scholarly journals Lime-based mortars with various binder composition: characterization and freeze-thaw resistance assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 1205 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
D Janotova ◽  
Z Slizkova
Keyword(s):  
Outer Part ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Binder Component ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Binder Composition ◽  
Mixing Water

Abstract The study focused on lime mortars with different lime binder types regarding the frost attack effects on their microstructure and mechanical characteristics. The performances of studied mortars in hardened state was significantly influenced by the amount of mixing water and by curing conditions. Inhomogeneous microstructure was observed inside the 360 days old specimens with dimensions 40 × 40 × 160 mm in the case of all lime mortars types. The different state of the binder hardening with respect to various distances from the specimen surface and the different behaviour of matured outer part and immature inner part of lime mortar specimens influenced performed tests and reflected in all results. After 10 and 20 freeze cycles, respectively, the compressive strength of all lime mortar specimens with the hydraulic binder component increased, indicating a beneficial effect of the water on the hydration previously unreacted hydraulic binders. On the other hand, the flexural strength of the frost-aged specimens decreased significantly, indicating the drastic procedure of the test performed concerning lime mortars characteristics, especially when the pure air lime binder was used. Improvement of the testing procedure especially for lime mortars, which are characterized by slow hardening, was recommended.

Performance of Lime-Metakaolin Pastes and Mortars in Two Curing Conditions Containing Kaolin Wastes

2015 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
pp. 419-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Figueirêdo Nóbrega de Azerêdo ◽  
Givanildo Azeredo ◽  
Arnaldo Manoel Pereira Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
Moist Environment ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Hydrated Products ◽  
Hardened Properties

Many works have shown that metakaolin is very good pozzolanic material for using in lime mortars and Portland cement mortars. Alternatively, many studies also have shown that kaolin wastes, after some treatment, can become a high quality pozzolans. Most of these studies have discussed about the microstructural characteristics and hardened properties of pastes, mortars or concretes mixes containing metakaolin or kaolin wastes cured in moist environment. In this work pastes and mortars made of metakaolin and hydrated lime (L-MK), which the metakaolin was obtained from the kaolin production waste, were assessed in their hardened state. Two curing conditions were considered: dry and moist environment; and three ages of curing (28, 90 and 180 days) were studied. Pastes were assessed by XRD and TG/DTG. In pastes according to the XRD and TG/DTG results, the main hydrated products found were strätlingite, in moist curing, and monocarboaluminate, in dry curing. Properties like flexural and compressive strengths, water absorbed capillarity and loss mass variation were studied in mortars. The results showed that mortars in dry curing presented lower strengths than one in moist curing. In moist curing mortars presented compressive strength values around 12 MPa and in dry curing this value reached 6 MPa. This fact indicate that the strätlingite maybe is responsible for the high strengths in mortars in moist curing when compares with the strengths of mortars cured in dry environment. Further the results showed that mortars in dry curing presented higher water absorbed and mass loss variation than mortars in moist curing.

scholarly journals Historic Lime-Mortar 14C Dating of Santa María La Real (Zarautz, Northern Spain): Extraction of Suitable Grain Size for Reliable 14C Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Luis Angel Ortega ◽  
Maria Cruz Zuluaga ◽  
Ainhoa Alonso-Olazabal ◽  
Xabier Murelaga ◽  
Maite Insausti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Slaked Lime ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Detrital Carbonate

This paper describes a method for effective separation of the pure binder fraction of lime mortars for reliable radiocarbon dating. The methodology allows removal of the detrital carbonate fraction and the unburnt limestone particles, obtaining particles of under 1 μm. The extracted fraction ensured that all carbonate has been generated by slaked lime carbonation. Consequently, the measured carbon corresponds to atmospheric carbon. The proposed method allows to obtain pure datable binder, simplifying considerably the performance of radiometric measurements because dating other grain-size fraction is unnecessary. In order to prove the effectiveness of binder refining, the extraction method has been applied to 5 lime mortars of different archaeological periods from the perimeter walls of Santa María la Real parish church (Zarautz, northern Spain).

Fresh and hardened state behaviour of aerial lime mortars with superplasticizer

2019 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 1127-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Silva ◽  
Ana Paula Ferreira Pinto ◽  
Augusto Gomes ◽  
António Candeias
Keyword(s):  
Lime Mortars ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Hardened State

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of CO2 Uptake and Mechanical Properties of Air Lime-Based Materials

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hoon Kang ◽  
Yang-Hee Kwon ◽  
Juhyuk Moon
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Carbonation Reaction ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
Curing Conditions

In the cement industry, utilization of a sustainable binder that has a lower energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission than Portland cement is becoming increasingly important. Air lime is a binder that hardens by absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere, and its raw material, hydrated lime, is manufactured at a lower temperature (around 900 °C) than cement (around 1450 °C). In this study, the amount and rate of CO2 uptake by air lime-based materials are quantitatively evaluated under ambient curing conditions of 20 °C, 60% relative humidity, and 0.04% CO2 concentration. In addition, the effects of the water-to-binder ratio (w/b) and silica fume addition on the material properties of the air lime mortar, such as strength, weight change, carbonation depth, and pore structure, are investigated. Unlike hydraulic materials, such as Portland cement, the air lime mortar did not set and harden under a sealed curing condition, however, once exposed to dry air, the mortar began to harden by absorbing CO2. During the first week, most of the internal water evaporated, thus, the mortar weight was greatly reduced. After that, however, both the weight and the compressive strength consistently increased for at least 180 days due to the carbonation reaction. Based on the 91-day properties, replacing 10% of hydrated lime with silica fume improved the compressive and flexural strengths by 27% and 13% respectively, whereas increasing the w/b from 0.4 to 0.6 decreased both strengths by 29% due to the increased volume of the capillary pores. The addition of silica fume and the change in the w/b had no significant impact on the amount of CO2 uptake, but these two factors were effective in accelerating the CO2 uptake rate before 28 days. Lastly, the air lime-based material was evaluated to be capable of recovering half of the emitted CO2 during the manufacture of hydrated lime within 3 months.

