scholarly journals Preparing an Insectary in Burkina Faso to Support Research in Genetic Technologies for Malaria Control

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Guissou ◽  
M. Megan Quinlan ◽  
Roger Sanou ◽  
Robert K. Ouédraogo ◽  
Moussa Namountougou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Genetic Technologies ◽  
Support Research

scholarly journals Effect of biological larviciding with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis for malaria control on non-target vector mosquito species in rural Burkina Faso – A cluster randomized trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Dambach ◽  
Till Bärnighausen ◽  
Anges Yadouleton ◽  
Martin Dambach ◽  
Issouf Traore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis Israelensis ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Biological larviciding is an additional tool that can help address the current dilemma in malaria control, namely vector resistances to pyrethroids and shifting of biting activity to times when people are not protected. Although malaria interventions primarily target Anopheles mosquitoes, there might be an impact on populations of other mosquito genera that share the same breeding sites. In this study we research to what extent Culex and Aedes mosquitoes, the primary vectors of numerous zoonotic diseases, are affected by larviciding interventions against malaria mosquitoes. Methods: We researched the impact of different larviciding choices with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis on non-target mosquitoes in 127 rural villages and a semi-urban town in a health district in Northwestern Burkina Faso. All villages were distributed into a total of three study arms with different larviciding choices: full, selective and untreated control. Geographically close villages were distributed into clusters to avoid contamination between treated and untreated villages. Adult mosquitoes were captured in light traps inside and outside houses during the rainy seasons of a baseline and an intervention year. A negative binomial regression was used to determine the reductions achieved through larviciding among different mosquito genera.Results: Larviciding interventions against malaria showed only limited or no impact against Culex mosquitoes, while against Aedes, reductions of up to 34% were achieved when all detected breeding sites in the public space were treated. While the semi-urban setting showed high abundance of Culex, in the rural villages we captured more Aedes. Conclusions: Future larviciding programs should be evaluated for including the treatment of Aedes and Culex breeding habitats. Since the major cost components of such programs are labor and transport, other disease vectors could be targeted at little additional cost.

scholarly journals Risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection in south-west Burkina Faso - potential impact of expanding eligibility for seasonal malaria chemoprevention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L Wilson ◽  
Steve W Lindsay ◽  
Alfred Tiono ◽  
Jean Baptiste Yaro ◽  
Hilary Ranson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
South West ◽  
Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Burkina Faso has one of the highest malaria burdens in sub-Saharan Africa despite the mass deployment of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and use of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in children aged up to 5 years. Identification of risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum infection in rural Burkina Faso could help to identify and target malaria control measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 1,199 children and adults was conducted during the peak malaria transmission season in south-west Burkina Faso in 2017. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for microscopically confirmed P. falciparum infection. A malaria transmission dynamic model was used to determine the impact on malaria cases averted of administering SMC to children aged 5–15 year old. Results P. falciparum prevalence was 32.8% in the study population. Children aged 5 to < 10 years old were at 3.74 times the odds (95% CI = 2.68–5.22, p < 0.001) and children aged 10 to 15 years old at 3.14 times the odds (95% CI = 1.20–8.21, p = 0.02) of P. falciparum infection compared to children aged less than 5 years old. Administration of SMC to children aged up to 10 years is predicted to avert an additional 57 malaria cases per 1000 population per year (9.4% reduction) and administration to children aged up to 15 years would avert an additional 89 malaria cases per 1000 population per year (14.6% reduction) in the Cascades Region, assuming coverage of pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide ITNs. Conclusion Malaria infections were high in all age strata, although highest in children aged 5 to 15 years, despite roll out of core malaria control interventions. Given the burden of infection in school-age children, extension of the eligibility criteria for SMC could help reduce the burden of malaria in Burkina Faso and other countries in the region.

