scholarly journals The possibility of using DES based on polypropylene glycol 425 and tetrabuthylammonium bromide in the extraction processes of transition metals

2022 ◽  
Vol 1212 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
A Y Fedorov ◽  
A V Levina
Keyword(s):  
Tetrabutylammonium Bromide ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Extraction Processes

Abstract Traditionally, the method of liquid extraction is used to extract metals from aqueous. This work is devoted to the combination of perspective alternative for hazardous solvents (aqueous two-phase systems based on water-soluble polymers) and the novel deep eutectic solvents in the non-ferrous metals extraction processes. In this work, the synthesis of deep eutectic solvent based on a water-soluble polymer (PPG-425) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) by stirring for 10 minutes at 80° C has been shown. The obtained results showed not only the possibility of using DES in the metal extraction process, but the selectivity to the Fe(III) and Zn(III), the distribution coefficients were 71.64 and 25.17 respectively. The metal concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically using 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol. This work shows the perspectives of using DESs in the metal extraction processes.

scholarly journals Cd(II) extraction in PEG(1550)-(NH4)2SO4 aqueous two-phase systems using halide extractants

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Bulgariu ◽  
Dumitru Bulgariu
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Halide Ions ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Systems ◽  
Phase Systems ◽  
Poly Ethylene

The extraction of Cd(II) was studied in an aqueous PEG-(NH4)2SO4 two-phase system, formed from a water-soluble polymer (poly(ethylene glycol), PEG) and an inorganic salt ((NH4)2SO4), in the presence of halide ions. In the absence of a suitable extracting agent, Cd(II) remains predominantly in the salt-rich phase of the extraction system. By addition of halide ions as extractants, Cd(II) is extracted into the PEG-rich phase due to the formation of cadmium halide species. The efficiency of the extractants increased in the order: Cl- < Br- < I-. From the distribution coefficients determined as a function of the concentration of the halide ions, the compositions of the extracted species were assumed and the "conditional" extractions constants calculated. The experimental results indicate that the extractability of Cd(II) in such extraction systems depends on the type of Cd(II) halide species (which is mainly determined by the acidity of salt stock solution) and of their stability.

scholarly journals The interphase distribution of light REE Ce(III) and La(III) in system based on PEG-1500 – NaNO3 – H2O with the quaternary ammonium base addition

2022 ◽  
Vol 1212 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
A V Levina ◽  
A Ya Fedorov ◽  
M I Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Base ◽  
Promising Alternative

Abstract The problem of e-waste processing and recovery of valuable metals from such waste for the second use is attracting more and more scientists’ attention. Liquid extraction as one of hydrometallurgy steps is a traditional method for the metal recovery. However, application of solvent extraction is not meet the green chemistry principles due to organic solvents. Aqueous two-phase systems based on water-soluble polymers are promising alternative for hazardous organic solvents. In this work the dependencies of Ce(III) and La(III) distribution coefficients from process time and the initial quaternary ammonium base concentration have been achieved. Also, based on the Ce(III) and La(III) extraction isotherms it has been shown that the metals initial concentrations are highly affects the distribution coefficients of studied metals. The possibility of aqueous two-phase system application as a solvent for quaternary ammonium salt for light REE (Ce(III) and La(III)) extraction from water solution has been shown.

scholarly journals Synthesis and study of the extraction properties ofnew phosphorus-containing extractants of heavy metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
G K. Bishimbayeva ◽  
A. M. Nalibayeva ◽  
S. A. Saidullayeva ◽  
A. K. Zhanabaeva ◽  
A. Bold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Extraction Properties ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Solutions

