua on the windward side might be caused by being exposed to the current at any time, thus helping the coral in cleaning sediments attached to the surface which could carry the bacteria that cause coral disease.

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