Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Dietary Patterns: A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies and Meta-Analysis

Data on biomarkers of vascular injury and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk from prospective studies are lacking. We evaluated seven biomarkers of vascular injury in relation to T2D. Additionally, a meta-analysis was performed. From the EPIC–Heidelberg cohort, 2224 participants were followed-up from baseline for 16 (median) years. E-Selectin, P-Selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM3), thrombomodulin, thrombopoietin, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and fibrinogen levels were measured in baseline blood samples. The systematic review and meta-analysis included prospective studies identified through MEDLINE and Web of Science that investigated the association between mentioned biomarkers and T2D. The study population included 55% women, median age was 50 years, and 163 developed T2D. ICAM3 was associated with lower T2D risk (fully adjusted HRhighest vs. lowest tertile 0.62 (95% CI: 0.43, 0.91)), but no other studies on ICAM3 were identified. Overall, fifteen studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (6,171 cases). E-Selectin was associated with higher T2D risk HRper SD: 1.34 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.54; I2 = 63%, n = 9 studies), while thrombomodulin was associated with lower risk HRper SD: 0.82 (95% CI: 0.71, 0.95; I2 = 0%, n = 2 studies). In the EPIC–Heidelberg, ICAM3 was associated with lower T2D risk. The meta-analysis showed a consistent positive association between E-Selectin and T2D. It was also suggestive of an inverse association between thrombomodulin and T2D, although further studies are needed to corroborate this finding.

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Skipping breakfast and risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

Revue d Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique ◽

10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.314 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 ◽

pp. S352

Author(s):

S. Schlesinger ◽

A. Ballon ◽

M. Neuenschwander

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Skipping Breakfast

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Fish Consumption, Dietary Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acids, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc11-1631 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 918-929 ◽

Cited By ~ 127

Author(s):

A. Wallin ◽

D. Di Giuseppe ◽

N. Orsini ◽

P. S. Patel ◽

N. G. Forouhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Fish Consumption ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Long Chain

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Empirically derived dietary patterns and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis on prospective observational studies

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015001251 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 230-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Zahra Maghsoudi ◽

Reza Ghiasvand ◽

Amin Salehi-Abargouei

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Phytochemical Content

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically review prospective cohort studies about the association between dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence, and to quantify the effects using a meta-analysis.DesignDatabases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Science, SCOPUS and Google Scholar were searched up to 15 January 2015. Cohort studies which tried to examine the association between empirically derived dietary patterns and incident T2DM were selected. The relative risks (RR) and their 95 % confidence intervals for diabetes among participants with highest v. lowest adherence to derived dietary patterns were incorporated into meta-analysis using random-effects models.ResultsTen studies (n 404 528) were enrolled in the systematic review and meta-analysis; our analysis revealed that adherence to the ‘healthy’ dietary patterns significantly reduced the risk of T2DM (RR=0·86; 95 % CI 0·82, 0·90), while the ‘unhealthy’ dietary patterns adversely affected diabetes risk (RR=1·30; 95 % CI 1·18, 1·43). Subgroup analysis showed that unhealthy dietary patterns in which foods with high phytochemical content were also loaded did not significantly increase T2DM risk (RR=1·06; 95 % CI 0·87, 1·30).Conclusions‘Healthy’ dietary patterns containing vegetables, fruits and whole grains can lower diabetes risk by 14 %. Consuming higher amounts of red and processed meats, high-fat dairy and refined grains in the context of ‘unhealthy’ dietary patterns will increase diabetes risk by 30 %; while including foods with high phytochemical content in these patterns can modify this effect.

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Vitamin D, type 2 diabetes and other metabolic outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665112002765 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 89-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

Hassan Khan ◽

Setor Kunutsor ◽

Oscar H. Franco ◽

Rajiv Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Metabolic Outcomes

Vitamin D status may influence the risk of developing metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance (IR). Several studies have assessed vitamin D in relationship with metabolic outcomes; however, results remain inconsistent. A systematic review and meta-analysis using multiple databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE), was performed up to 10 August 2012. Prospective studies reporting association of circulating or dietary vitamin D with incident T2D, MetS and IR outcomes were included. Relative risks (RR) were pooled using random effects and subgroup analysis by pertinent study-level characteristics was performed. A total of seventeen articles based on eighteen unique prospective studies, and comprising 210 107 participants with 15 899 metabolic events, collected during a median follow up of 10 years (range 3–22 years), were included. RR for individuals in top v. bottom thirds of baseline vitamin D were 0·81 (95% CI 0·71, 0·92); 0·86 (95% CI 0·80, 0·92); and 0·84 (95% CI 0·64, 1·12) for T2D, MetS and IR outcomes, respectively. Moderate heterogeneity was found between fourteen studies (I2 = 67%, P < 0·001) reporting on T2D. Findings were generally consistent across various study-level characteristics. In conclusion, vitamin D status at baseline in apparently healthy adults is inversely associated with future risks of T2D and MetS. Interventions aimed at maintaining adequate levels of vitamin D in addition to preventing deficiency may be a useful preventive measure for metabolic diseases. However, reliable evidence from carefully designed intervention studies, particularly those based on healthy populations, is needed to confirm observational findings.

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