Abstract: The metallurgical industry is one of the cornerstones of contemporary chemical science and industry and it is developing rapidly in many countries. The widespread introduction of metal extraction, concentration and separation as the most productive methods entails the need to search for and create new effective metal extractants. Among the compounds, suitable for use as extractants, the most widespread are organic phosphites and phosphates, which allow performing extraction processes with good selectivity and efficiency. The purposes of this article include finalizing the optimal synthesis conditions and developing larger batches of 4,5-dimethyl-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane and 5,5-dimethyl-2-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5- octafluoropentoxy)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane, and study of the extraction properties of the obtained phosphorus- containing heterocyclic compounds in the separation of uranium from the commercial desorbate. The synthesis of new representatives of the indicated polyfluoroalkylated five- and six-membered heterocyclic phosphorus compounds was conducted using the interaction of 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane with trifluoroethanol and the substitution–cyclization reaction of polyfluoroalkylated dichlorophosphite with 2,2-dimethyl- 1,3-propanediol. Reactions easily proceed in triethylamine–hexane or pyridine–diethyl ether systems at temperatures ranging between minus ten to room temperature, with the output of target heterocycles of 53–57%. The studies of extraction properties of synthesized poly-fluorinealkylated dioxaphospholane and dioxaphosphorinane show that the use of these phosphorus-containing heterocyclic compounds as extractants allows extracting a technically valuable metal up to 12.4 and 15.2%, respectively. Nitric and sulfuric acid solutions of commercial desorbate of hydrometallurgical production in Kazakhstan were used as feedstock in the extraction process.

Room Temperature Ionic Liquids as Novel Media for Zn Ions Extraction from Aqueous Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia E. Hernández Cruz ◽  
Felipe Legorreta García ◽  
Ana M. Herrera González
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Zn Ions

ABSTRACTWastewaters often contain offensive cations. Because of their high affinity for water, it is difficult to remove those using conventional solvents for liquid- liquid extraction [1]. Hydrophobic ionic liquids may provide a useful extraction process. Because the properties of ionic liquids are turnable, it may be possible to identify some ionic liquids that have low viscosity, very low solubility in water, and high affinity for select metal ions [2]. In this sense in this work liquid- liquid extraction of dilute Zn ions from water was performed near room temperature with two ionic liquids (IL). Distribution coefficients are reported for Zn ions extracted with bromide 1-hexyl-pyridinium and bromide 1-octyl-pyridinium diluted in decanol. The extraction has been studied, and these confirmed that the metal extraction proceeds via a cation – exchange mechanism. Furthermore, stripping of Zn (II) from ILs into an aqueous phase by sulfuric acid (1 M) and recycling of the extracting ILs phase was successfully accomplished.

scholarly journals Extraction of pyridine using systems based on water-soluble polymers

2022 ◽  
Vol 1212 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
V O Solovev ◽  
S V Soloveva ◽  
N A Milevsky
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Water Soluble Polymers ◽  
Soluble Polymers

Abstract In the process of using hydrocarbon fractions containing a large amount of nitrogenous compounds, nitrogen oxides are released into the atmospheric air, which have a negative impact on the environment and human health. The traditional cleaning method is treatment with a 25% sulfuric acid solution and subsequent hydrotreating. However, this process becomes disadvantageous due to its inability to achieve ultra-low concentrations of nitrogen-containing compounds (<10 ppm). Extraction using non-toxic and environmentally friendly water-soluble polymers is a promising alternative compared to traditional methods. This work presents the dependence of the interphase distribution of pyridine on the composition of extraction systems based on water-soluble polymers. According to the results of the study, it was found that polyethylene glycol-400, polypropylene glycol-425 and methyl ether of polyethylene glycol-350 exhibit effective extraction properties in relation to pyridine and extract it by 90.95%, 90.33% and 87.82% in one extraction stage, respectively. It was also found that the use of two-phase aqueous systems based on water-soluble polymers in the process of extracting pyridine is promising.