Manufacture of Lime Mortars for Restoration with Addition of Polyamide Powder Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 532-537
Author(s):  
J. Garabito ◽  
A. Rodríguez ◽  
S. Gutierrez ◽  
V. Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
Hydrophobic Behavior ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
Polyamide Powder

We use lime mortar in historic building’s interventions instead of cement mortars, due to its better compatibility with the masonry walls. The objective of the present research is to examine the behavior of a traditional lime mortar by the addition of polyamide powder waste. In certain circumstances we need to improve the mortar properties, such as increasing its impermeability while maintaining its breathability. This happens when we need to coat the filling of a stone wall that has been exposed to the outside. First of all we study the properties of a traditional lime mortar, as a reference. Then we replace aggregates using polyamide powder waste with different dosages. Subsequently we carry out some studies on the resulting mortars, through a series of tests, such as water vapour permeability and water absorption capacity through capillarity. Finally we check if the hydrophobic behavior improves, while maintaining the capacity of vapour transpiration.

scholarly journals Lime based Dry Mixes with Carbonate Aggregates

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3289-3292 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Quarry Dust

The use of carbonate rocks as aggregates for cement concretes and mortars is limited due to their insufficient strength and the threat of corrosion. The use of quarry dust from crushing carbonate rocks are technically and economically feasible in building compositions based on air-hardening lime. The results of the study of the effect of replacing a part of quartz sand in lime mortar by limestone and dolomite fine aggregates on the basic physical and mechanical properties of lime mortars for restoration are presented in the paper. The matrix of planning experiments, which allows increasing the informativity of the research results in order to reduce the number of experiments in the search for optimal values, is proposed. The efficiency of replacement of the quartz sand with quarry dust of carbonate rocks in the production of dry mixes for restoration is shown.

Debinding Process of a Starch-Based Binder in Metal Injection Moulding

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 248-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooman Abolhasani ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Binder Component ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Binder Composition ◽  
Bar Test ◽  
Debinding Process

In this study, a combination of starch, glycerol, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and other additives was utilized as the binder composition. The effect of different parameters such as thickness, temperature and time on debinding process of green parts was investigated. Discs of different thicknesses consisting of 2, 2.7 and 3 mm were submitted to the water bath in order to obtain curves of time versus remaining mass of binder. Moreover, the injected tensile bar test specimens was utilized to observe specially the effect of temperature on rate of binder extraction from the green parts. The experiments were conducted at three sets of temperatures including 70, 80 and 90°C. The rate of binder removing considerably increased by decreasing the thickness of the discs. On the other hand, proportion of removed binder in injected tensile bar specimens increased in higher temperatures. The debinding process was successfully performed on injected tensile bars and the components did not suffer from any cracks and swellings. Moreover, the results show that more than 80% of the binder system can be extracted in 6 hours, which is in the acceptable time range. The investigation confirms that from the viewpoint of debinding, starch has a good potential as a binder component in MIM process.

Reactivity of Brick Powder in Lime Mortars

2014 ◽  
Vol 897 ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Navrátilová ◽  
Pavla Rovnaníková
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pozzolanic Activity ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Brick Powder ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
Hardened State

The article deals with the assessment of three brick powders. Their properties are evaluated on the basis of their pozzolanic activity, specific surface area and amorphous area. The brick powders were used in amounts of 20 and 40% as a substitute for binder in lime mortars. The influence of the powders on the properties of the modified plasters in a hardened state was evaluated via the determination of strength characteristics. It was found that not all brick powders are suitable for use in modified lime mortars.

scholarly journals Mine Tailings Geopolymers as a Waste Management Solution for A More Sustainable Habitat

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Paiva ◽  
Juho Yliniemi ◽  
Mirja Illikainen ◽  
Fernando Rocha ◽  
Victor Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Mine Tailing ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Waste Valorisation ◽  
Binder Type ◽  
Hardened State

The demand for low environmental impact of materials in our habitat is one of the current societal challenges. Along with other solutions of waste valorisation, alkali activation as geopolymers can be one possible solution of waste valorisation because they may allow, for instance, an alternative solution for cement-based materials in some applications and it is one contribution for circular economy. This work has focused on the development and processing of geopolymers that incorporates as a fine aggregate a high-sulfidic mining waste (mine tailing), a difficult waste to process. Rheology analysis was applied as an important step to understand not only the geopolymers behaviour but also its transition from the fresh to the hardened state. The effect of precursor binder type (metakaolin or blast furnace slag), of mine tailing content and also the effect of temperature and curing conditions of different formulations were studied in this solution. It was possible to conclude that although this particular mine tailing is not a geopolymer binder precursor, it may be incorporated as an alternative fine aggregate in construction products. Furthermore, rheology could be used to follow up the geopolymer alkali-activation process and even to setup proper curing conditions and components contents in order to optimize the final mechanical strength of this material as a waste management solution. The final properties of these geopolymers compositions were adequate and after 28 days of curing, these geopolymers exhibit significant chemical resistance under severe test conditions.

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