scholarly journals Floods and their problems: Land uses and soil types perspectives

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012111
Author(s):  
H Basri ◽  
S Syakur ◽  
A Azmeri ◽  
E Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
River Flood ◽  
Open Land ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Disaster Control ◽  
Runoff Model

Abstract The phenomenon of flooding that occurs in almost all regions of the earth causes loss of property and damage to public facilities and causes the loss of many human lives. There are many reports related to the causes of flooding with various solutions offered to overcome the flood problem. However, it seems that these efforts have not been able to eliminate the flood problem. Hydrologists have widely reported various factors that are the cause of flooding with an extensive scope. Therefore, this paper is limited to discussing flooding and its problems, specifically the river flood, from the perspective of land use and soil types. Changes in land use in a watershed can cause an increase in the runoff coefficient. Likewise, different types of soil have different abilities in passing water into the ground. Open land (without land cover) tends to be prone to erosion, reducing the soil’s infiltration capacity and increased surface runoff. Increasing the runoff coefficient will increase the peak discharge in a watershed. The decrease in the river capacity due to sediment can cause a river flood. To support this argument, a rainfall-runoff model, particularly the tank model, is also discussed, taking into account the various uses and types of soil in a watershed. Efforts to anticipate the river flood are also considered for formulating flood disaster control policies in a watershed.

scholarly journals Formulation of Parsimonious Urban Flash Flood Predictive Model with Inferential Statistics

Mathematics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Lloyd Ling ◽  
Sai Hin Lai ◽  
Zulkifli Yusop ◽  
Ren Jie Chin ◽  
Joan Lucille Ling
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Runoff Model

The curve number (CN) rainfall–runoff model is widely adopted. However, it had been reported to repeatedly fail in consistently predicting runoff results worldwide. Unlike the existing antecedent moisture condition concept, this study preserved its parsimonious model structure for calibration according to different ground saturation conditions under guidance from inferential statistics. The existing CN model was not statistically significant without calibration. The calibrated model did not rely on the return period data and included rainfall depths less than 25.4 mm to formulate statistically significant urban runoff predictive models, and it derived CN directly. Contrarily, the linear regression runoff model and the asymptotic fitting method failed to model hydrological conditions when runoff coefficient was greater than 50%. Although the land-use and land cover remained the same throughout this study, the calculated CN value of this urban watershed increased from 93.35 to 96.50 as the watershed became more saturated. On average, a 3.4% increase in CN value would affect runoff by 44% (178,000 m3). This proves that the CN value cannot be selected according to the land-use and land cover of the watershed only. Urban flash flood modelling should be formulated with rainfall–runoff data pairs with a runoff coefficient > 50%.

Investigating land use and land cover changes in Dublin, Ireland using Satellite Imagery: A comparative analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidroha Basu ◽  
Arunima Sarkar Basu ◽  
Srikanta Sannigrahi ◽  
Francesco Pilla
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Runoff Model ◽  
Over Time

<p>Over the past few decades, there has been over increasing pressure on land due to population growth, urbanization, agriculture expansion and industrialization. The change in land use and land cover (LULC) pattern are highly dependent on human intervention. Deforestation pattern has started due to growth of suburbs, cities, and industrial land. The alarming rate in change of LULC pattern was on a rising trend since 1990s and has been increasing over time. This study focuses on analyzing the changes in LULC pattern in Dublin, Ireland over the past two decades using remotely sensed LANDSAT satellite imagery data, and quantify the effect of LULC change in streamflow simulation in watershed at Dublin by using rainfall-runoff model. Benefit of using remotely sensed image to investigate LULC changes include availability of high-resolution spatial data at free of cost, images captured at high temporal resolution to monitor the changes in LULC during both seasonal and yearly timescale and readily availability of data. The potential classification of landforms has been done by performing both supervised as well as unsupervised classification. The results obtained from the classified images have been compared to google earth images to understand the accuracy of the image classification. The change in LULC can be characterized by changes in building density and urban/artificial area (build up areas increase due to population growth), changes in vegetation area as well as vegetation health, changes in waterbodies and barren land. Furthermore, a set of indices such as vegetation index, building index, water index and drought index were estimated, and their changes were monitored over time. Results of this analysis can be used to understand the driving factors affecting the changes in LULC and to develop mathematical models to predict future changes in landforms. Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) based rainfall-runoff model were used to simulate the changes in runoff due to the LULC changes in watershed over two decades. The developed framework is highly replicable because of the used LANDSAT data and can be applied to generate essential information for conservation and management of green/forest lands, as well as changes in water availability and water stress in the assessed area.</p>

scholarly journals Use of the KINFIL rainfall-runoff model on the Hukava catchment

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
P. Kovář ◽  
V. Kadlec
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Event Duration ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Runoff Model ◽  
Runoff Events ◽  
Small Catchments

