scholarly journals Investigation the combined effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and alcohol-diesel blends in improvement of NOX-PM Trade-off in compression ignition (CI) diesel engine

2022 ◽  
Vol 961 (1) ◽  
pp. 012048
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Fayad ◽  
Ali Ooda Abd ◽  
Miqdam T. Chaichan ◽  
Hayder A. Dhahad ◽  
Amged Al Ezzi
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Abstract The increasing demand to decrease the greenhouse gas emissions leads to find clean fuel and renewable fuel such as ethanol and methanol that good replacement of oil-derived transportation fuels. The combined effects of alcohols blends (ethanol-diesel and methanol-diesel) and with and without EGR on NOX-PM Trade-off in diesel engine were investigated under variable engine loads and speeds. The EGR is considered efficient technology to reduce the NOX emissions in compression ignition (CI) diesel engines. The current study highlighted on the trade-off between nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM). The oxygenating content in the ethanol blend (E10) and methanol blend (M10) decrease the PM concentrations in the exhaust pipe compared to the diesel fuel for different engine operating conditions with keep NOX emissions in the moderate level. It was found that the NOX/PM concentrations significantly decreased from the combustion of E10 and M10 under variable engine loads and speeds.

scholarly journals Emission Characteristics under Diesel and Biodiesel Fueled Compression Ignition Engine with Various Injector Holes and EGR Conditions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2973
Author(s):  
Taejung Kim ◽  
Jungsoo Park ◽  
Honghyun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Conventional Rail ◽  
Gas Recirculation

The combustion performance of a conventional rail diesel engine was investigated by measuring the exhaust gas with the respect to the number of injector holes, fuel type, and the use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), to provide a detailed reduction of environmental pollutants. It was found that a six- or seven-hole injector was more effective than a five-hole injector for reducing the exhaust gas. In addition, the mixing of 20% biodiesel oil with diesel most effectively reduced the HC and NOx contents. The technology generally reduced the NOx and CO contents of the exhaust, but had no significant effect on the HC and CO2 contents.

scholarly journals Cyclic NO2:NOx ratio from a diesel engine undergoing transient load steps

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
FCP Leach ◽  
MH Davy ◽  
MS Peckham
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Work Cycle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Aftertreatment Systems

As the control of real driving emissions continues to increase in importance, the importance of understanding emission formation mechanisms during engine transients similarly increases. Knowledge of the NO2/NOx ratio emitted from a diesel engine is necessary, particularly for ensuring optimum performance of NOx aftertreatment systems. In this work, cycle-to-cycle NO and NOx emissions have been measured using a Cambustion CLD500, and the cyclic NO2/NOx ratio calculated as a high-speed light-duty diesel engine undergoes transient steps in load, while all other engine parameters are held constant across a wide range of operating conditions with and without exhaust gas recirculation. The results show that changes in NO and NOx, and hence NO2/NOx ratio, are instantaneous upon a step change in engine load. NO2/NOx ratios have been observed in line with previously reported results, although at the lightest engine loads and at high levels of exhaust gas recirculation, higher levels of NO2 than have been previously reported in the literature are observed.

Low-sooting combustion in a small-bore high-speed direct-injection diesel engine using narrow-angle injectors

2008 ◽  
Vol 222 (10) ◽  
pp. 1927-1937 ◽  
Author(s):  
T-G Fang ◽  
R E Coverdill ◽  
C-F F Lee ◽  
R A White
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Injection Angle ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Flame

An optically accessible high-speed direct-injection diesel engine was used to study the effects of injection angles on low-sooting combustion. A digital high-speed camera was employed to capture the entire cycle combustion and spray evolution processes under seven operating conditions including post-top-dead centre (TDC) injection and pre-TDC injection strategies. The nitrogen oxide (NO x) emissions were also measured in the exhaust pipe. In-cylinder pressure data and heat release rate calculations were conducted. All the cases show premixed combustion features. For post-TDC injection cases, a large amount of fuel deposition is seen for a narrower-injection-angle tip, i.e. the 70° tip, and ignition is observed near the injector tip in the centre of the bowl, while for a wider-injection-angle tip, namely a 110° tip, ignition occurs near the spray tip in the vicinity of the bowl wall. The combustion flame is near the bowl wall and at the central region of the bowl for the 70° tip. However, the flame is more distributed and centralized for the 110° tip. Longer spray penetration is found for the pre-TDC injection timing cases. Liquid fuel impinges on the bowl wall or on the piston top and a fuel film is formed. Ignition for all the pre-TDC injection cases occur in a distributed way in the piston bowl. Two different combustion modes are observed for the pre-TDC injection cases including a homogeneous bulky combustion flame at earlier crank angles and a heterogeneous film combustion mode with luminous sooting flame at later crank angles. In terms of soot emissions, NO x emissions, and fuel efficiency, results show that the late post-TDC injection strategy gives the best performance.

