scholarly journals PREVALENSI DAN JENIS PENYAKIT YANG MENGINFEKSI KARANG DI PERAIRAN PULAU ENGGANO BENGKULU

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Person Pesona Renta ◽  
Dewi Purnama ◽  
Bertoka Fajar Surya Prawira Negara ◽  
Dwi Ari Yasinto Rahmantyo ◽  
Nico Deodatus Adhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Disease ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
White Spots ◽  
White Band ◽  
White Plague ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Belt Transect

Penyakit karang merupakan salah satu permasalahan ekosistem terumbu karang yang diakibatkan oleh manusia. Penyakit karang dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas dan daya imun karang yang ditandai dengan terhambatnya laju pertumbuhan pada karang dan berdampak pada matinya karang di suatu perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis penyakit dan bentuk pertumbuhan karang yang sering terinfeksi penyakit serta menganalisis prevalensi penyakit karang di Perairan Pulau Enggano, Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Pengambilan data penyakit karang dengan metode transek sabuk (Belt Transect). Hasil penelitian didapatkn 9 jenis penyakit yang ditemukan di Pulau Enggano, yaitu Yellow Band Desease, Black Band Desease, White Band Desease, Red Band Desease, Dark Plague,  White Plague, Pink Plotch, dan Ulcerative White Spots,  serta White Spot. Sedangkan bentuk pertumbuhan (lifeform) karang yang terinfeksi adalah Coral Massive dan Acropora Branching. Tingkat prevelensi karang tertinggi terdapat pada lokasi Kahabi, sedangkan terendah pada Pulau Dua di bagian windward. Tingginya tingkat prevalensi di Kahabi dimungkinkan karena tingginya kedalaman di lokasi tersebut. Rendahnya tingkat prevalensi karang pada Pulau Dua di sisi windward dimungkinkan karena pada sisi ini merupakan daerah yang terkena arus tiap saat, sehingga membantu karang dalam membersihkan sedimen yang menempel pada permukaan yang dimungkinkan membawa bakteri penyebab penyakit karang.CORAL DISEASE PREVALENCE IN ENGGANO ISLAND, BENGKULU. Coral disease is one of the coral reef ecosystem problems caused by humans. Coral disease causes a decrease in the quality and immunity of corals characterized by stunted growth rates on corals and impacts on the death of corals in waters. This study aims to identify the types of coral disease and coral lifeform that are often infected and analyze the prevalence of coral disease in Enggano Island Waters, Bengkulu. This research used survey method. Coral disease data were obtained using the belt transect method. The results obtained 9 types of coral diseases found on Enggano Island, namely Yellow Band Desease, Black Band Desease, White Band Desease, Red Band Desease, Dark Plague, White Plague, Pink Plotch, and Ulcerative White Spots, and White Spot. While infected lifeforms were Coral Massive and Acropora Branching. The highest level of coral prevalence was at the Kahabi site, while the lowest was on Pulau Dua in the windward area. The high prevalence rate in Kahabi might be due to the high depth at the location. The low level of coral prevalence on Pulau Dua on the windward side might be caused by being exposed to the current at any time, thus helping the coral in cleaning sediments attached to the surface which could carry the bacteria that cause coral disease.

scholarly journals KELIMPAHAN DAN PREVALENSI PENYAKIT KARANG DI PERAIRAN LANGARA, KONAWA KEPULAUAN, SULAWESI TENGGARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Siti Hasma ◽  
Baru Sadarun ◽  
Ratna Diyah Palupi
Keyword(s):  
Black Band Disease ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Growth Anomalies ◽  
White Spots ◽  
White Band ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
White Band Disease

Penyakit karang adalah gangguan terhadap kesehatan karang yang menyebabkan hilang atau rusaknya jaringan karang. Biota karang yang terinfeksi penyakit telah diidentifikasikan sebagai salah satu faktor utama yang memperburuk tutupan terumbu karang secara global. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan prevalensi penyakit karang di Perairan Langara, Konawe Kepulauan, Sulawesi Tenggara. Pengambilan data dilakukan di bulan April 2018 pada tiga stasiun penelitian. Metode pengambilan data kelimpahan dan prevalensi penyakit karang menggunakan metode belt transect (transek sabuk) dengan luas area transek 350 m2, yang ditarik sejajar garis pantai. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa penyakit karang yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian sebanyak 8 jenis [Black Band Disease (BBD), Dark Spots Disease (DSD), Ulcerative White Spots (UWS), White Band Disease (WBD), Explained Growth Anomalies (EGA), White Syndrom (WS), Bleacing (BL) dan Yellow Band Disease (YBD)]. Kelimpahan dan prevalensi penyakit karang yang tertinggi terdapat di stasiun II, dimana nilai kelimpahan yaitu 0.063 koloni/m2 dan nilai prevalensi yaitu 92.187%. Jenis penyakit karang yang mendominasi di lokasi penelitian secara berturut-turut adalah UWS, BBD dan WS.Kata Kunci: Kelimpahan; Penyakit Karang; Perairan Langara; Prevalensi