Transgenic Metarhizium rapidly kills mosquitoes in a malaria-endemic region of Burkina Faso

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 364 (6443) ◽  
pp. 894-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Lovett ◽  
Etienne Bilgo ◽  
Souro Abel Millogo ◽  
Abel Kader Ouattarra ◽  
Issiaka Sare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Malaria Endemic Region ◽  
A Site

Malaria control efforts require implementation of new technologies that manage insecticide resistance. Metarhizium pingshaense provides an effective, mosquito-specific delivery system for potent insect-selective toxins. A semifield trial in a MosquitoSphere (a contained, near-natural environment) in Soumousso, a region of Burkina Faso where malaria is endemic, confirmed that the expression of an insect-specific toxin (Hybrid) increased fungal lethality and the likelihood that insecticide-resistant mosquitoes would be eliminated from a site. Also, as Hybrid-expressing M. pingshaense is effective at very low spore doses, its efficacy lasted longer than that of the unmodified Metarhizium. Deployment of transgenic Metarhizium against mosquitoes could (subject to appropriate registration) be rapid, with products that could synergistically integrate with existing chemical control strategies to avert insecticide resistance.

Moving towards universal coverage with malaria control interventions: achievements and challenges in rural Burkina Faso

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela De Allegri ◽  
Valérie R Louis ◽  
Justin Tiendrébeogo ◽  
Aurelia Souares ◽  
Maurice Yé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Universal Coverage

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal analysis and prediction of malaria cases using remote sensing meteorological data in Diébougou health district, Burkina Faso, 2016–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric S. Bationo ◽  
Jean Gaudart ◽  
Sokhna Dieng ◽  
Mady Cissoko ◽  
Paul Taconet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Health District ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Spatial Hotspots

AbstractMalaria control and prevention programs are more efficient and cost-effective when they target hotspots or select the best periods of year to implement interventions. This study aimed to identify the spatial distribution of malaria hotspots at the village level in Diébougou health district, Burkina Faso, and to model the temporal dynamics of malaria cases as a function of meteorological conditions and of the distance between villages and health centres (HCs). Case data for 27 villages were collected in 13 HCs. Meteorological data were obtained through remote sensing. Two synthetic meteorological indicators (SMIs) were created to summarize meteorological variables. Spatial hotspots were detected using the Kulldorf scanning method. A General Additive Model was used to determine the time lag between cases and SMIs and to evaluate the effect of SMIs and distance to HC on the temporal evolution of malaria cases. The multivariate model was fitted with data from the epidemic year to predict the number of cases in the following outbreak. Overall, the incidence rate in the area was 429.13 cases per 1000 person-year with important spatial and temporal heterogeneities. Four spatial hotspots, involving 7 of the 27 villages, were detected, for an incidence rate of 854.02 cases per 1000 person-year. The hotspot with the highest risk (relative risk = 4.06) consisted of a single village, with an incidence rate of 1750.75 cases per 1000 person-years. The multivariate analysis found greater variability in incidence between HCs than between villages linked to the same HC. The time lag that generated the better predictions of cases was 9 weeks for SMI1 (positively correlated with precipitation variables) and 16 weeks for SMI2 (positively correlated with temperature variables. The prediction followed the overall pattern of the time series of reported cases and predicted the onset of the following outbreak with a precision of less than 3 weeks. This analysis of malaria cases in Diébougou health district, Burkina Faso, provides a powerful prospective method for identifying and predicting high-risk areas and high-transmission periods that could be targeted in future malaria control and prevention campaigns.

scholarly journals Malaria Case Fatality Rate among Children under Five in Burkina Faso: An Assessment of the Spatiotemporal Trends Following the Implementation of Control Programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1840
Author(s):  
Mady Ouédraogo ◽  
David Tiga Kangoye ◽  
Sékou Samadoulougou ◽  
Toussaint Rouamba ◽  
Philippe Donnen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Malaria Case ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
District Level ◽  
Health District ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Control Programs