STUDY THE INTERPHASE DISTRIBUTION OF NICOTINIC ACID IN EXTRACTION SYSTEMS BASED ON POLY-N-VINYLFORMAMIDE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Я. МОКШИНА ◽  
О.А. ПАХОМОВА ◽  
И.О. БАКЛАНОВ ◽  
Л.А. МАРЧЕНКО
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Interphase Distribution ◽  
Water Salt

Разработан способ извлечения никотиновой кислоты из водных растворов с применением водорастворимого полимера в качестве экстрагента. Исследовано комплексообразование в экстракционных системах с применением жидкостной экстракции. В качестве экстрагента синтезирован поли-N-винилформамид молекулярной массой 25 ∙ 103 г/моль. Для экстракции никотиновой кислоты применены высаливатели сульфат и хлорид аммония. Рассчитаны коэффициенты распределения – от 36 до 215 и степень извлечения аналита – от 87,8 до 98,8%. Эксперимент проводили при рН 6–7, в этих условиях никотиновая кислота находится в растворе в виде биполярного иона. Методом ИК спектроскопии изучено комплексообразование в экстракционных системах. Установлено, что цвиттер-ионы никотиновой кислоты образуют прочные комплексы с водой. На основании результатов ИК спектроскопии предложен механизм взаимодействия никотиновой кислоты с водой и поли-N-винилформамидом, позволяющий объяснить результаты межфазного распределения витамина в экстракционных системах. Установлены условия, при которых достигается практически полное извлечение никотиновой кислоты: рН водно-солевого раствора 6–7, концентрация полимера 0,2 г/см3 и высаливателя 20% масс. Проведено сравнение экстракционных характеристик, полученных с поли-N-винилформамидом и другими полимерами. Установлено, что применение в качестве экстрагента поли-N-винилформамида обеспечивает практически 99%-е извлечение никотиновой кислоты, что превышает этот показатель по сравнению с другими полимерами до 96% и органическими растворителями до 45%. Определение никотиновой кислоты в водном растворе проведено методами УФ спектрофотометрии по собственному поглощению при 262 нм или капиллярного электрофореза. A method for extracting nicotinic acid from aqueous solutions using a water-soluble polymer as an extractant has been developed. Complex formation in extraction systems using liquid extraction is investigated. Poly-N-vinylformamide with a molecular weight of 25 ∙ 103 g/mol was synthesized as an extractant. For the extraction of nicotinic acid, salting agents (ammonium sulfate and chloride) were used, distribution coefficients and the degree of analyte extraction were calculated. The distribution coefficients – from 36 to 215 and the degree of analyte extraction – from 87,8 to 98,8% were calculated. The experiment was performed at pH 6–7, under these conditions, nicotinic acid is in solution as a bipolar ion. Complex formation in extraction systems has been studied by IR spectroscopy. It was found that the zwitterions of nicotinic acid form strong complexes with water. Based on the results of IR spectroscopy, a mechanism for the interaction of nicotinic acid with water and poly-N-vinylformamide is proposed, which allows us to explain the results of interphase distribution of vitamin in extraction systems. The conditions under which almost complete extraction of nicotinic acid is achieved (the 6–7 pH of the water-salt solution, the polymer concentration are 0,2 g/cm3and the salting agent is 20% by weight) are established. The extraction characteristics obtained with poly-N-vinylformamide and other polymers were compared. It was found that the use of poly-N-vinylformamide as an extractant provides almost 99% recovery of nicotinic acid, which exceeds this indicator in comparison with other polymers by up to 96% and organic solvents by up to 45%. Determination of nicotinic acid in an aqueous solution was performed by UV spectrophotometry based on self-absorption at 262 nm and capillary electrophoresis.

scholarly journals Liquid-liquid extraction of Pt(IV) from hydrochloric acid solutions using PPG 425 – NaCl – H2O system

2022 ◽  
Vol 1212 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
I V Zinov’eva
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Platinum Group Metals ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Solutions

Abstract Today, metal extraction from e-waste is beneficial from both an environmental and economic point of view. Natural resources of metals, especially platinum group metals, are limited. At the same time, the amount of waste containing many valuable elements continues to grow. In this work, we studied the extraction of Pt (IV) from hydrochloric acid solutions using polypropylene glycol 425 (PPG 425). In the course of the experimental work, the dependence of the platinum extraction degree on the influence of hydrochloric acid concentration and medium pH in the polypropylene glycol 425 - sodium chloride - water system have been established. The maximum recovery (distribution coefficient > 3,5) has been achieved in the presence of 2 M HCl in an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), which allows the use of the proposed system for the extraction of platinum from leaching solutions.

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