PREVALENSI DAN KELIMPAHAN PENYAKIT KARANG DI PERAIRAN DESA BUTON KABUPATEN MOROWALI SULAWESI TENGAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ayu Safitri ◽  
Ratna Diyah Palupi ◽  
. Rahmadani
Keyword(s):  
White Spot ◽  
Black Band Disease ◽  
White Band ◽  
Brown Band ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
White Band Disease ◽  
Brown Band Disease

Penyakit karang sekarang ini sudah menjadi perhatian utama para peneliti karang. Banyak kasus dilaporkan penyakit karang menjadi penyumbang terbesar kematian karang di sebuah perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan kelimpahan penyakit karang di Perairan Desa Buton, Kabupaten Morowali, Sulawesi Tengah. Metode pengambilan data prevalensi dan kelimpahan penyakit karang menggunkan belt transect (transek sabuk) dengan luas 180m2 yang ditarik sejajar garis pantai pada 3 (tiga) titik stasiun. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ditemukan sebanyak 5 (lima) jenis penyakit karang (White Band Disease, Brown Band Disease, Ulcerative White Spot, Bleaching, dan Black Band Disease dan 3 (tiga) jenis gangguan kesehatan karang (Fish bites, Crown-of-Thorn-Starfish (COTS), dan Tube formers). Secara umum total prevalensi penyakit karang di lokasi penelitian sebesar 78,7% (52,3% penyakit karang dan 26,4% berupa gangguan kesehatan karang) dengan kasus tertinggi terdapat di stasiun 1 (satu). lebih lanjut kelimpahan rata-rata penyakit karang sebesar 0,65 koloni/m2. Kelimpahan penyakit karang tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun I yaitu sebesar 0,32 koloni/m2.Kata Kunci: Penyakit Karang, Prevalensi, Kelimpahan, Perairan Desa Buton

Coral disease succession in Tobago: from yellow band to black band disease

Coral Reefs ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mallela ◽  
R. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Coral Disease ◽  
Black Band Disease ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Black Band

scholarly journals Kondisi Kesehatan Karang Genus Porites di Perairan Jemeluk dan Penuktukan-Bali

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Febbi Mellani ◽  
I Gede Hendrawan ◽  
Widiastuti Karim
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Coastal Morphology ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
White Plague ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Coral Health

This research was conducted to determine the coral health condition of genus Porites at Jemeluk beach and Penuktukan beach with the different of reef geomorphology. Coral reef data was collected  for two days in Jemeluk beach (reef flats) in March 2017 and in Penuktukan beach (reef slope) in April 2017. Each observation location consisted of 3 stations parallel to the coastline. Observation of coral health data using belt transect method size 2 x 25 m with width of 1 meter each to left and right side. Photo documentation was performed on coral reefs of Porites and subsequently identified the types of diseases and forms of health problems using Coral Disease Handbook, Guidelines for Assessment, Monitoring and Management. The types of coral diseases found in both beaches are ulcerative white spot and white plague. The number of dominant colonies that infected with the disease was found on Jemeluk beach which has coastal morphology of coral reefs. The coral health conditions of the genus Porites found on Jemeluk and Penuktukan beaches are in an unhealthy condition. Compromised health is dominant in Jemeluk beach, this is estimated to be caused by the presence of river flow at observation sites which  is relatively high. In addition, the coral reef morphology in Jemeluk beach is reef flat causing the reefs in this area to be more susceptible to damage.

scholarly journals LAJU INFEKSI PENYAKIT WHITE PLAGUE DAN WHITE BAND DISEASE DI PERAIRAN PULAU TIKUS, KOTA BENGKULU

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-232
Author(s):  
Dewi Purnama ◽  
Aradea Bujana Kusuma ◽  
Bertoka F. S. P Negara ◽  
Person Pesona Renta ◽  
Mulstory Wander Simarmata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
White Band ◽  
White Plague ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
White Band Disease ◽  
Coral Health ◽  
The Impact