The paper reports on the flood events on the forested Hukava catchment. It describes practical implementation of the KINFIL rainfall-runoff model. This model has been used for the reconstruction of the rainfall-runoff events and thus for the calibration of its parameters. The model was subsequently used to simulate the design discharges with an event duration of t<sub>d</sub> = 30, 60, and 300 min in the period of recurrence of 100 years, and during the scenario simulations of the land use change when 40% and 80% of the forest in the catchment had been cleared out and then replaced by permanent grasslands. The implementation of the KINFIL model supported by GIS proved to be a proper method for the flood runoff assessment on small catchments, during which different scenarios of the land use changes were tested.

scholarly journals The role of land use and morphology representation in the setup and calibration of the conceptual TUW model

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012050
Author(s):  
Martiň Kubáň ◽  
Adam Brziak ◽  
Silvia Kohnová
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Model Efficiency ◽  
Model Setup ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Runoff Model

Abstract The processes of the transformation of rainfall to runoff are highly complicated, and the proper characterisation of these processes with conceptual hydrological models is a very challenging task. Morphology and land cover have a significant influence on a river basin’s hydrologic response. Thus, catchment characteristics of the topography and land use play an essential role in parametrising the runoff concentration processes in hydrological models. In the study, our goal was to detect which characteristics and their spatial distribution influence the efficiency of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model efficiency most. The spatially lumped and semi-distributed versions of the TUW conceptual rainfall model, which is an HBV type model, were compared. Both models use the concept of lumped storages associated with the surface and subsurface, interconnected by thresholds and links to simulate the runoff transformation. We focused on two land-use characteristics, the percentage cover of the agricultural land and percentage cover of the forests, and the mean slope of the terrain as a topography characteristic. The differences between runoff model efficiencies both in the calibration and validation periods were evaluated. Based on which version of the model was more effective in the simulation of the runoff, it was detected which types of catchment land use, and morphology were better represented by using the lumped or semi-distributed version of the TUW model, respectively. The analysis aimed to improve the understanding of the influence of spatial representation morphology and land cover in conceptual models on model efficiency and may help to improve model setup and calibration.

scholarly journals A review of regionalisation for continuous streamflow simulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3539-3553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. He ◽  
A. Bárdossy ◽  
E. Zehe
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Streamflow Estimation ◽  
Flood Quantiles ◽  
Streamflow Statistics ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Runoff Model ◽  
Streamflow Simulation

Abstract. Research on regionalisation in hydrology has been constantly advancing due to the need for prediction of streamflow in ungauged catchments. There are two types of studies that use regionalisation techniques for ungauged catchments. One type estimates parameters of streamflow statistics, flood quantiles in most cases. The other type estimates parameters of a rainfall-runoff model for simulating continuous streamflow or estimates continuous streamflow without using a model. Almost all methods applied to the latter can be applied to the former. This paper reviews all methods that are applied to continuous streamflow estimation for ungauged catchments. We divide them into two general categories: (1) distance-based and (2) regression-based. Methods that fall within each category are reviewed first and followed with a discussion on merits or problems associated with these various methods.

scholarly journals Identifying Climate and Human Impact Trends in Streamflow: A Case Study in Uruguay

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Navas ◽  
Jimena Alonso ◽  
Angela Gorgoglione ◽  
R. Willem Vervoort
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Effects Of Land Use ◽  
Runoff Model

Land use change is an important driver of trends in streamflow. However, the effects are often difficult to disentangle from climate effects. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that trends in streamflow can be identified by analysing residuals of rainfall-runoff simulations using a Generalized Additive Mixed Model. This assumes that the rainfall-runoff model removes the average climate forcing from streamflow. The case study involves the Santa Lucía river (Uruguay), the GR4J rainfall-runoff model, three nested catchments ranging from 690 to 4900 km 2 and 35 years of observations (1981–2016). Two exogenous variables were considered to influence the streamflow. Using satellite data, growth in forest cover was identified, while the growth in water licenses was obtained from the water authority. Depending on the catchment, effects of land use change differ, with the largest catchment most impacted by afforestation, while the middle size catchment was more influenced by the growth in water licenses.

scholarly journals A comparative flood damage and risk impact assessment of land use changes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Gabriels ◽  
Patrick Willems ◽  
Jos Van Orshoven
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model

Abstract. Sustainable flood risk management encompasses the implementation of nature-based solutions to mitigate flood risk. These measures include the establishment of land use types with a high (e.g. forest patches) or low (e.g. sealed surfaces) water retention and infiltration capacity at strategic locations in the catchment. This paper presents an approach for assessing the relative impact of such land use changes on economic flood damages and associated risk. This spatially explicit approach integrates a reference situation, a flood damage model and a rainfall-runoff model, considering runoff re-infiltration and propagation, to determine relative flood risk mitigation or increment related to the implementation of land use change scenarios. The applicability of the framework is illustrated for a 4800 ha undulating catchment in the region of Flanders, Belgium by assessing afforestation of 187.5 ha (3.9 %), located mainly in the valleys, and sealing of 187.5 ha, situated mainly at higher elevations. These scenarios result in a risk reduction of 57 % (100 856 €) for the afforestation scenario and a risk increment of

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