scholarly journals Challenges and opportunities for semiconductor and electronic design automation industry in post-Covid-19 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 1208 (1) ◽  
pp. 012036
Author(s):  
Galia I Marinova ◽  
Aida K Bitri
Keyword(s):  
Design Automation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Bullwhip Effect ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Abstract The coronavirus pandemic found the semiconductor industry and the chip production supply chain ecosystem unprepared. Companies and main actors in the sector could not read the signs. The decision-makers suffered to deal with the challenges in time and take the right actions. The bullwhip effect caused by the COVID-19 destabilized the operations and some of the experts say that these problems might last and on the other side, this might open doors to innovative solutions that might change the game. The global shutdowns, the misread of the demand for electronics, underestimating customers’ demand for the automotive sector, and the Internet of Things in general, were some of the main problems causing chaos in the industry. The paper studies the state-of-the-art and the solutions offered by the semiconductor industry and by the initiatives that Europe, the USA, and especially China, took to make companies and their countries take the most out of this situation.

Decision Making Support Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 392-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guisseppi A. Forgionne ◽  
Jatinder N.D. Gupta ◽  
Manuel Mora
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Organizational Benefits ◽  
New Information ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Decision Making Support

Previous chapters have described the state of the art in decision making support systems (DMSS). This chapter synthesizes the views of leading scientists concerning the achievements of DMSS and the future challenges and opportunities. According to the experts, DMSS will be technologically more integrated, offer broader and deeper support for decision making, and provide a much wider array of applications. In the process, new information and computer technologies will be necessitated, the decision makers’ jobs will change, and new organizational structures will emerge to meet the changes. The changes will not occur without displacements of old technologies and old work paradigms. In particular, there will be an evolution toward team-based decision making paradigms. Although the evolution can require significant investments, the organizational benefits from successful DMSS deployments can be significant and substantial. Researchers and practitioners are encouraged to collaborate in their effort to further enhance the theoretical and pragmatic developments of DMSS.

scholarly journals Investigation of challenges and opportunities for the adoption of cloud-based Internet of things (IoT) in Australian agricultural SME

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitirajsingh Sandu ◽  
Ergun Gide
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Cloud Systems ◽  
Keywords Internet ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Internet Of Things

  Increasing adoption of the Internet of things (IoT) is bringing revolutionary changes in the agricultural, manufacturing, retailing and finance industries, as they improve the existing business processes and reduce cost. IoT is seen as a powerful tool for agricultural SMEs in Australia, with the potential to transform farming and food production into a smart web of interconnected objects and, thus, improve the general productivity and sustainability of the food chain. However, as some of the innovative solutions may need to store the data locally on the device, and mostly on the cloud, it raises serious privacy and regulatory concerns. This paper used a pilot online survey to investigate the challenges and opportunities for adoption of IoT for Australian SMEs in agriculture and it is expected that it will help application and solution providers to address any issues that may arise in the Australian scenario.   Keywords: Internet of things, cloud systems, small-to-medium enterprises, adoption issue, agriculture, Australia.

scholarly journals Water-Energy-Food Nexus Approach: Motivations, Challenges and Opportunities in Algeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Integrated Planning ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Right ◽  
Holistic Vision

water energy food nexus (WEF) originates in the interconnections between the three resources as they are significant input for the production of each other and have major impacts on each other when mobilized and or utilized, conditioning the requirement of intertwined management and sustainability for all (fig.1). Therefore, the solutions for water, energy and food security problems are beyond the single-minded technical approach that mainly focuses on technology. The Nexus approach integrates management and governance across sectors and scales, with the aim of achieving water security, sustainable energy and food security to reduce hunger and poverty, and improve livelihoods. It is about governance within the three sectors and other relevant ones. It entails collaboration and coordination amongst the relevant sectors through the adoption of a holistic vision and integrated planning manners. This allows decision makers to develop the right strategies and plans that contribute to the achievement of sustainable development, maximize the benefits of the investments and ensure resources sustainability.