Penyakit karang adalah gangguan terhadap kesehatan karang yang menyebabkan gangguan secara fisiologis bagi biota karang. Penyakit karang dapat memberikan dampak buruk terhadap proses pertumbuhan karang hingga dapat menyebabkan kematian karang disuatu perairan. Dampak dari penyakit karang terhadap ekosistem terumbu karang sangat besar, selain mengakibatkan kematian karang dalam skala yang luas, penyakit karang juga berdampak pada berkurangnya tingkat keanekaragaman sumberdaya alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis laju infeksi penyakit White Plague dan White Band Disease di perairan Pulau Tikus, Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Oktober 2019 di Perairan Pulau Tikus, Kota Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei, pengamatan dan pengukuran langsung di Lapangan. Hasil Penelitian ini didapatkan bentuk pertumbuhan yang terinfeksi penyakit White Plague di Perairan Pulau Tikus Kota Bengkulu adalah bentuk pertumbuhan karang Massive dan penyakit White Band Disease pada karang Acropora. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei, pengamatan dan pengukuran langsung di lapangan.Laju infeksi penyakit White Plague di perairan Pulau Tikus Kota Bengkulu adalah 0,009 - 0,023 cm/hari. Laju infeksi penyakit White Plague mengalami kenaikan setiap minggu dengan rata rata laju infeksi 0,015 cm/hari dan nilai laju infeksi penyakit White Band Disease yang terdapat pada karang Acropora di Perairan Pulau Tikus, Bengkulu yaitu 0,013 cm/hari – 0,030 cm/hari. Rata – rata yang diperoleh yaitu 0,024 cm/hari. Nilai laju infeksi karang menandakan bahwa sebagian besar kerusakan terumbu karang diakibatkan oleh penyakit karang.THE RATE OF WHITE PLAGUE AND WHITE BAND DISEASE IN TIKUS ISLAND, BENGKULU CITY. Coral disease is a disorder of coral health that causes physiological disruption to coral biota. The coral disease can adversely affect the coral growth process until it can lead to coral death in a waterway. The impact of coral disease on coral ecosystems is very large. In addition to resulting in coral death on a wide scale, a coral disease also affects natural resources' reduced diversity. This research aimed to determine and analyze the White Plague and White Band Disease's infection rate in Tikus Island, Bengkulu City. The research was conducted in September-October 2019, located in Tikus Island Water, Bengkulu City. The methods used in this study are direct survey, observation, and measurement methods in the Field. This study obtained a form of growth infected with White Plague disease in the Waters of Tikus Island Bengkulu City. The infection rate of White Plague Disease in Tikus Island was 0.009-0.023 cm/day. The quality of the condition of White Plague disease increased every week with an average infection rate of 0.015 cm/day, and the rate of infection rate of White Band Disease found in Acropora coral in the Waters of Tikus Island, Bengkulu which was 0.013 cm/day – 0.030 cm/day. The average obtained 0.024 cm/day. The coral infection rate indicates that most of the damage to coral reefs was caused by coral disease.

scholarly journals Coral diseases of mushroom coral (Fungiidae) in Pari Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 944 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
B Subhan ◽  
N P Zamani ◽  
F Rahmawati ◽  
D Arafat ◽  
A Bramandito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Disease ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Mushroom Coral ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
Coral Health

Abstract Coral disease is one of the causes of the decline in the condition of coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to measure coral health based on the abundance and prevalence of coral health categories. The research was conducted in the Pari Island Cluster, Seribu Islands at four stations. The Belt Transect method with 2 × 100 meters was used to calculate coral health and a 30 m Line Intercept Transect (LIT) with three replications to determine substrate cover. The condition of coral reefs can be categorized as moderate to good based on this percentage value. The study results found five genera from the Fungiidae, namely Fungia, Ctenactis, Herpolitha, Heliofungia, and Sandalolitha. The most commonly found genus is the genus Fungia. The health condition of Fungiidae corals in Pari Island is divided into two categories, namely 35% healthy and 65% unhealthy, consisting of changes in tissue color - white (coral bleaching), changes in tissue color - not white (yellow band disease), and compromised health (damage by sedimentation). Yellow band disease is only found in the genus ˆ and is not found in other genera.

Etiology of White Spot Defect in Swiss Cheese Made from Pasteurized Milk

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 718-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. NATH ◽  
B. J. KOSTAK
Keyword(s):  
Eye Development ◽  
Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Complete Dissolution ◽  
Swiss Cheese ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
White Spots

Swiss cheese made from fully pasteurized milk developed white spots during hot room stay. This cheese was bitter and eye development was generally retarded. Streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens was isolated in high numbers from the spot; it caused bitterness in milk cultures with complete dissolution of the milk clot. The isolate was inhibitory to propionibacteria and Lactobacillus fermentum; CO2 production by Propionibacterium was depressed in broth culture in the presence of the S. faecalis subsp. liquefaciens isolate.

