More general material relations

Author(s):  
Sergey Leble
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Hèctor LÓPEZ BOFILL

LABURPENA: Eskumenak banatzeko sistemari dagokionez, ekainaren 28ko 31/2010 Epaiak, Kataluniako Autonomia Estatutuari buruzkoak, estatutu-arauek Estatuaren eta autonomia erkidegoaren arteko eskumen-egitura modulatzeko aukera bertan behera uzten du, nahiz eta sistema konstituzionalak estatutuen xedapenei nolabaiteko protagonismo teorikoa ematen dien konstituzionaltasunaren blokea egituratzean eta eskumenak hartzean. Hala, 31/2010 Ebazpenak erakusten duenez, Auzitegi Konstituzionalak kategoria orokorren gaineko interpretazioaren monopolioa berresten du, eskumenen definizio funtzionala egiterakoan (egileak eskumen-egituraren «hiperkonstituzionalizazioa» deitzen dio fenomeno horri). Gainera, autonomia erkidegoei aitortutako eskumenen esklusibotasun-kontzeptua lausotzen du, Estatuaren oinarrizko legeriaren kontzeptu orokor material eta formalari uko egiten dio, eta autonomia-erakunde horien eskumen betearazleen irismena mugatzen du. RESUMEN: En lo referido al sistema de distribución de competencias, la Sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional 31/2010, de 28 de junio, sobre el Estatuto de Autonomía de Cataluña, cierra la posibilidad de que las normas estatutarias modulen la estructura competencial entre el Estado y la Comunidad Autónoma pese al teórico protagonismo que el sistema constitucional confiere a las disposiciones estatutarias en la articulación del bloque de la constitucionalidad y en la asunción de competencias. En la doctrina emanada de la resolución 31/2010, el Tribunal Constitucional refuerza su monopolio interpretativo sobre categorías generales en la definición funcional de competencias (la llamada por el autor «hiperconstitucionalización» de la estructura competencial) diluyendo el concepto de exclusividad aplicado a las competencias reconocidas a las Comunidades Autónomas, renunciando a un concepto general material-formal de legislación básica estatal y restringiendo el alcance de las competencias ejecutivas de los mismos entes autonómicos. ABSTRACT: As far as the allocation of powers is concerned, the 31/2010 ruling by the constitutional Court, from June 28th, about the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia, opens the door to the possibility that the Statute norms modulate the competences framework between the State and the Autonomous Community despite the theoretical prominence awarded to the Statute provisions for the articulation of the block of constitutionality and the assumption of competences. As the doctrine from the 31/2010 ruling by the Constitutional Court states, the Constitutional Court enhances its interpretative monopoly on the general categories regarding the functional definition of competences (the so called by the author hiperconstitutionalization of the competences framework) wakening down the concept of exclusivity applied to the competences recognized to the Autonomous Communities, renouncing to a general material-formal concept for the State basic legislation and restricting the scope of the executive competences of the Autonomous entities.


2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Anderson ◽  
A. Warkentin ◽  
R. Bauer

Simulation of deep indentation, and the associated pile-up effects, requires a robust and accurate finite element model capable of naturally handling the large deformations present. This work successfully demonstrates that the Eulerian formulation is capable of accurately reproducing the forces and general material response of deep indentation. It was found that, in the absence of friction, sink-in dominates at indentation depths less than 1.1% of the indenter radius, there is a transition from sink-in to pile-up from 1.1% to 2.3% of the indenter radius, and pile-up is fully developed at indentation depths larger than 13.2% of the indenter radius for the 4340 steel workpiece and the 0.508 mm radius indenter presented in this work. Friction tended to marginally increase the sink-in and transition depths as well as reduce the material height at the onset of fully developed pile-up due to a reduction in the tensile radial strain directly under the indenter.