Reducing the 2015 level of malaria mortality by 90% by 2030 is a goal set by the World Health Organization (WHO). In Burkina Faso, several malaria control programs proven to be effective were implemented over the last decade. In parallel, the progressive strengthening of the health surveillance system is generating valuable data, which represents a great opportunity for analyzing the trends in malaria burden and assessing the effect of these control programs. Complementary programs were rolled out at different time points and paces, and the present work aims at investigating both the spatial and temporal pattern of malaria case fatality rate (mCFR) by considering the effect of combining specific and unspecific malaria control programs. To this end, data on severe malaria cases and malaria deaths, aggregated at health district level between January 2013 and December 2018, were extracted from the national health data repository (ENDOS-BF). A Bayesian spatiotemporal zero-inflated Poisson model was fitted to quantify the strength of the association of malaria control programs with monthly mCFR trends at health district level. The model was adjusted for contextual variables. We found that monthly mCFR decreased from 2.0 (95% IC 1.9–2.1%) to 0.9 (95% IC 0.8–1.0%) deaths for 100 severe malaria cases in 2013 and 2018, respectively. Health districts with high mCFR were identified in the northern, northwestern and southwestern parts of the country. The availability of malaria rapid diagnosis tests (IRR: 0.54; CrI: 0.47, 0.62) and treatment (IRR: 0.50; CrI: 0.41, 0.61) were significantly associated with a reduction in the mCFR. The risk of dying from malaria was lower in the period after the free healthcare policy compared with the period before (IRR: 0.47; CrI: 0.38, 0.58). Our findings highlighted locations that are most in need of targeted interventions and the necessity to sustain and strengthen the launched health programs to further reduce the malaria deaths in Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Implementation Fidelity of the National Malaria Control Program in Burkina Faso

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e69865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéry Ridde ◽  
Thomas Druetz ◽  
Serge Poppy ◽  
Seni Kouanda ◽  
Slim Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Malaria Control Program ◽  
National Malaria Control Program

scholarly journals Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnant women in Burkina Faso: a community-based cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Baptiste Yaro ◽  
Alphonse Ouedraogo ◽  
Amidou Diarra ◽  
Salif Sombié ◽  
Z. Amidou Ouedraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Malaria in pregnancy remains a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Identifying risk factors for malaria in pregnancy could assist in developing interventions to reduce the risk of malaria in Burkina Faso and other countries in the region. Methods Two cross-sectional surveys were carried out to measure Plasmodium falciparum infection using microscopy in pregnant women in Saponé Health District, central Burkina Faso. Data were collected on individual, household and environmental variables and their association with P. falciparum infection assessed using multivariable analysis. Results A total of 356 pregnant women were enrolled in the surveys, 174 during the dry season and 182 during the wet season. The mean number of doses of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy (IPTp-SP) was 0.4 doses during the first trimester, 1.1 doses at the second and 2.3 doses at the third. Overall prevalence of P. falciparum infection by microscopy was 15.7%; 17.8% in the dry season and 13.7% in the wet season. 88.2% of pregnant women reported sleeping under an insecticide-treated net (ITN) on the previous night. The odds of P. falciparum infection was 65% lower in women who reported using an ITN compared to those that did not use an ITN (Odds ratio, OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.14–0.86, p = 0.02). IPTp-SP was also associated with reduced P. falciparum infection, with each additional dose of IPTp-SP reducing the odds of infection by 44% (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.39–0.79, p = 0.001). Literate women had a 2.54 times higher odds of P. falciparum infection compared to illiterate women (95% CI 1.31–4.91, p = 0.006). Conclusions The prevalence of P. falciparum infection among pregnant women remains high in Burkina Faso, although use of IPTp-SP and ITNs were found to reduce the odds of infection. Despite this, compliance with IPTp-SP remains far from that recommended by the National Malaria Control Programme and World Health Organization. Behaviour change communication should be strengthened to encourage compliance with protective malaria control tools during pregnancy.

scholarly journals 2013 APSA Africa Workshop: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (04) ◽  
pp. 885-887
Author(s):  
Andrew Stinson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Research Networks ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Support Research

The sixth annual APSA Africa Workshop was conducted in partnership with the Institute for Governance and Development (IGD) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, from July 1 to 12. The event is part of a multiyear initiative to support political science research and teaching in Sub-Saharan Africa through a series of residential political science workshops at African universities and research institutions. Funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the Africa Workshops program is a major component of APSA's efforts to engage with political science communities outside the United States and support research networks linking US scholars with their colleagues overseas.

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