scholarly journals ‘YELLOW SYNDROME’ IN SCLERACTINIAN CORALS THROUGHOUT BINTAN DISTRICT, KEPULAUAN RIAU PROVINCE, INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ofri Johan ◽  
Agus Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Porites Lutea ◽  
Disease Surveys ◽  
Yellow Band Disease ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Line Intercept ◽  
Pathogenic Microbe

Coral disease surveys were conducted in Bintan, Kepulauan Riau Province. The purpose was to identify the abundance of corals showing signs of Yellow Syndrome (YS) disease and to describe similar pathological signs to that of AYBD throughout Bintan District. Three belt transects (2 m x 50 m in size) were set up to determine the abundance of coral reef attacked by YS disease. Line intercept transects were used to determine the percentage of live corals in the surveyed areas. The survey showed that the YS disease syndrome attacked 8 different genera i.e. Acropora, Montipora, Porites, Pavona, Turbinaria, Favia, Platygyra, and Favites. The highest attack happened at Mapur Island (0.06 kol/m2) on Porites lutea, Turbinaria peltata, T. mesenterina, Acropora bruggemanni, and Pavona frondifera. The survey also indicated that there may have been at least two types of YS i.e. the first type caused by a boring and/or over-growing sponge species and the second type caused by a kind of pathogenic microbe. Regardless the causal agent of YS, the severity of YS attack on coral urged immediate action to be undertaken and should include initial microscopic and histology examinations. Based on this initial microscopic and histology examinations it was found out that YS bears a close resemblance to the Arabian Yellow Band Disease. This study, however, argued that the word “disease” may have been incorrectly used without identifying a specific causal agent.

scholarly journals Systematic review and meta-analysis of 50 years of coral disease research visualized through the scope of network theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis M. Montilla ◽  
Alfredo Ascanio ◽  
Alejandra Verde ◽  
Aldo Croquer
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Host Genus ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Black Band

AbstractCoral disease research encompasses five decades of undeniable progress. Since the first descriptions of anomalous signs, we have come to understand multiple processes and environmental drivers that interact with coral pathologies. To gain a better insight into the knowledge we already have, we explored how key topics in coral disease research have been related to each other using network analysis. We reviewed 719 papers and conference proceedings published from 1965 to 2017. From each study, four elements determined our network nodes: 1) studied disease(s); 2) host genus; 3) marine ecoregion(s) associated with the study site; and 4) research objectives. Basic properties of this network confirmed that there is a set of specific topics comprising the majority of research. The top five diseases, genera, and ecoregions studied accounted for over 48% of the research effort in all cases. The community structure analysis identified 15 clusters of topics with different degrees of overlap among them. These clusters represent the typical sets of elements that appear together for a given study. Our results show that while some coral diseases have been studied considering multiple aspects, the overall trend is for most diseases to be understood under a limited range of approaches, e.g. bacterial assemblages have been considerably studied in Yellow and Black band diseases while immune response has been better examined for the aspergillosis-Gorgonia system. Thus, our challenge in the near future is to identify and resolve potential gaps in order to achieve a more comprehensive progress on coral disease research.

Specific systemic IgG1, IgG2 and IgM responses in pigs immunized with infective eggs or selected antigens of Ascaris suum

Parasitology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. FRONTERA ◽  
A. CARRÓN ◽  
F. J. SERRANO ◽  
A. ROEPSTORFF ◽  
D. REINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
White Spots ◽  
Challenge Control

A total of 35 pigs aged 15 weeks old, and 21 pigs aged 8 weeks old were divided into 7 groups. Groups 1 and 2 were uninfected and challenge control groups, respectively. Groups 3 and 4 were infected weekly with 6 increasing doses of Ascaris suum eggs, and group 4 was additionally treated with pyrantel. Groups 5, 6, and 7 were immunized weekly with the 14, 42, or 97 kDa fractions from adult worms, respectively. Animals of groups 2–7 were challenged with 10 000 A. suum eggs 7 days after the last infection/immunization. Serum was sampled weekly and specific IgG1, IgG2, and IgM responses were measured. Pigs of groups 5, 6, and 7 showed high IgG1 and IgG2 responses especially against adult worms antigens, while infected groups had high IgG1 and IgM responses, especially against larva. The IgG1 responses were negatively correlated to the numbers of larvae in the lungs, and positively associated with the liver white spot numbers. There was a positive correlation between IgG2 and the numbers of white spots and lung larvae, while IgM was negatively correlated with these parasitological measures. These findings are discussed and it is suggested that acquired resistance against A. suum larvae is correlated with the induction of IgG1 and IgM, and not with IgG2, and that future vaccination protocols may focus on inducing the Th2 activity.

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