2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Javier Antonio Cieza ◽  
Alessandra Casillas ◽  
Angella María Da Fieno ◽  
Scarlet Berenice Urtecho

Objetivos: Estudiar la asociación entre el nivel de albúmina sérica y las alteraciones de los electrolitos, gases sanguíneos y compuestos nitrogenados en adultos incidentes del servicio de emergencia de un hospital general. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 275 pacientes que acudieron a la emergencia del Hospital Cayetano Heredia en Lima, Perú entre el 2013 y el 2015 a quienes el médico tratante solicitó al ingreso electrolitos séricos, gases sanguíneos y albúmina sérica. Se contrastó la albúmina como variable ordinal contra los electrolitos, gases arteriales,urea, calcio y fósforo séricos. También se analizó mediante análisis bivariado la albúmina normal (>3,5 g/dl) y la muy baja (<2,5 g/dl) contra la variables antes mencionadas y la existencia de correlación lineal entre los valores numéricos continuos de las diferentes variables con la albúmina sérica. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue 57,72 ± 19,11 años. El 81,5% tuvo algún grado de hipoalbuminemia. Al contrastar la albúmina como variable ordinal, solo se halló asociación significativa con el calcio sérico bajo (p=0,02). Al contrastar la albúmina como variable dicotómica contra las variables enunciadas, se encontró asociación significativa con el calcio bajo (p=0,019; OR=4,73) y la urea elevada (p=0,032; OR=2,96). En el análisis de correlación lineal sólo hubo significancia entre la relación urea/creatinina sérica y la  albuminemia (r=-0,14; p=0,019). Conclusiones: Los trastornos asociados con hipoalbuminemia fueron la hipocalcemia y la uremia. El estudio mostró una frecuencia elevada de pacientes con hipoalbuminemia.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Bashori Bashori

This study aims to investigates the supporting and inhibiting factors in non vowel Islamic’s Kitab Kuning (The Yellow Books) educa- tion at Pesantren Putri al-Ishlahiyyah Singosari. Qualitative research method is used in this study by using descriptive qualitative data. From the analysis, this study finds : 1) The implementation of the education is still in a traditional form, which is, using only pesantren’s material and exclude the public school’s general material in it’s curriculum. Moreover, language learning methods used in Madrasah Diniyah classes consist of enumeration methods ( bandongan ), rote methods ( hafalan ), and assess- ment methods; 2) This study concludes that supporting factors in this pesantren are: educational infrastructure and facilities , interconnected learning materials, highly educated santri and ustadz . Meanwhile, the in- hibiting factors are : less active and motivated students, lack of the in- structional media and related books, the existence of translation books which make students less motivated to learn the non-translated source books, Monotonous teaching methods, and lastly, insufficient duration due to short period and time allocation.


Author(s):  
Victor E. Borisenko ◽  
Andrew B. Filonov
Keyword(s):  

1986 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Dussan V. ◽  
S. H. Davis

An energy stability theory is formulated for systems having moving contact lines. The method derives from criteria obtained from the integral mechanical-energy balance manipulated to reflect general material and dynamical properties of moving-contact-line regions. The method yields conditions for both stability and instability and is applied to the two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor problem in a vertical slot.


Author(s):  
Mathias Wa¨rja ◽  
Pontus Slottner

Maintaining high levels of availability and reliability are essential objectives for many industries, especially those that are subject to high costs due to non-payment as a result of shutdowns of critical systems, e.g. gas turbines. To utilize these systems as effectively as possible, maintenance must be optimized. Though, determining what is optimal is a tough multi-variable task requiring detailed knowledge about components building the system, such as damage mechanisms, TMF/LCF crack initiation and propagation, creep deformation, creep damage, general material deterioration, erosion, oxidation and corrosion. Also, customer specific inputs are essential, e.g. value of the produced entity, fuel prices, unplanned and planned standstill cost. To efficiently funnel this information into a customer adapted, optimized maintenance plan, a probabilistic optimization model is proposed. The model will dynamically calculate the most efficient point in time for a renewal. Further, the model can, as a function of risk willingness, adjust the maintenance plan to any customer’s specific demands. This paper describes (i) the model, (ii) how information is gathered and processed, (iii) how the risk assessment is performed and (iv) how the lifetime prediction is carried out. The optimization itself can be adjusted to aim at: minimizing cost or risk or maximizing availability, performance or reliability. Also, this paper describes how the quantitative selection of critical components included in the optimization is performed.


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