scholarly journals CYP2B6*6 and CYP2B6*18 Predict Long-Term Efavirenz Exposure Measured in Hair Samples in HIV-Positive South African Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola R. Röhrich ◽  
Britt I. Drögemöller ◽  
Ogechi Ikediobi ◽  
Lize van der Merwe ◽  
Nelis Grobbelaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
South African Women

scholarly journals ART Adherence, Resistance, and Long-term HIV Viral Suppression in Postpartum Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D Redd ◽  
Elton Mukonda ◽  
Nai-Chung Hu ◽  
Tamsin K Philips ◽  
Allison Zerbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
South African ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
African Women ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Hiv Viral Suppression ◽  
South African Women ◽  
Routine Antenatal Care

Abstract HIV+ South African women who achieved viral suppression during routine antenatal care, but later experienced a viremic episode (viral load >1000 copies/mL), were examined for presence of antiretrovirals and classified as “nonadherers” or “suboptimal adherers.” Women were tested for drug resistance mutations (DRMs) at several time points and underwent viral load testing 36–60 months postpartum. Suboptimal adherers were more likely to have DRM detected during their viremic episode (P = .03) and at a subsequent viremic time point (P = .05). There was no difference in levels of viral suppression 36–60 months later in women with DRM detected vs women who had no evidence of DRM (P = .5).

scholarly journals Dietary intake and body composition in HIV-positive and -negative South African women

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1603-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie V Wrottesley ◽  
Lisa K Micklesfield ◽  
Matthew M Hamill ◽  
Gail R Goldberg ◽  
Ann Prentice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
South African ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
South African Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Negative

AbstractObjectiveThe present paper examines dietary intake and body composition in antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative South African women, as well as the impact of disease severity on these variables.DesignBaseline data from a longitudinal study assessing bone health in HIV-negative and HIV-positive premenopausal South African women over 18 years of age were used. Anthropometry and body composition, measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, were analysed together with dietary intake data assessed using an interviewer-based quantitative FFQ.SettingSoweto, Johannesburg, South Africa.SubjectsBlack, urban South African women were divided into three groups: (i) HIV-negative (HIV−; n 98); (ii) HIV-positive with preserved CD4 counts (HIV+ non-ARV; n 74); and (iii) HIV-positive with low CD4 counts and due to start ARV treatment (HIV+ pre-ARV; n 75).ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity was high in this population (59 %). The HIV+ pre-ARV group was lighter and had a lower BMI than the other two groups (all P < 0·001). HIV+ pre-ARV women also had lower fat and lean masses and percentage body fat than their HIV− and HIV+ non-ARV counterparts. After adjustment, there were no differences in macronutrient intakes across study groups; however, fat and sugar intakes were high and consumption of predominantly refined food items was common overall.ConclusionHIV-associated immunosuppression may be a key determinant of body composition in HIV-positive women. However, in populations with high obesity prevalence, these differences become evident only at advanced stages of infection.

scholarly journals The Impact of Structured Support Groups for Pregnant South African Women Recently Diagnosed HIV Positive

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Mundell ◽  
Maretha J. Visser ◽  
Jennifer D. Makin ◽  
Trace S. Kershaw ◽  
Brian W. C. Forsyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
South African Women ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals γδ T cell frequencies are altered in HIV positive pregnant South African women and are associated with preterm birth

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0235162
Author(s):  
Charlene Akoto ◽  
Christina Y. S. Chan ◽  
Krithi Ravi ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Manu Vatish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
T Cell ◽  
South African ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Γδ T Cell ◽  
South African Women

scholarly journals Distribution of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Women with Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Ongeziwe Taku ◽  
Zizipho Z. A. Mbulawa ◽  
Keletso Phohlo ◽  
Mirta Garcia-Jardon ◽  
Charles B. Businge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
South African Women ◽  
Hiv Negative

South African women have a high rate of cervical cancer cases, but there are limited data on human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. A total of 193 cervical specimens with confirmed CIN from women aged 18 years or older, recruited from a referral hospital, were tested for HPV infection. The cervical specimens, smeared onto FTA cards, were screened for 36 HPV types using an HPV direct flow kit. HPV prevalence was 93.5% (43/46) in CIN2 and 96.6% (142/147) in CIN3. HIV-positive women had a significantly higher HPV prevalence than HIV-negative women (98.0% vs. 89.1%, p = 0.012). The prevalence of multiple types was significantly higher in HIV-positive than HIV-negative women (p = 0.034). The frequently detected genotypes were HPV35 (23.9%), HPV58 (23.9%), HPV45 (19.6%), and HPV16 (17.3%) in CIN2 cases, while in CIN3, HPV35 (22.5%), HPV16 (21.8%), HPV33 (15.6%), and HPV58 (14.3%) were the most common identified HPV types, independent of HIV status. The prevalence of HPV types targeted by the nonavalent HPV vaccine was 60.9% and 68.7% among women with CIN2 and CIN3, respectively, indicating that vaccination would have an impact both in HIV-negative and HIV-positive South African women, although it will not provide full protection in preventing HPV infection and cervical cancer lesions.

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