Challenge-Based Acquisition: Stimulating Innovative Solutions Faster and Cheaper by Asking the Right Questions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Weatherly ◽  
Virginia Wydler ◽  
Matthew D. Way ◽  
Scott Anderson ◽  
Michael Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
The Right

Trial by Triad: substituted judgment, mental illness and the right to die

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2020-107154
Author(s):  
Jacob M Appel
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Substituted Judgment ◽  
Diminished Capacity ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Aid In Dying ◽  
Incapacitated Patients ◽  
The Right

Substituted judgment has increasingly become the accepted standard for rendering decisions for incapacitated adults in the USA. A broad exception exists with regard to patients with diminished capacity secondary to depressive disorders, as such patients’ previous wishes are generally not honoured when seeking to turn down life-preserving care or pursue aid-in-dying. The result is that physicians often force involuntary treatment on patients with poor medical prognoses and/or low quality of life (PMP/LQL) as a result of their depressive symptoms when similarly situated incapacitated patients without such depressive symptoms would have their previous wishes honoured via substituted judgment. This commentary argues for reconsidering this approach and for using a substituted judgment standard for a subset of EMP/LQL patients seeking death.

scholarly journals Environmental governance: Broadening ontological spaces for a more livable world

2021 ◽  
pp. 251484862110185
Author(s):  
Walker DePuy ◽  
Jacob Weger ◽  
Katie Foster ◽  
Anya M Bonanno ◽  
Suneel Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Ontological Pluralism ◽  
Cognitive Justice ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
United Nations Declaration ◽  
The Right ◽  
Land Water

This paper contributes to global debates on environmental governance by drawing on recent ontological scholarship to ask: What would it mean to ontologically engage the concept of environmental governance? By examining the ontological underpinnings of three environmental governance domains (land, water, biodiversity), we find that dominant contemporary environmental governance concepts and policy instruments are grounded in a modernist ontology which actively shapes the world, making certain aspects and relationships visible while invisibilizing others. We then survey ethnographic and other literature to highlight how such categories and their relations have been conceived otherwise and the implications of breaking out of a modernist ontology for environmental governance. Lastly, we argue that answering our opening question requires confronting the coloniality woven into the environmental governance project and consider how to instead embrace ontological pluralism in practice. In particular, we examine what taking seriously the right to self-determination enshrined in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) could mean for acknowledging Indigenous ontologies as systems of governance in their own right; what challenges and opportunities exist for recognizing and translating ontologies across socio-legal regimes; and how embracing the dynamism and hybridity of ontologies might complicate or advance struggles for material and cognitive justice.

scholarly journals Performance vs. hardware requirements in state-of-the-art automatic speech recognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru-Lucian Georgescu ◽  
Alessandro Pappalardo ◽  
Horia Cucu ◽  
Michaela Blott
Keyword(s):  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Automatic Speech Recognition ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Speech Features ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Guided Tour ◽  
Embedded Applications

AbstractThe last decade brought significant advances in automatic speech recognition (ASR) thanks to the evolution of deep learning methods. ASR systems evolved from pipeline-based systems, that modeled hand-crafted speech features with probabilistic frameworks and generated phone posteriors, to end-to-end (E2E) systems, that translate the raw waveform directly into words using one deep neural network (DNN). The transcription accuracy greatly increased, leading to ASR technology being integrated into many commercial applications. However, few of the existing ASR technologies are suitable for integration in embedded applications, due to their hard constrains related to computing power and memory usage. This overview paper serves as a guided tour through the recent literature on speech recognition and compares the most popular ASR implementations. The comparison emphasizes the trade-off between ASR performance and hardware requirements, to further serve decision makers in choosing the system which fits best their embedded application. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide this kind of trade-off analysis for state-of-the-art ASR systems.

scholarly journals Image Restoration by Learning Morphological Opening-Closing Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-107
Author(s):  
Ranjan Mondal ◽  
Moni Shankar Dey ◽  
Bhabatosh Chanda
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Image Restoration ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Main Difficulty ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Order ◽  
Morphological Opening

AbstractMathematical morphology is a powerful tool for image processing tasks. The main difficulty in designing mathematical morphological algorithm is deciding the order of operators/filters and the corresponding structuring elements (SEs). In this work, we develop morphological network composed of alternate sequences of dilation and erosion layers, which depending on learned SEs, may form opening or closing layers. These layers in the right order along with linear combination (of their outputs) are useful in extracting image features and processing them. Structuring elements in the network are learned by back-propagation method guided by minimization of the loss function. Efficacy of the proposed network is established by applying it to two interesting image restoration problems, namely de-raining and de-hazing. Results are comparable to that of many state-of-the-art algorithms for most of the images. It is also worth mentioning that the number of network parameters to handle is much less than that of popular convolutional neural network for similar tasks. The source code can be found here https://github.com/ranjanZ/Mophological-Opening-Closing-Net

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