Effects of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Particulate Morphology from a Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 926-930
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiao Dong Wang ◽  
Rui Sun ◽  
Jian Wei Sun ◽  
Wei Han
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Aggregate Particle ◽  
Gas Recirculation

The effects of EGR operating mode on particulate morphology were investigated for a 5.79-liter diesel engine which was equipped with a turbocharged and inter-cooled air induction system, a common-rail direct fuel injection system, and an EGR system. Morphological characteristics, such as primary particle size, number concentration and aggregate particle size were investigated by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and a electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI) under engine operating conditions of 0.41 in fuel/air ratio at different exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate from 0～35%. The experimental results indicated that primary particle were in the range of 17.05nm～18.34nm, which increased with increased EGR rate. As EGR rate increased, aggregate particle size were measured in a narrow range from 120nm to 170nm.

Evaluation of the Integral toxicity of Exhaust Gases of a Diesel Engine Operating on Natural Gas and Alcohol Emulsions

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Likhanov ◽  
O.P. Lopatin
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Total Hydrocarbons ◽  
Weight Coefficients

The results of studies of the integral toxicity of exhaust gases of a diesel engine operating on natural gas and alcohol emulsions are presented. At the same time, the regimes characterizing the specific toxicity of a diesel engine under its operating conditions were determined, and emissions of toxic components on these regimes were determined taking into account their weight coefficients. The results of research specific toxic diesel exhaust toxicity indicators, in accordance with the requirements of UNECE Regulation No. 49, show that when a diesel engine operates on natural gas with exhaust gas recirculation and an ethanol-fuel emulsion, the content of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO) in the exhaust gases conforms to "EURO 3", particulate matter – "EURO 5", total hydrocarbons (CHx) – "EURO 2". When the diesel engine is running on a methanol-fuel emulsion, the content of NOx, СНx and CO in the exhaust gases complies with the standards "EURO 3", particulate matter – "EURO 5".

Effects of dual biofuel approach for total elimination of diesel on injection system by reciprocatory friction monitor

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 1068-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramvir Singh ◽  
Varun Goel ◽  
SR Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Elimination

Biodiesel is a promising fuel which shows potential and gradually received attention as a best alternate feedstock for diesel engine. Previous investigations have shown that use of double biofuels in a diesel engine can be a promising aspect for complete elimination of diesel from compression ignition engines which will decrease our dependency on fossil fuels. The tribological performance of injection system is primarily based on the lubricity characteristics of the fuel. So, it is imperative to a more diversified research about the impact of using double biofuels in engine. In the present investigation, different biodiesel-oil blends were investigated using the ASTM D6079 by the reciprocatory friction monitor. The effect of temperature variation on lubricity characteristics was also studied. The biodiesel-oil blends shows improvement in results as compared to diesel. Biodiesel is prone to oxidation due to availability of unsaturation in their moieties. The effects of oxidation on lubricity characteristics were also studied. It was also found that the operating conditions collectively affected the lubricity characteristics of tested feedstocks.

Investigation and Optimization of Diesel Engine Outputs under Undi Biodiesel-Diesel Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Pravin Ashok Madane ◽  
Subrata Bhowmik ◽  
Rajsekhar Panua ◽  
P. Sandeep Varma ◽  
Abhishek Paul
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbon ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The present investigation accentuates the impact of Undi biodiesel blended Diesel on combustion, performance, and exhaust fume profiles of a single-cylinder, four-stroke Diesel engine. Five Undi biodiesel-Diesel blends were prepared and tested at four variable loads over a constant speed of 1500 (±10) rpm. The Undi biodiesel incorporation to Diesel notably improves the in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate of the engine. The higher amount of Undi biodiesel addition enhances the brake thermal efficiency and brake specific energy consumption of the engine. In addition, the Undi biodiesel facilitates to reduce the major pollutants, such as brake specific unburned hydrocarbon, brake specific carbon monoxide, and brake specific particulate matter emissions with slightly higher brake specific oxides of nitrogen emissions of the engine. To this end, a trade-off study was introduced to locate the favorable Diesel engine operating conditions under Undi biodiesel-Diesel strategies. The optimal Diesel engine outputs were found to be 32.65% of brake thermal efficiency, 1.21 g/kWh of brake specific cumulated oxides of nitrogen and unburned hydrocarbon, 0.94 g/kWh of brake specific carbon monoxide, and 0.32 g/kWh of brake specific particulate matter for 50% (by volume) Undi biodiesel share blend at 5.6 bar brake mean effective pressure with a relative closeness value of 0.978, which brings up the pertinence of the trade-off study in Diesel engine platforms.

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